Post on 26-Jun-2015
Angiospermae Reproduction and Contorls
UNIVERSITAS PALANGKA RAYAPROGRAM PASCA SARJANA
PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGITAHUN 2014
SRI WIDODIANTONIM ACD 213 002
Angiospermae fruits
Klasifikasi filogeni tumbuhan
Radiation of
flowering plants
Ch
aro
ph
yc
ea
ns (
se
ke
lom
po
k d
en
ga
n a
lga
hija
u)
Bry
op
hyte
s (
Lu
mu
t)
Tu
mb
uh
an
be
rpe
mb
ulu
h t
ak
be
rbiji
(Pte
ryd
op
hyta
P
ak
u)
Gym
no
sp
erm
(eg
c
on
ife
r)
Tumbuhan berbiji pertama
Tumbuhan berpembuluh pertama
Tumbuhan nenek moyang
PLANTAE
TAKBERPEMBULUH BERPEMBULUH
PTERIDOPHYTA
(tumb paku)
BRYOPHYTA
(tumb lumut)
SPERMATOPHYTA
(tumb berbiji)
Pengelompokan Plantae
SPERMATOPHYTA
GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE
PINOPHYTA
GNETOPHYTA
CYCADOPHYTA
GINKGOPHYTA
DICOTILMONOCOTIL
Lanjutan
ANGIOSPERMAE
CIRI-CIRI
bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya
bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam
bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik
bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek
bull Adanya pembuahan ganda
Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Angiospermae fruits
Klasifikasi filogeni tumbuhan
Radiation of
flowering plants
Ch
aro
ph
yc
ea
ns (
se
ke
lom
po
k d
en
ga
n a
lga
hija
u)
Bry
op
hyte
s (
Lu
mu
t)
Tu
mb
uh
an
be
rpe
mb
ulu
h t
ak
be
rbiji
(Pte
ryd
op
hyta
P
ak
u)
Gym
no
sp
erm
(eg
c
on
ife
r)
Tumbuhan berbiji pertama
Tumbuhan berpembuluh pertama
Tumbuhan nenek moyang
PLANTAE
TAKBERPEMBULUH BERPEMBULUH
PTERIDOPHYTA
(tumb paku)
BRYOPHYTA
(tumb lumut)
SPERMATOPHYTA
(tumb berbiji)
Pengelompokan Plantae
SPERMATOPHYTA
GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE
PINOPHYTA
GNETOPHYTA
CYCADOPHYTA
GINKGOPHYTA
DICOTILMONOCOTIL
Lanjutan
ANGIOSPERMAE
CIRI-CIRI
bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya
bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam
bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik
bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek
bull Adanya pembuahan ganda
Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Klasifikasi filogeni tumbuhan
Radiation of
flowering plants
Ch
aro
ph
yc
ea
ns (
se
ke
lom
po
k d
en
ga
n a
lga
hija
u)
Bry
op
hyte
s (
Lu
mu
t)
Tu
mb
uh
an
be
rpe
mb
ulu
h t
ak
be
rbiji
(Pte
ryd
op
hyta
P
ak
u)
Gym
no
sp
erm
(eg
c
on
ife
r)
Tumbuhan berbiji pertama
Tumbuhan berpembuluh pertama
Tumbuhan nenek moyang
PLANTAE
TAKBERPEMBULUH BERPEMBULUH
PTERIDOPHYTA
(tumb paku)
BRYOPHYTA
(tumb lumut)
SPERMATOPHYTA
(tumb berbiji)
Pengelompokan Plantae
SPERMATOPHYTA
GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE
PINOPHYTA
GNETOPHYTA
CYCADOPHYTA
GINKGOPHYTA
DICOTILMONOCOTIL
Lanjutan
ANGIOSPERMAE
CIRI-CIRI
bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya
bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam
bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik
bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek
bull Adanya pembuahan ganda
Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
PLANTAE
TAKBERPEMBULUH BERPEMBULUH
PTERIDOPHYTA
(tumb paku)
BRYOPHYTA
(tumb lumut)
SPERMATOPHYTA
(tumb berbiji)
Pengelompokan Plantae
SPERMATOPHYTA
GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE
PINOPHYTA
GNETOPHYTA
CYCADOPHYTA
GINKGOPHYTA
DICOTILMONOCOTIL
Lanjutan
ANGIOSPERMAE
CIRI-CIRI
bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya
bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam
bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik
bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek
bull Adanya pembuahan ganda
Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
SPERMATOPHYTA
GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE
PINOPHYTA
GNETOPHYTA
CYCADOPHYTA
GINKGOPHYTA
DICOTILMONOCOTIL
Lanjutan
ANGIOSPERMAE
CIRI-CIRI
bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya
bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam
bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik
bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek
bull Adanya pembuahan ganda
Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
ANGIOSPERMAE
CIRI-CIRI
bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya
bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam
bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik
bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek
bull Adanya pembuahan ganda
Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Review of an idealized flower
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Lily
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Types of Flowers
bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)
bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs
bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens
bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens
bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant
bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Pyrethrum a composite flower
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Sunflower
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Pollination modes
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Penyerbukan dan pembuahan
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Genetic basis of self-incompatibility
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
The development of a dicot plant embryo
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Seed structure
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Seed germination
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Controls
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
An Overview of Plant Hormones
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Early experiments of phototropism
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Structure of a phytochrome
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Biological clocks
Photoperiodic control of flowering
Photoperiodic control of flowering