Biogas Plant on Phu Quoc - a feasible option

Martin Wittmaier, Susanne Findeisen, Bjoern Sawilla

1

Biogas Plant onPhu Quoc -

a feasible option


2Current Energy Situation

Phu Quoc (1)

Energy Supply• Grid

– Diesel based– ca. 16.000 MWh/a

(2003),approx. 15% increase per year

– Ca. 21.160 MWh/a (2005)

Old diesel generator

End of grid, (North Phu Quoc)



Phu Quoc (2)

New diesel based power plant


4

Current Energy SituationPhu Quoc (3)

• Rural area: - not connected to the grid - small diesel generators

- Example :locations „Xa Bai Thom“ and „Ganh Dau“ (7 villages)

Demand: ca. 1.440MWh/a

(Ca. 2000 households, monthly energy demand per h: 40-80 kWh)



Phu Quoc (4)Price• Grid:

– 1.700 VND/kWh– expexted increase of electricity costs (due to

increase of fuel prices and resulting electricity generation costs of ca. 2000 VND/kWh)

– diesel cost: 2100 VND = 700 VND/kWhelk.

• Rural (not connected to grid, small diesel generators): – 5.000 –20.000 VND/kWh


6Suitable substrates for Biogas

from Phu Quoc (1)

Household waste (organic fraction)

Origin: • two major cities:

(Duong Dong and An Thoi)

Quantity: • 0,53 kg waste/ day/person• 80.000 Inhabitants Duong

Dong/ An Thoi (Prognosis for next years)

Ca. 15,5 million kg waste


7Suitable substrates for Biogas

from Phu Quoc (1)Household Waste

characteristics• ca. 50 % Dry

Substance (DS)• ca. 80% organic Dry

Substance (oDS)

Biogas yield from household waste

• ca. 0,35 m³ biogas /kg waste oDS

= 0,14 m³ biogas/kg wet waste (OS)


8Energy production from

household waste from Phu QuocTotal energy content of 15,5 million kg household wastefrom Phu Quoc• Ca. 13.000 MWh/a

(= ca. 1,3 mio liter Diesel)

Netto surplus electricity production

• Ca. 4.100 MWh/a (considering generator efficiency of 35%, auxiliary energy consumtion10%)= 470 kWh


9Possible Sites for a biogas plant (1)

• site near planned landfill, Xa Bai Thom (North Phu Quoc)


10Possible Sites for a biogas plant

(2)• Site near new Power Plant (near Duong Dong)


11Possible Process Technology

Liquid fermentation process ?


12

Biogas plant, Radeberg• Co-fermentation of clarification

sludge and biowasteSource: Bio-Verwertungsgesellschaft Radeberg

mbH


13Dry fermentation in concrete container


14Dry fermentation in concrete container


15Possible Process Technology

Dry fermentation process

Heat

Sec. rawmaterialfertiliser(agriculture)

Block heat andpower plant Electricity

CO2

FermenterCompost

screening andrefining

Composting

Biowaste

Gas processing

Condensate

Bunker

Leachte

Interferringsubstances


16BEKON plant, Pilot plant



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Datum

% C

H4

bzw

.° C

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ppm

Methan [% CH4]Temperatur [°C]H2S [ppm]


20Biogas production

Source: Bekon Energy Technology GmbH & Co KG

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60Zeit [d]

Gas

prod

uktio

n [N

m³/h

]


21Biogas production

Source: Bekon Energy Technology GmbH & Co KG


23Economic feasibility

• diesel cost: 2100 VND = 700 VND/kWhelk

• .......................


24Benefits of Biogas in Phu Quoc

• Cost effective, decentralised energy production – Reduction of energy price– Reliable electrification of villages– Independent from import fuels

• Environmental benefits– Reduction of ground water pollution and smell,

by pre-treatment of waste prior landfilling – CO2-Reduction by utilising organic content of waste (CO2-neutral)– Reduction of air and noise pollution (from generators)– Clean Island

• Economic benefit– Attractiveness for tourists– Infrastructure– Jobs


25Funding available

News: Funding granted for subsequent project

„RENEW“ - Feasbility study for Biogas and Biomass Combution for Phu Quoc, Vietnam– EC-ASEAN Energy Facility-Programme– 50 % funding– Start: ca. January 2005 – ca. December 2006


26Next steps

• Goal: Implementation of a biogas plant

Looking for finance and funding from EC or others

Looking for Vietnamese co-financing

Biogas Plant on Phu Quoc - a feasible option

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