building blocks of life WORD
2
The Building Blocks of Life Workshe et Basic Chemistry 1. In the o uter most l aye r of ca rbon th ere a re 4 el ectro ns. T o f ill this energ y lev el, it n eeds 4 more electrons. 2. Carbon ca n form 4 covalen t bonds. 3. In a s ingle cov alen t bon d the re are 2 s hared elect rons. In a d ouble cov alen t bon d the re are 4 shared electrons. In a triple covalent bond there are 6 electrons and in a quadruple covalent bond there are 8 electrons. Organic Molecules 4. An or gan ic compo und i s a comp oun d that contai ns carbon and othe r elemen ts. 5. Besi des c arbon , hy drog en, n itroge n and ox yge n ma ke u p mos t org anic compo unds . 6. Sma lle r, simple r mol ecu les are cal led monomers. 7. Carbon molecules made of monomers are called polymers. 8. La rge pol ymers are called macromolecules 9. The rea cti on th at lin ks mo nomers to make poly mer s is po lymeri zat ion 10. combined of glucose and fructose to make sucrose Carbohydrates 1 1 . The hydr ogen to carb on rat io is 2: 1 12. Carbohydrates exist in monosacc har ide s, d isaccharides and polysaccharides 13. The monomer of carbohy drates are called monosac cha rides, the ir common name is a simple sugar. The ratio of carbons,hyd rogens and oxygens is 1:2:1 in carbohydrates 14. The thr ee mos t c ommon monosacc har ide s are glu cos e, fruc tose a nd gal actose. 15. 16. Dou ble sug ars are cal led dis acc har ide s and t wo e xample s are l act ose an d ma lto se 1 7. A po ly sac charid e is made o f mo nosacc har ide s. A pol ysa cch arid e fo und in ani mal s is glycogen and two found in plants are starch and cellulose
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Transcript of building blocks of life WORD
8/7/2019 building blocks of life WORD
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/building-blocks-of-life-word 1/2
The Building Blocks of Life Worksheet
Basic Chemistry
1. In the outer most layer of carbon there are 4 electrons. To fill this energy level, it needs 4
more electrons.
2. Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds.
3. In a single covalent bond there are 2 shared electrons. In a double covalent bond there
are 4 shared electrons. In a triple covalent bond there are 6 electrons and in a quadruple
covalent bond there are 8 electrons.
Organic Molecules
4. An organic compound is a compound that contains carbon and other elements.
5. Besides carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen make up most organic compounds.
6. Smaller, simpler molecules are called monomers.
7. Carbon molecules made of monomers are called polymers.
8. Large polymers are called macromolecules
9. The reaction that links monomers to make polymers is polymerization
10. combined of glucose and fructose to make sucrose
Carbohydrates
11. The hydrogen to carbon ratio is 2:1
12. Carbohydrates exist in monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides
13. The monomer of carbohydrates are called monosaccharides, their common name is a
simple sugar. The ratio of carbons,hydrogens and oxygens is 1:2:1 in carbohydrates
14. The three most common monosaccharides are glucose, fructose and galactose.
15.
16. Double sugars are called disaccharides and two examples are lactose and maltose
17. A polysaccharide is made of monosaccharides. A polysaccharide found in animals isglycogen and two found in plants are starch and cellulose
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