ANFS 421POULTRY PRODUCTION

PRIMARY BREEDERS

U. S. Meat Consumption

Per Capita Consumption

0102030405060708090

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Lbs Chicken

Pork

Beef

The Breeders

Parent Breeder Owned by the Integrator Crosses breeds

purchased from a Primary Breeder

Supply Broiler Hatcheries with a constant supply of Hatching Eggs.

Boost Maternal Antibodies for a company’s Poultry Health Program

Primary Breeder An independent

company. Genetically develop

disease resistant poultry that grows faster on less feed and produces higher yields.

Accomplish this by minimizing the potential loss of breeding integrity of the poultry.

Primary Breeder Companies

Consolidation of the Industry Heritage Breeders LLC of Perdue

Farms Cobb Vantress of Tyson Foods Aviagen=Ross and Arbor Acres Hubbard-ISA of Merial

Growth Changes

1920’s 4.7 lbs of feed to produce 1 lb of live weight 2.5 lb Bird Took 18 weeks 25% flock mortality

Today Less than 2 lbs of feed to produce 1 lbs of live

weight 5 lb Bird Takes 7 weeks Less than 5% flock mortality

Reason for Improvements

Nutrition

Health Programs

Poultry management practices

Housing conditions

Genetics

Broilers,Roasters

Parent

Grandparent

Great-Grandparent

Pedigreed2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Genetic Pyramid

A B C D

Ped ♂X ♀ ♂X ♀ ♂X ♀ ♂X ♀

GGP ♂X ♀ ♂X ♀ ♂X ♀ ♂X ♀

GP ♂X ♀ ♂X ♀

Parent ♂X ♀

Broiler or Roaster

The Genetic Puzzle

Broilers,Roasters

Parent

Grandparent

Great-Grandparent

Pedigreed2008

90,000

2010

2011

2012

2009

3 million

105 million

14.2 billion

9,000

Four Years (Generations) for Changes

Broiler Processing Changes

1980 % Processed 67% Whole

birds 33% Cut-up

1990 % Processed 23% Whole birds 67% Cut-up 10% Further

porcessed

Genetic Selection Process

Identify industry needs Define selection traits Develop a modern pedigree

program Set improvement goals Evaluate broiler performance Invest in research

Genetic Gains Done at the Pedigree level

Selection process & Regeneration of birds with superior Genetic Traits

All eggs are identified as to who the father and sometimes mother are. This establishes families

Where Selections are made Hatchery Selection Farm Hen farm. Paper Selections (Based on family data)

Family Establishment

Labeling Eggs

Organizing Eggs at Pedigree Hatchery

Pedigree Hatchery Eggs in the Setting Incubator

Pedigree Baskets in the Hatcher

Pedigree Baskets Divided

Chick Examination

Hatchery Selections

Color of the chick Leg quality Family size Down texture Health Family Data

Recorded Each chick is line

checked

Selection Farm

Feed Conversion Testing

Growth Selection

Weight Conformation Skeletal structure Feed Conversion Health/Livability 160,000 birds placed-

only 35,000 selected Data is recorded on

all birds for family records

Broiler Selection Traits Growth rate Feed conversion Livability Health Heat resistance

Evisceration yield Part & meat yield Carcass fat Leg & skeletal

strength/confirmation

Breast confirmation

Example of Desired Weights

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Weeks of Age

Lbs. Males

Females

Blackout Farm

Birds arrive at 8 weeks

Must be converted from a Broiler to a Breeder.

Gains are less then .75 lbs. over the period of 13 week

Houses are managed the same as in parent breeders

Birds must be hand fed.

Blackout Farm Pens

Layer Testing Farm

Breeder Selection at Layer Farm

Trap nesting

Every egg identified & recorded in computer

Family egg production

Egg Quality

Best Families moved to Pedigree pens

35,000 birds selected but only 7,000 (20%)=Pedigree. Remainder = foundation stock

Layer Farm Pens

Layer Farm Biosecurity

More Biosecurity

High Yield Broiler

It is the breed of choice for producing value-added deboned products based on its meat yield, efficiency, broiler performance, and fillet shape. Optimize grow out and processing performance, achieving the highest eviscerated and breast meat yield of all breed options.

Low Cost Broiler

Efficient feed conversion and excellent growth rate provide the competitive advantage of the lowest cost for producers.

This broiler has been bred for robust health and well being and is ideally suited to free range and organic systems as well as less intensive indoor production. It is a colored chicken bred from a rustic brown female and white male, giving the broilers distinctive

Free Range Broiler

Industry Outlook

Annual production is increasing 5% every year. Further processing of chickens is creating many

new markets for poultry Poultry has become a leader in food safety All indicators point toward continued increases

in per capita consumption. Exports are increasing. Dealing with Poor Economy Competing with Energy Markets for feed

ingredients