Post on 25-Mar-2018
CaliforniaZNE 2020
“Big Bold Energy Solutions”
A Panel Discussion withDylan Connelly, PEGerard Lee, AIAJohn Sarter, ContractorModerated by Michael Wong, AIA
14 April 2015https://www.facebook.com/pages/AIA-COTE-SF/1376221932646041?fref=ts
KEY MESSAGE
In 2008, the California Energy Efficiency strategic Plan included the goal that all new residential building would be zero net energy building by 2020
All new commercial buildings will be zero net energy building by 2030
50% of the Public building stock in CA to be renovated to N+ by 2030
CA – TITLE 24 ZNE HOME PLAN
CA – TITLE 24 ZNE HOME PLAN
Two Things
Low Demand Building
Efficiency Insulate (minimize thermal
bridging, HP windows) Stop Air Infiltration Ventilation with Heat
Recovery Low Plug Loads
Energy Generation
PV
Wind
etc.
Two Questions:
How do you know if you are doing enough?
How do you know when you are doing too much?
Answer:
Building Energy Model along with a building that designed to be modeled (i.e. air tight with thermal bridges quantified)
With an accurate model and an “efficiency” knowledgeable contractor, the cost premium may then be in the range of 5-10% for a super efficient building (not including power generation)
Panelists Links
John Sarter:http://www.offthegriddesign.org/
https://www.honestbuildings.com/John-Sarter#.VS7hm6Pn9UY
Gerard Lee:http://www.harleyellisdevereaux.com/
http://www.harleyellisdevereaux.com/about/our_people
Dylan Connelly:http://www.integralgroup.com/dpr-san-francisco-net-positive-project-wins-several-awards/
http://www.integralgroup.com/contact-us/united-states/oakland/
Educate yourselfBackground Info
http://www.energydataweb.com/cpucFiles/pdaDocs/904/California_ZNE_Technical_Feasibility_Report_Final.pdf
http://www.pge.com/en/mybusiness/services/training/pec/index.page
https://www.honestbuildings.com/project/#!/85159
Nuts and Bolts
http://www.passipedia.org/
http://www.passiv.de/komponentendatenbank/en-EN
http://passivhaustagung.de/Passive_House_E/PHPP.html
Passive House Alliance U.S.http://phaus.org/
http://greenspec.buildinggreen.com/blogs/sch-ck-isokorb-controlling-thermal-bridging
Additional Links:
NZE
Net Zero Energy Coalition
NESEA
Whole Building Design Guidehttp://www.wbdg.org/resources/netzeroenergybuildings.php
New Building Institute (under contract with CPUC)http://newbuildings.org/
Here is the "DOE Zero Energy Ready Home" program:http://energy.gov/eere/buildings/zero-energy-ready-home
Here also are some good ZNE building databases, some have links to systems, architects, builders, and products used:IEA http://iea40.buildinggreen.com/US DOE http://zeb.buildinggreen.com/GLOBAL http://www.enob.info/en/net-zero-energy-buildings/map/
Passive House:PHCAPhaus
Alternative construction/ Sustainable design
Cob Construction:http://www.nbne.org/natbuild/cob.php
http://www.thiscobhouse.com/
http://www.motherearthnews.com/green-homes/natural-building/cob-building-basics-zm0z13onzrob.aspx
Straw Bale: http://www.wikihow.com/Build-a-Straw-Bale-House
Zero Net Energy Design and ConstructionApril 14, 2015
WEB Resources
Building Green
Building Green
www.buildingGreen.com
Various publications available
Provides seminars
See PG&E Energy center
Nuts & Bolts
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NREL
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
www.osti.gov/bridge
www.nrel.gov
DOE Building in Golden Colorado (>375,000sf LEED Platinum , verified ZNE)
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CHPS (Collaborative for High Performance Schools)
National Best Practices Manual
Available online
Very good fundamental information about designing using passive strategies
NYSERDA used to host a certification course for CHPS
http://www.nyserda.ny.gov/
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Sustainable Design Resources
Other Web Resources
Whole Building Design Guidehttp://www.wbdg.org/resources/netzeroenergybuildings.php
New Building Institute (has largest comprehensive database of verified ZNE buildings and lots of online tools)http://newbuildings.org/
PG&E Energy Center: (check out the heliodon) http://www.pge.com/en/mybusiness/services/training/pec/index.page
International Living Future Institutehttp://living-future.org/
The Solar Plannerhttp://www.thesolarplanner.com/array_placement.html
The Solar Plannerhttp://www.thesolarplanner.com/array_placement.html
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Alternative Construction Methods
Cob Construction:http://www.nbne.org/natbuild/cob.phphttp://www.thiscobhouse.com/http://www.motherearthnews.com/green-homes/natural-building/cob-building-basics-zm0z13onzrob.aspx
Ram Earth:http://www.nareba.org/http://www.sirewall.com/ (SireWall system)
Straw Bale: http://thelaststraw.org/http://www.wikihow.com/Build-a-Straw-Bale-House
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Please note:
ZNE swimming pool
DPR CONSTRUCTION | SAN FRANCISCON+ Energy Retrofit
• A building that generates MORE
clean energy over the course of a
year than it uses without the use of
fossil fuels (ILFI Requirement – not
CA code).
EUI TARGETPathways to N+
The Miller Hull Partnership
EUI TARGET
Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) System• 100% Electric• Single outdoor air source heat pump• Individual zone control• Fast acting cooling/heating• Can be ducted or non ducted in the zones• Refrigerant Heat recovery between zones• Excellent partial/low load efficiencies.
Dedicated Outside Air (DOAS) System• 100% Outside air• Demand controlled based on CO2• Heat recovery in a mild climate = no
conditioning of the ventilation at the unit• Smaller ductwork to the zones even with
increased ventilation amounts
Net Zero OfficeBenefits of VRF and DOAS
Net Zero HouseBenefits of VRF and DOAS
Net Zero HouseBenefits of VRF and DOAS
EVALUATE OPTIONS
Big Ass Fans = Expanded Comfort
METERING FOR NET ZERO
METERING FOR NET ZERO
METERING FOR NET ZEROTrend Analysis
Night Time events
Kill switch and morning warm up issues
METERING FOR NET ZERO
Trends: Typical Week Profile – Total Building Energy Use
10:00 PM
METERING FOR NET ZERO
METERING FOR NET ZEROCumulative Net Site Energy vs Actual
COST OF N+
1998-2013 Reported PV System prices fell an average 6-8% a year
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/62558.pdf
COST OF N+$ of PV
COST OF N+$ of PV
(PV) system prices dropped by 12 - 19 percent nationwide in 20132014 Prices are expected to have dropped another 3 - 12 percent
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/62558.pdf
COST OF N+$ of PV
Reported price differentials across states reflect a wide array of potential factors, including: market size and maturity, incentive levels, sales taxes, administrative costs, labor costs, and project characteristics.
COST OF N+$ of PV
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/62558.pdf
COST OF N+Photovoltaics
http://wwww.hanlonengineering.com/
COST OF N+
COST OF N+
4-5 times as efficient per SF of roof as PV
Can meet the needs of 50-70% of the year for offices.
AIASF 2020 Bringing ZNE HomeApril 14, 2015
WEST BERKELEY PUBLIC LIBRARYA Certified Zero Net Energy Building
1/2 mile10 min. walk
1 mile20 min. walk
West Berkeley Library
Photo Credit This Slide- David Wakely
First Public Library in California to be Certified NZEB by ILFI
BDA Design Award winner
1st ZNE public library in CA
2nd ZNE library in CA
2nd ZNE public library in USA
2nd ZNE Municipal building in CA
3rd ZNE Municipal building in USA
Largest (by sq ft) ZNE library building in USA as of February 2015
Stats provided by New Building Institute (NBI) f F b
NZEB Certified!44
1/2 mile10 min. walk
1 mile20 min. walk
West Berkeley Library
Site Location
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Solar Access – Optimum Roof Height
“Every hour, the sunradiates more energy onto the earth than the entire human population uses in onewhole year.”
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Daylight Modeling
Floor Plan – Overcast Sky JUNE 21
Analysis Grid06-21 Clear 1200 FalloffsValue Range: 0.00-200 fc
Building Section
Day Lighting Design Tools
Daysim- annual daylighting analysis with weather data
Radiance –illuminance maps based on specific times
Use the right tool
Daysim was more user friendly in early design phases
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Natural Ventilation Analysis
Natural Ventilation –Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Studies
Fluent (AnsysAirpak)
Various ceiling configurations and shapes were analyzed
CFD analysis indicated - horizontal ceiling plane works as well as a sloped ceiling
Comfort Verification Studies – Additional CFD analysis was done during late design for verification purposes
Comfort verification studies by Capital Engineering/ SEED Inc.
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Zero Net Energy Features
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Renewable On-site Energy Supply
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Whole Building Energy Analysis
Reduce building energy consumption before designing for renewables
EUI
Bas
elin
e B
uild
ing
(T24
) 35
Title 24 modeled with EnergyProWhole Building Simulation Energy Modeled with DesignBuilder
Actu
al E
UI 2
4.1
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Trending Data
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97.1% FSC Wood content
3x8 wood studs @ 24” on center
Wood is thermally efficient vs. steel stud
7 ¼” of wall cavity filled with rock wool insulation = R30
2 layers of Roxul in roof/ ceiling =R41
5 week lead time from Canada
Good acoustics, high thermal & hygrothermalperformance, fire protection, moisture & mold resistant and will not sag
Roxul Rock Wool Insulation
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Lessons In The Field
Unseen But Important-Roof BOD -Performance
requirements
PV Sub -Install Off the Rack Systems
Structural issues!
Resolve Issues, Find Solutions and be ZNE Aware
Integrated Designs Are Not Friendly Towards Field Changes
PV emergency shut off -within 10’ of Main Switch Gear (MSB)
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Lessons In The Field
PV & Solar Thermal Do not exceed
zoning height limitations
Low slope roofs –HED detailed for stanchions.
Standard wood curbs preferred by subs can impede flow and affect collector plate angles
Stanchions allow for future technology, reroofing, ease of maintenance.
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Radiant Slab Triple Wall Radiant
Tubing
4” of Radiant Concrete Slab over 2” of Rigid Insulation. 6” Curbs.
Curb cutouts -manifolds & construction access-cherry pickers.
Check manifold design & tubing layout for proper zoning
Template Layout/ Protection plates -avoid punctures
Educating the othersubcontractors is KEY
Radiant Floors
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PV & Solar Thermal Learning curve
Not your standard electrical/ mechanical room
Plan for issues in the field where Design Build systems are concerned
Lessons In The Field
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Runtal Radiators
Runtal Radiators Provides preheating
of fresh air in the winter
Long lead time 6-8 weeks
Concerns about appearance and perception
Standard Runtalheights are limited
HED worked with fabricator to increase fin spacing & revised pressure and flow design
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Day Light & Lighting Controls
Daylight Harvesting Daylight Sensors –
(1) at skylights & (1) at entry
Tied to lighting panel and controls lights -dimmable vs on/off
Dimmable lights need delay
Shades affect sensors
Commissioning is necessary to trouble shoot lighting
Photo Credit- David Wakely 61
Cement Composite Panel Rain Screen
High Performance Rain Screen System
14 Week Lead time from Switzerland –No comparable local product
HED arranged for contractor to obtain manufacturer certification
HED revised details to reduce steel furring use by 50%
Reduced material use, errors, labor and possibility for breakage during installation
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Extensive Bioclimatic Studies & Energy Modeling -Critical
Anticipate Changes in Technology
Design & Define Performance Criteria for Design/Build Systems –PV/ Solar
Educate Everyone!
Commissioning –Data, Performance, Metrics –Stay the Course.
Key Lessons63Photo Credit- David Wakely
University Avenue View
Photo Credit- Mark Luthringer
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Project Team65
Client: City of Berkeley/ Berkeley Public LibraryArchitect: Harley Ellis DevereauxCM: Kitchell, CEMContractor: West Bay BuildersCivil: Moran EngineeringLandscape: John North Roberts & AssociatesStructural: TippingMarMEP: Timmons Design + Harley Ellis DevereauxSustainability: Harley Ellis DevereauxCXa: Orry NottinghamAV/IT: SFMILighting: Max PiersenSignage: Bruning AssociatesUtility Grant: Savings by Design PG&E
For More Info Contact:Harley Ellis Devereaux360 17th St., Suite 210Oakland, CA 94612
Gerard Lee, AIA LEED AP BD+Cgklee@hedev.com510-285-2373
Ideas