MICROBIOLOGY TASK

MICROBIA ON ESTUARY WATER

Arranged by:

1.Nur Laely Mubarokah2.Lita Purnamasari

3.Andhis Exsa Seftilian4.Anindita safitri

5.Rizqi Nur Amalia

What is estuary?

Estuary is a buffer zone where freshwater meets saltwater

Urban and farm sewage flow into coastal areas and estuaries. These waste waters, which are not always well depurated, contain many bacteria, some of which are fecal and pathogenic for man. After being discharged into the sea, some of these sewage bacteria are diluted and carried seaward.

estuarine system is extremely complicated and dynamic.

Plummer et al.(1987) clearly indicate that three groups of bacteria occur in estuarine waters:

(1) free-living bacteria(2) bacteria attached(3) bacteria able to settle

The abundance and occurrence of a special group of bacteria, capable of solubilizing or mobilizing insoluble phosphates were studied in estuarine environment, especially in sediments (A. Mukherjee, 2011)

• The estuarine part of the River Ganges, is one of the most dynamic, complex and vulnerable bioclimatic zones in a typical geographical location in the coastal region of Bay of Bengal. Samples were collected from 15 stations along there

And all of the stations have many microbes which living there

• Serial dilution of the samples were made with sterile water of appropriate salinities and plated

in sterile petridishes containing Pikovskaya’s Agar

Present investigation reveals that phosphate solubilizing bacteria and phosphatase activity exists in estuarine.

Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella and Escherichia coli (Enterobacteriaceae) also indicated on estuary, it based on Colwell eksperiment on 1983.

the estuary have large populations of sulfide-type magnetic bacteria such as Aquaspirillum serpens, A. dispar and A. itersoni (Dr. Richard P. Blakemore, 1990)

Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)

The technique for monitoring microbial diversity

The goals are:

(1)Understand the geographic pattern of sediment bacterial community in different layers alongestuary; (2) Identify the major bacterial phylogenetic groups and their diversity based on culture independent; and (3) Assess the impacts of environmental changes such as nutrient variations on the microbial community structure using multivariate analysis.

Referrence A. Mukherjee et al.2011. Abundance and occurrence of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and phosphatase in sediment of hooghly estuary, north east coast of bay of Bengal, India . Journal of Coastal Development ISSN : 1410-5217 15 ( 1): 9 – 16

Blakemore, Dr. Richard P.________ Isolation and growth of wild-type and mutant Magnetic bacteria. Blakemore; N00014-90-J- 1053; (cont'd)

M. Pommepuy et al. Enteric bacteria surviv al Factors. Wat. Sci. Tech. 25(12):93-103

Rich,Jeremy J.2008.Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Anammox) in Chesapeake Bay Sediments. Microb Ecol 55:311–320

Sudhanandh et al.2012. Distribution of potentially pathogenic enteric bacteria in coastal sea waters along the Southern Kerala coast, India. J. Environ. Biol.33, 61-66

Sun, Fu-Lin.2012. Spatial and vertical distribution of bacteria in the Pearl River estuary sediment. African Journal of Biotechnology 11(9:2256-2266

Ward, Bess B.2007. Ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community composition in estuarine and oceanic environments assessed using a functional gene microarray. Environmental Microbiology 9(10), 2522–2538

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