Philip Harfield 2013

‘We make ecodesign happen through developing and delivering collaborative multi-sectoral ecodesign projects’.

Circular Economy Covenant 2022Philip Harfield

Philip Harfield 2013

Cycling resources embedded in systems containing Light Emitting Diodes

Collaboration across the lifecycleDemonstrate eco-innovation through decoupling critical material consumption from the economic potential of LED technologies.

recovery

Philip Harfield 2013

why LEDs: necessary complexity!

• 7 materials• Manufacturing energy 42MJ

(per 20M lumen-hours) • Use energy 60W

• 30+ materials (17 in LED chip)

• Manufacturing energy 343 MJ (per 20M lumen-hours)

• Use energy 12.5W

(Source: DOE 2012, DEFRA 2009)

Philip Harfield 2013

• Sapphire, • Gallium, • Aluminium, • Gold, • Silver, • Tin, • Indium, • Chromium, • Platinum, • Cerium, • Europium, • Terbium, • Yttrium, • Silicone Carbide, • Silicon

Why LEDs: critical materials!

image: www.treehugger.com

Philip Harfield 2013

manufacture

use

reuse

recovery

collection

assembly& market

pre-processing cycLED

material inputs

TECHNICAL ISSUES

Philip Harfield 2013

external

eco-i

external

organisation

NON-TECHNICAL ISSUES

manufacture

use

reuse

collection

assembly& market

material inputs

recovery

pre-processing

Philip Harfield 2013

eco-i

manufacture

use

reuse

collection

assembly& market

material inputs

recovery

pre-processing

Philip Harfield 2013AT A COMPANY LEVEL

eco-i

Philip Harfield 2013

pportunities ?

where are the eco-i

Philip Harfield 2013

wh benefits?

eco-i

Philip Harfield 2013

h wdo we do this?

eco-i

Philip Harfield 2013

reuse

use

EoLsupply

make

sell

production consumptioneco-i

WHAT ECO-I / CIRCULARITY MEANS WITHIN SUPPLY CHAIN?WHAT ARE THE STAKEHOLDER MOTIVATIONS ALONG VALUE CHAIN?

WHERE ARE THE WEAK OR MISSING ‘LINKS’?

Philip Harfield 2013

reuse

use

EoLsupply

make

sell

production consumption

form

assemble

finish

pack deliver

market

extract

process

deliver

re-sell

refurb

re-process

pre- process re-sell

buyreturn

repair

eco-i re-brand

Philip Harfield 2013

www.braun-lighting.com

http://www.ona.es/

http://www.etaplighting.com/

Industrial:Product Service System

Street-lighting:Servicability focus

Commercial (harsh environments): Extended life focus

Domestic:End of Life focus (recovery)

Demonstration eco-innovation

http://riva.sc/

Philip Harfield 2013

eco-innovation challenges:• Lifecycle on design brief: substitution vs. recycling• Recovering value: reuse vs. shredding vs.

disassembly• Technology foresight : hydro vs. pyro-metallurgy  • Open innovation: competitive environment

prevents collaboration between organisations• Ambition & motivation: incremental technical

innovation vs. radical business model innovation.• Business case: market demand for eco-innovation

Rebound: application ‘innovation’ may offset any efficiency gains?

Philip Harfield 2013

possible solutions

• Define collaborative landscape – what it looks like:– pooled knowledge & solutions?– shared costs & value?– innovation platforms (within competitive arena)?

• Develop valorisation models for repair and remanufacturing of existing materials1

• Develop evaluation criteria for successful eco-innovative products (success = product + systems value)

• Development of technical design rules for critical resource efficient products & non-technical system rules for value chain!

(1. Wales And The Circular Economy, 2013)

Philip Harfield 2013

Philip HarfieldEcodesign CentreSenior Project Officerphil@edcw.orgwww.edcw.org/en/project/cycled