Post on 14-Jul-2015
WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION ?
CLASSIFICATION - THE PROCESS OF
ORGANISMS ON THE BASIS OF
SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCES.
ARISTOTLE
• Father of Biology
born 384 BC,Srafira,Chaladice,Greece.
died 322BCEuboea,Geek
nationality Greek
era Ancient philosophy
region Western philosophy
school •Peripete•Aristotelianismschool
•Father of Biology
CONTRIBUTIONS
Classified both plants and animals into red blooded and non-red blooded His publications includes physics, metaphysics etc
Greek philosopher.
divided organisms into 2 groups - plants
and animals.
divided animals into blood and bloodless.
also divided animals into 3 groups
according to how they moved - walking,
flying, or swimming (land, air, or water)
his system was used into the 1600's
CONTRIBUTIONS OF ARISTOTLE
Contributions of Charakan
Classified 200 animals and 340
plants
Famous publication is
Charakasamhitha
Famous ayurveda physician
Other books includes cause of
diseases
CARL LINNEAUS
Born 23 May 1707Stenbrohultparish
Died 10 January 1778 (aged 70)HammarbyDanmarkparish (outside Uppsala), Sweden
Residence Sweden
Nationality swedish
Fields BotanyBiologyZoology
Contributions of Karl Linneaus
He classified plants
First publication is ‘Systema naturae’ in 1735
Other publication is Genera planterumThe first edition of Systema Naturae was printed in the
Netherlands in 1735.
it classified 4,400 species of animals and 7,700 species of
plants.
These binomials could serve as a label to refer to the
species.
Although the system, now known as binomial nomenclature,
Linnaeus was the first to use it consistently throughout the
work, including in monospecific genera, and may be said to
have popularised it within the scientific community.
JOHN RAY
Life span:1627-1705Born 29 November 1627Black Notley, near Braintree
Died 17 January 1705 (aged 77)Black Notley
Nationality English
Fields Botany, Zoology, Natural history, Natural theology
Academic advisors James Duport
Contributions of john ray
He published important works on Botany,zoology,
and Natural theology.
His classification of plants in his Historia Plantarum,
was an important step towards modern taxonomy.
Ray rejected the system of dichotomous division by
which species were classified according to a pre-
conceived, either/or type system, and instead
classified plants according to similarities and
differences that emerged from observation.
Thus he advanced scientific empiricism against the
deductive rationalism of the scholastics.
He was the first to give a biological definition of the
term species
Contributions of john ray
Laid the foundation of classification.
Approximately 18,600 plants were recorded in
the book ‘Historia Generalis planterum’.
He classified plants as flowering,
dicots,monocots etc.
He first used the term ‘Species’.
CONCLUSION
The four scientist in classification are
Aristotle
Karl linneaus
Charakan
John ray
Through this powerpoint presentation, the
classification of these scientists are presented in a
simple way.
REFERENCE
• www. Wikipedia.com• SCERT textbook standard VIII• Google•Encyclopædia Britannica (2008). The Britannica Guide to the 100 Most Influential Scientists. Running Press.