Post on 24-Oct-2019
Bluefin Tuna and SwordfishScience Projects in 2016/2017
Presented by Alex Hanke
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OVERVIEW
Biological Sampling Program OverviewResearch in 2016
Supporters in 2016
• NSLA and Hi-Liner for contribution of headsand transportation (Troy Atkinson).
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Loading…• PEIFA (Laura Ramsay), PEI Fisheries Dept.
(Dave MacEwen and crew) and FrancisMorrissey.
• Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre forsampling (Mark Simpson and crew).
• SWNSFA and Canso (Eric Jacquard, SteveMead, Frank, Robert Conrad, BrandonDoucette)
• Anna MacDonnell and Warren Joyce at BIO
How Sampling Helps Science
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Otoliths• Direct ages for age-
length key and growth• Stock origin/mixing
using isotopes• Stock origin using
shape and genetics• Stock specific age-
length key
Head steaks• Any kind of
genetic work,i.e. stock origin
• Diet analysis• Lipid analysis
Spine• Validate spine ages
using otoliths• Direct ages for
age-length keybased on spines
• Source of DNA forstock origin
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Curved ForkLengthRound WeightTag #
2016 Sampling Results
Location Otoliths Head Steaks Spines Total
Nova Scotia
Arisaig 2 2 1 3
Ballentynes Cove 0 0 1 1
Canso 80 94 26 104
SWNS/LL 48 110 18 148
Halifax 2 2 0 2
Wedgeport 15 12 13 15
147 220 59 273
PEI
Alberton 4 4 0 4
Tignish 88 24 0 88
Sea Cow Pond 15 7 1 15
Morell 19 15 0 19
North Lake 61 29 0 64
187 79 1 190
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Newfoundland 6 13 0 13
Comparison across Years:Otolith/Head
Location 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Nova Scotia
Canso 0/0 52/52 33/33 11/11 38/42 52/52 80/104
SWNS/LL 65/65 59/59 58/59 42/53 51/108 60/197 48/148
Port Hood 0/0 0/0 45/45 121/121 0/0 11/28 0/0
Wedgeport 7/7 8/8 15/15 9/12 13/16 11/11 15/15
72/72 119/119 151/152 183/197 102/166 134/288 147/273
PEI
Tignish 0/0 57/57 74/74 65/77 51/61 66/68 88/88
North Lake 1/1 78/78 63/63 65/73 114/140 100/109 61/64
1/1 135/135 137/137 130/150 161/190 166/177 187/190
Newfoundland
8/8 0/0 0/0 25/35 22/31 5/5 6/13
TOTAL 81/81 254/254 289/289 338/382 289/393 305/470 340/476
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RESULTS FROM THESAMPLING
Direct BFT ages• New growth curve estimated using
direct ages and tagging data
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Slicing, Pooled ALK or Hybrid
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VPA results between the three methods of obtainingcharacterizing catch data for WBFT. The red line indicates theyear (2010) when the most ageing data enters in the models forthe hybrid method.
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Mixing
Eastern fishare smallerand younger. Most recentyear classesare source ofmost easternfish. Eastern fish
Otolith microchemistry based assignment results
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in Nfld areolder thanelsewhere.
DNA based assignment results
30e 70w
70e 30w
50e 50w
0e 100w
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100e 0w
Weight Distribution ofLanded CatchGulf and SWNS BFTcatch composition basedon round weights of fish.The two fisheries weredistinctly different butnow have very similarcatch compositions. Young western fishmoving into Gulf and/oreastern fish entering Gulf.
175
350
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Direct Age from Spines and Otoliths
Canadian samples are essential toincrease number of ageinterpretations from old fish
Agreementbetween spineage and otolithage forsamples fromthe east andCanada. EnriqueRodriguez-Marin
Spine RemovalFor a spine to be valuable for ageing,the condyle (knobby bit ) should be
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present.
Otolith Shape AnalysisOtolith shape variation provides amarker of stock origin for northAtlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnusthynnus)Dr. Dierdre Brophy, Galway-MayoInstitute of Technology, and others
• Otolith shape changes with length• Otolith shape differs between
stocks
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• ~83% accuracy separating Easternfrom Western fish for fish over 200cm
• Stock assignment based on shapewill not be used in the assessment.
Diet and Lipid AnalysisDr. Walter Golet, University ofMaine/Gulf of Maine ResearchInstitute, Hugues Benoit, GulfResearch Centre, Michael Stokesbury,U de Acadia, Jose Luis Varela, U. deCadiz
• Stomachs, liver, head steaks• Total calories and lipid content of
the tissue• Quality of foraging conditions and
fattening rates• Relates to market value• Impacts fecundity (egg number,
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quality and larval growth and survival)Tissues from 2015 have beenprocessed. Analysis postponeddue to loss of analyst.
Bluefin eat squid and hagfish
OTHER PROJECTS
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Combined indexAlex Hanke
• Allows us to tune assessmentmodel using a single catch ratetime series rather than usingseveral with conflicting signals
• Indices affected by redistribution ofstock components
• Combine areas and create a singleindex for 6 to 26 year olds
Other ideas:
• Merge US and Canadian RR data• Merge US and Canadian LL data• Merge US, Japanese and Canadian
LL data
Joint Canada RRindex
SWNS
Acoustic
Combined
GSL
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Length Based Indicators• Use size samples of
the landed catch• Indicates if the
population is beingsustainably oroptimally harvested
Fraction mega spawners
Fraction mature
Fraction at Lopt
BFT Movement fromCombined PSAT tag data Deployment length and timing
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• GBYP requested CPCs to providetheir PSAT tag data in anaggregated format to helpcondition the operating model usedfor MSE
• Most of he 722 deployments areshorter than a year.
• Some concerns regarding longevityof tags
• Not good if you want to resolve arepeated annual cycle or somethingmore complex.
• ~ 300 additional tags have been
provided by B.B.
WEST
EAST
Movement Matrix• The passage probabilities are the probability that each area will
be visited within a specified length of time (365 days).
• Low probability that fish reach East from West.• Fairly high probability of reaching WATL and GSL.
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• How sensitive are the outcomes to the bias in the data, lack ofstock origin and short deployments?
Passage probabilities
From\To W_ATL MED SE_ATL NE_ATL C_ATL CAR GSL GOM
MED 0.17 0.96 0.61 0.3 0.1 0.17 0.02
SE_ATL 0.24 0.8 0.73 0.41 0.15 0.24 0.03
NE_ATL 0.32 0.56 0.75 0.53 0.22 0.32 0.04
C_ATL 0.67 0.33 0.43 0.41 0.56 0.67 0.13
CAR 1 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.19 1 0.29
GSL 1 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.19 0.9 0.21
GOM 1 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.18 1 1
W_ATL 0.04 0.07 0.06 0.19 0.9 1 0.22
Improving Bluefin Tuna CatchRate Indices for SouthwesternNova Scotia (SWNS) and the
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Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence(sGSL)
Anne CheverieDFO Aquatic Science Biologist
Fishermen-identified Issues withPrevious Indices
SWNS index• Total hours fished may not be reliable• By-catch effort may be included• Does not adjust for concurrent trips• Includes tournament trips sGSL index• Total hours fished may not be reliable
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• May be influenced by changes in managementmeasures and fishing patterns
Progress in 2016/2017
• Creation, validation and QA/QC of new SWNSdataset (2002-2015)
• Creation and validation of new sSGL dataset(2003-2015)
• Initial attempts to recalculate fishing effort• Development of new Bluefin tuna logbook
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New SWNS Dataset (2002-2015)
• Includes large pelagics trips, including all tripswhere Bluefin tuna were or had the potential tobe caught
• Resolves duplication of Bluefin tuna in2002/2003
• Provides detailed set-level information• Includes all by-catch species• Includes data from other logbooks for
concurrent fishing trips• Enables easy identification of multi-hail trips
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Objectives:• To identify all
Bluefin tuna directedtrips
• To validate/correctkey variables (e.g.,date/time of sailing,capture and landing)
Year
% trips withcorrections
% rows withcorrections
2002
50.62 84.35
2003
47.95 94.69
2004
83.85 77.56
2005
71.91 65.88
2006
70.09 67.14
2007
66.41 59.50
20072.88 72.60
Comparison of New and PreviousDatasets
New dataset Previous dataset
Year # Effort Weight Nominal # Effort Weight Nominal
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trips (kgs) CPUE trips (kgs) CPUE
2003
757 11945 235739 19.74 743 10697 224785 21.01
2004
1071 13792 237260 17.20 1063 13680 237070 17.33
2005
1431 15094 277620 18.39 1408 15010 277885 18.51
2006
1518 14932 358805 24.03 1490 14839 359154 24.20
2007
1054 11185 199365 17.82 1040 11253 200583 17.82
2008
1217 11974 244268 20.40 1216 12072 253499 21.00
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New sGSL Dataset (2003-2015)
• Designed for consistency with SWNS dataset• Added fields to better understand fishing
patterns and calculate effort (e.g., port sailed,licence id)
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• Incorporated additional sources for validation/substitution (e.g., catch notification call, tunasummary landing)
• Included 5 missing trips
Initial Attempts to Calculate Effort
• Compiled key information (e.g., portcoordinates, time at sunrise/sunset)
• Developed rules to calculate effort (e.g., how toremove nights and steaming time)
• Complete for one day trips
Effort = trip length – time not spent targeting Bluefin
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New Logbook Design ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA LOG DOCUME
YEAR/ANNÉE
JOURNAL DE BORD POUR LE THONROUGE
A. GENERALINFORMATION RENSEIGNEMENTSGENERAUX B.
HOME MANAGEMENTAREA
C. HAIL AND LANDING INFORMATION/ RAPPORT PAR RADIO ET INFORMATION SUR LEDÉBARQUEMENT
RENSEIGNMENTSGÉNÉRAUX
ZONE DE GESTION DUPERMIS Y / A
M/
M
VESSELNAME NOM DUBATEAU
DATESAILED DATEDEDÉPART
HR.
MI
N.
VESSELVRN NEB
GNB
PEI
SMB
TIMESAILED HEUREDEDÉPART
AM
N-B(G)
I-P-E BSM PM
LICENCE# NO DEPERMIS
GNS
PORTSAILED PORTDUDÉPART
N-E(G)
HAIL OUTCONFIRMATION # NO DECONFIRMATIONDE PRÉAVIS DEDÉPART
NF
QC
SF
WHARFSAILED QUAIDEDÉPART
T-N QC SF
HAIL IN CONFIRMATION # NO DECONFIRMATION DE PRÉAVIS
DRAFT
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DE RETOUR
Improvements to Logbook
1. Restructured fields (trip → set)
➢ Total hours fished, Gear used, size and make ofhook, # of lines fished, gauge of monofilament,bait used (species), position of fishing, statisticalunit area
2. Added fields
➢ Set #, Null set (Y/N), # by-catch, Strategy, Baitcondition, Other logs completed
3. Deleted fields
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1. Modified instructions
➢ Ensured all fields are mentioned, improved uncleardefinitions
E. CATCH INFORMATION
ON THIS PORTION OF THE DOCUMENT, EACH LINE SHOULD CONTAIN INFORMATION ON ONE BLUEFIN TUNA CAUGHT, ONE BY-CATCH SPECIES CAUGHT, OR A NO
CATCH SET. RECORD ALL POSSIBLE INFORMATION FOR NO CATCH SETS. ALL FISH CAUGHT AND ALL FISH CAUGHT AND DISCARDED IN A TRIP SHOULD BE
ENTERED. FOR DISCARDED FISH, INDICATE IF THEY ARE RELEASED DEAD OR ALIVE IN COMMENTS. IF THERE IS NOT ENOUGH SPACE FOR ALL FISH CAUGHT
AND/OR NO CATCH SETS, PLEASE USE ADDITIONAL SHEETS. RECORD SET # SEQUENTIALLY, BEGINNING WITH 1. DATE AND START TIME CORRESPOND TO THE
BEGINNING OF A SET, WHEN FISHING GROUNDS HAVE BEEN REACHED. A SET ENDS (END TIME) WHEN FISH ARE HOOKED / HARPOONED, SEARCHING CEASES, OR
THERE IS A PAUSE IN FISHING (E.G., TO CHANGE GEAR). A SET DOES NOT INCLUDE STEAMING TIME, SWIMMING OR FIGHTING FISH, OR FISHING FOR BAIT. FOR
SETS WITH CATCH, RECORD THE SPECIES CAUGHT (I.E. BLUEFIN, BIGEYE, YELLOWFIN, ALBACORE), THE ENFORCEMENT TAG NUMBER FOR BLUEFIN TUNA (BFT
TAG #), AND THE COUNT OF OTHER SPECIES CAUGHT (# BY-CATCH). IF NO FISH WERE CAUGHT DURING A SET, PUT A CHECKMARK IN THE NO CATCH SET
COLUMN. RECORD THE LOCATION WHERE FISH WERE CAUGHT OR THE APPROXIMATE LOCATION WHERE MOST FISHING OCCURRED DURING A NO CATCH SET INPOSITION OF FISHING AND STATISTICAL UNIT AREA (SEE MAP ON PAGE 4 FOR UNIT AREAS). FOR POSITION OF FISHING, ENSURE THAT THE LATITUDE AND
LONGITUDE ARE NOTED IN DEGREES MINUTES SECONDS (DDMMSS). FOR EACH SET, SPECIFY THE GEAR USED (TENDED LINE, ROD AND REEL, ELECTRIC
HARPOON, TRAP), FISHING STRATEGY (CHUMMING, TROLLING), HOOK SIZE, HOOK TYPE, # OF LINE FISHED, GAUGE OF MONOFILAMENT OF LEADER LINE,BAIT USED SPECIES AND BAIT USED CONDITION (LIVE, DEAD, ARTIFICIAL). RECORD THE ESTIMATED ROUND WEIGHT FOR EACH BLUEFIN TUNA OR BY-CATCH
SPECIES IN KILOGRAMS (KG) IN THE HAIL WEIGHT COLUMN. THESE ARE THE WEIGHTS PROVIDED DURING THE HAIL IN CALL. IF THE FISH IS LANDED ROUND,BOTH THE ROUND AND DRESSED WEIGHTS (IN KG) MEASURED BY THE DOCKSIDE MONITORS SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN ACTUAL WEIGHT. RECORD PRICE PER KG
PROVIDED BY THE BUYER. PROVIDE BOTH FLANK LENGTH AND DRESSED LENGTH IN CENTIMETERS (CM) FOLLOWING THE MEASURING INSTRUCTIONS BELOW.NOTE THAT THE FLANK LENGTH MUST BE TAKEN BEFORE THE FISH IS DRESSED. INCLUDE SURFACE WATER TEMP. (! f) WHERE FISH WERE CAUGHT OR WHERE
MOST FISHING OCCURRED DURING A NO CATCH SET. IN ADDITION TO DISCARDS, THE COMMENTS SECTION SHOULD CONTAIN INFORMATION ON GEAR DETAILS,WEATHER, OTHER SIGHTINGS OF FISH, ETC.
Example section
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COMMENTS, QUESTIONS?The End
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SOME INTERESTING RESULTS
Stock Mixing Science John Graves, VIMSThe extent of movements of school-sized (ages 1-4) bluefin tuna betweenwestern North Atlantic (waters off thecoastal United States) and easternNorth Atlantic (Mediterranean Sea)using organochlorine pollutantcompounds as biogeochemical tracers . Approximately, 30% of school-agedbluefin tuna caught in the westernAtlantic are recent migrants. The muchlarger population size of the easternAtlantic stock limits our ability to
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observe west to east migrant fish (i.e.,the probability of catching the one bluefish in the right portion of the graphabove is very low).
Discovery of a Spawning Ground• 2013 July spawning
in the Slope Sea• 6 to 18 days old
larvae• Well outside the
Gulf of Mexico andlater in the year
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PROPOSED FOR 2017
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2017 Work Plan• Abundance indicators
– CPUE for 2017 BFT assessment– CPUE for 2017 SWO assessment (Canadian &
USA/Canadian)– Length-based indicators for SWO and BFT
assessment
• Meetings (~17% of the year plus prep time) • Sampling
– For age composition (ALK)
Potential IGS Projects
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• Stock Origin AnalysisProcess archived samples (~2900) to providemixing rate estimates by age for entire timeperiod of the fishery.
• Bycatch EstimationEstimate discard amounts for Shortfin Mako,Bluefin tuna, Blue Shark, Porbeagle, juvenileSwordfish, Loggerhead and Leatherback turtlesusing approach recommended in the 2016
Potential CA Projects
1. Stock Origin Analysis(43.5K)Process archived samples (~2900) to provide mixingrate estimates by age for entire time period of the
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fishery.1. Isotope analysis ($15.00/sample = 13.5K)2. Genetic analysis ($25.00 to 15/sample = 30K)
2. Diet analysis of 2016 samples
($15.00/sample = 6K)
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