Angiospermae Reproduction and Contorls

UNIVERSITAS PALANGKA RAYAPROGRAM PASCA SARJANA

PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGITAHUN 2014

SRI WIDODIANTONIM ACD 213 002

Angiospermae fruits

Angiospermae fruits

Klasifikasi filogeni tumbuhan

Radiation of

flowering plants

Ch

aro

ph

yc

ea

ns (

se

ke

lom

po

k d

en

ga

n a

lga

hija

u)

Bry

op

hyte

s (

Lu

mu

t)

Tu

mb

uh

an

be

rpe

mb

ulu

h t

ak

be

rbiji

(Pte

ryd

op

hyta

P

ak

u)

Gym

no

sp

erm

(eg

c

on

ife

r)

Tumbuhan berbiji pertama

Tumbuhan berpembuluh pertama

Tumbuhan nenek moyang

PLANTAE

TAKBERPEMBULUH BERPEMBULUH

PTERIDOPHYTA

(tumb paku)

BRYOPHYTA

(tumb lumut)

SPERMATOPHYTA

(tumb berbiji)

Pengelompokan Plantae

SPERMATOPHYTA

GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE

PINOPHYTA

GNETOPHYTA

CYCADOPHYTA

GINKGOPHYTA

DICOTILMONOCOTIL

Lanjutan

ANGIOSPERMAE

CIRI-CIRI

bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya

bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam

bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik

bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek

bull Adanya pembuahan ganda

Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle

Review of an idealized flower

Lily

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

PLANTAE

TAKBERPEMBULUH BERPEMBULUH

PTERIDOPHYTA

(tumb paku)

BRYOPHYTA

(tumb lumut)

SPERMATOPHYTA

(tumb berbiji)

Pengelompokan Plantae

SPERMATOPHYTA

GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE

PINOPHYTA

GNETOPHYTA

CYCADOPHYTA

GINKGOPHYTA

DICOTILMONOCOTIL

Lanjutan

ANGIOSPERMAE

CIRI-CIRI

bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya

bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam

bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik

bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek

bull Adanya pembuahan ganda

Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle

Review of an idealized flower

Lily

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

SPERMATOPHYTA

GYMNOSPERMAE ANGIOSPERMAE

PINOPHYTA

GNETOPHYTA

CYCADOPHYTA

GINKGOPHYTA

DICOTILMONOCOTIL

Lanjutan

ANGIOSPERMAE

CIRI-CIRI

bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya

bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam

bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik

bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek

bull Adanya pembuahan ganda

Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle

Review of an idealized flower

Lily

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

ANGIOSPERMAE

CIRI-CIRI

bull Ada bunga yang sesungguhnya

bull Ada daun-daun yang pipih lebar dengan susunan yang beraneka ragam

bull Bakal bijibiji tidak tampakkarena terbungkus suatu badan yang berasal dari daun buah yaitu putik

bull Selisih antara penyerbukan dan pembuahan relatif pendek

bull Adanya pembuahan ganda

Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle

Review of an idealized flower

Lily

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Simplified overview of angiosperm life cycle

Review of an idealized flower

Lily

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Review of an idealized flower

Lily

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Lily

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Types of Flowers

bull Complete ndash have all four organs (sepals petals stamens carpels)

bull Incomplete ndash Lack one or more organs

bull Bisexual ndash has carpels and stamens

bull Unisexual ndash has carpels or stamens

bull Monoeicous ndash stamens and carpels located on same plant

bull Dioecious ndash carpels and stamens located on different plants

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Pyrethrum a composite flower

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Sunflower

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

The development of angiosperm gametophytes (pollen and embryo sacs)

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Pollination modes

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Penyerbukan dengan bantuan angin

Penyerbukan dan pembuahan

Penyerbukan oleh serangga dan kelelawar

Growth of the pollen tube and double fertilization

Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls

ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization

Genetic basis of self-incompatibility

The development of a dicot plant embryo

Seed structure

Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Pollen grains have tough ornate and distinctive walls

ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization

Genetic basis of self-incompatibility

The development of a dicot plant embryo

Seed structure

Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

ldquoPinrdquo and ldquothrumrdquo flower types reduce self-fertilization

Genetic basis of self-incompatibility

The development of a dicot plant embryo

Seed structure

Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Genetic basis of self-incompatibility

The development of a dicot plant embryo

Seed structure

Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

The development of a dicot plant embryo

Seed structure

Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Seed structure

Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Mobilization of nutrients during the germination of a barley seed

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Seed germination

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Controls

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Review of a general model for signal-transduction pathways

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

An example of signal transduction in plants the role of phytochrome in the greening response

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

An Overview of Plant Hormones

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Early experiments of phototropism

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Cell elongation in response to auxin the acid growth hypothesis

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Apical dominance with apical bud (left) apical bud removed (right)

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Treating pea dwarfism with a growth hormone

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

The effect of gibberellin treatment on seedless grapes

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Experimental evidence for a flowering hormone(s)

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

A corn leaf recruits a parasitoid wasp as a defensive response to an herbivore an army-worm caterpillar

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Structure of a phytochrome

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Phytochrome a molecular switching mechanism

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Phytochrome regulation of lettuce seed germination

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Biological clocks Example - sleep movements of a bean plant

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Biological clocks

Photoperiodic control of flowering

Photoperiodic control of flowering