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The Building Blocks of Life Worksheet

Basic Chemistry

1. In the outer most layer of carbon there are 4 electrons. To fill this energy level, it needs 4

more electrons.

2. Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds.

3. In a single covalent bond there are 2 shared electrons. In a double covalent bond there

are 4 shared electrons. In a triple covalent bond there are 6 electrons and in a quadruple

covalent bond there are 8 electrons.

Organic Molecules

4. An organic compound is a compound that contains carbon and other elements.

5. Besides carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen make up most organic compounds.

6. Smaller, simpler molecules are called monomers.

7. Carbon molecules made of monomers are called polymers.

8. Large polymers are called macromolecules

9. The reaction that links monomers to make polymers is polymerization

10. combined of glucose and fructose to make sucrose

Carbohydrates

11. The hydrogen to carbon ratio is 2:1

12. Carbohydrates exist in monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides

13. The monomer of carbohydrates are called monosaccharides, their common name is a

simple sugar. The ratio of carbons,hydrogens and oxygens is 1:2:1 in carbohydrates

14. The three most common monosaccharides are glucose, fructose and galactose.

15.

16. Double sugars are called disaccharides and two examples are lactose and maltose

17. A polysaccharide is made of monosaccharides. A polysaccharide found in animals isglycogen and two found in plants are starch and cellulose

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