Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

1

Biogas Plant onPhu Quoc -

a feasible option

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

2Current Energy Situation

Phu Quoc (1)

Energy Supply• Grid

– Diesel based– ca. 16.000 MWh/a

(2003),approx. 15% increase per year

– Ca. 21.160 MWh/a (2005)

Old diesel generator

End of grid, (North Phu Quoc)

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

3Current Energy Situation

Phu Quoc (2)

New diesel based power plant

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

4

Current Energy SituationPhu Quoc (3)

• Rural area: - not connected to the grid - small diesel generators

- Example :locations „Xa Bai Thom“ and „Ganh Dau“ (7 villages)

Demand: ca. 1.440MWh/a

(Ca. 2000 households, monthly energy demand per h: 40-80 kWh)

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

5Current Energy Situation

Phu Quoc (4)Price• Grid:

– 1.700 VND/kWh– expexted increase of electricity costs (due to

increase of fuel prices and resulting electricity generation costs of ca. 2000 VND/kWh)

– diesel cost: 2100 VND = 700 VND/kWhelk.

• Rural (not connected to grid, small diesel generators): – 5.000 –20.000 VND/kWh

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

6Suitable substrates for Biogas

from Phu Quoc (1)

Household waste (organic fraction)

Origin: • two major cities:

(Duong Dong and An Thoi)

Quantity: • 0,53 kg waste/ day/person• 80.000 Inhabitants Duong

Dong/ An Thoi (Prognosis for next years)

Ca. 15,5 million kg waste

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

7Suitable substrates for Biogas

from Phu Quoc (1)Household Waste

characteristics• ca. 50 % Dry

Substance (DS)• ca. 80% organic Dry

Substance (oDS)

Biogas yield from household waste

• ca. 0,35 m³ biogas /kg waste oDS

= 0,14 m³ biogas/kg wet waste (OS)

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

8Energy production from

household waste from Phu QuocTotal energy content of 15,5 million kg household wastefrom Phu Quoc• Ca. 13.000 MWh/a

(= ca. 1,3 mio liter Diesel)

Netto surplus electricity production

• Ca. 4.100 MWh/a (considering generator efficiency of 35%, auxiliary energy consumtion10%)= 470 kWh

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

9Possible Sites for a biogas plant (1)

• site near planned landfill, Xa Bai Thom (North Phu Quoc)

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

10Possible Sites for a biogas plant

(2)• Site near new Power Plant (near Duong Dong)

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

11Possible Process Technology

Liquid fermentation process ?

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

12

Biogas plant, Radeberg• Co-fermentation of clarification

sludge and biowasteSource: Bio-Verwertungsgesellschaft Radeberg

mbH

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

13Dry fermentation in concrete container

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

14Dry fermentation in concrete container

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

15Possible Process Technology

Dry fermentation process

Heat

Sec. rawmaterialfertiliser(agriculture)

Block heat andpower plant Electricity

CO2

FermenterCompost

screening andrefining

Composting

Biowaste

Gas processing

Condensate

Bunker

Leachte

Interferringsubstances

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

16BEKON plant, Pilot plant

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

17BEKON plant, Pilot plant

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

18BEKON plant, Pilot plant

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

19BEKON plant, Pilot plant

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

13.0

7.20

04

15.0

7.20

04

17.0

7.20

04

19.0

7.20

04

21.0

7.20

04

23.0

7.20

04

25.0

7.20

04

27.0

7.20

04

29.0

7.20

04

31.0

7.20

04

02.0

8.20

04

04.0

8.20

04

06.0

8.20

04

08.0

8.20

04

10.0

8.20

04

12.0

8.20

04

14.0

8.20

04

16.0

8.20

04

18.0

8.20

04

20.0

8.20

04

22.0

8.20

04

24.0

8.20

04

26.0

8.20

04

28.0

8.20

04

30.0

8.20

04

Datum

% C

H4

bzw

.° C

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

ppm

Methan [% CH4]Temperatur [°C]H2S [ppm]

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

20Biogas production

Source: Bekon Energy Technology GmbH & Co KG

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 10 20 30 40 50 60Zeit [d]

Gas

prod

uktio

n [N

m³/h

]

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

21Biogas production

Source: Bekon Energy Technology GmbH & Co KG

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

22BEKON plant, Pilot plant

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

23Economic feasibility

• diesel cost: 2100 VND = 700 VND/kWhelk

• .......................

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

24Benefits of Biogas in Phu Quoc

• Cost effective, decentralised energy production – Reduction of energy price– Reliable electrification of villages– Independent from import fuels

• Environmental benefits– Reduction of ground water pollution and smell,

by pre-treatment of waste prior landfilling – CO2-Reduction by utilising organic content of waste (CO2-neutral)– Reduction of air and noise pollution (from generators)– Clean Island

• Economic benefit– Attractiveness for tourists– Infrastructure– Jobs

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

25Funding available

News: Funding granted for subsequent project

„RENEW“ - Feasbility study for Biogas and Biomass Combution for Phu Quoc, Vietnam– EC-ASEAN Energy Facility-Programme– 50 % funding– Start: ca. January 2005 – ca. December 2006

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

26Next steps

• Goal: Implementation of a biogas plant

Looking for finance and funding from EC or others

Looking for Vietnamese co-financing