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Claim / Data / Claim / Data / Warrant: Warrant:

originated in the courtroom

AKA Toulmin method

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CLAICLAIMM

DATADATA

WA

RR

AW

AR

RA

NT

NT

CLAIM? CLAIM?

Does it state Does it state an an opinionopinion??

Is it Is it clear clear and and preciseprecise??

Can it be Can it be proven with proven with evidenceevidence or or logiclogic??

HOW TO HOW TO PROVEPROVE??

DataData is the is the evidence that evidence that supports or supports or proves the proves the claim.claim.

It can be a quoted It can be a quoted passage [or passages] passage [or passages] from the literary piece or from the literary piece or researched facts which researched facts which must be cited (aka must be cited (aka documented).documented).

OROR

IT CAN BE AN IT CAN BE AN ANECDOTEANECDOTE

Homework is Homework is an important an important part of the part of the learning learning

process in process in HIGH school.HIGH school.

One reason is One reason is thatthat

homework homework gives students gives students

additional additional practice of practice of

skills covered skills covered in class. in class.

High school High school classes are too classes are too short to teach a short to teach a new concept and new concept and

practice it practice it sufficiently for sufficiently for

students to students to master.master.

For example, the For example, the ideal composition ideal composition process allows time process allows time for students to think for students to think and to reflect on and to reflect on their ideas, as well their ideas, as well as time to revise as time to revise and to proofread and to proofread their writing.their writing.

WarrantWarrant

The analysis and The analysis and interpretation or interpretation or

reflection about the reflection about the data in terms of data in terms of how it supports how it supports

your claimyour claim

The explanation of The explanation of how and why the how and why the data supports or data supports or justifies the claimjustifies the claim

Not only is homework Not only is homework essential to allowing time essential to allowing time

to maintain previously to maintain previously learned skills, but it also learned skills, but it also

guarantees constant guarantees constant review and provides time review and provides time

for reflective learning for reflective learning which guarantees actual which guarantees actual

retentionretention

Claim = clear, focused sentence which states a provable opinion about a named literary piece

Data = evidence that supports the claim

Warrant = explanation and analysis of how and why the data proves the claim