Post on 08-Jun-2015
description
F R
July2005
GOOGLE acquired Android Inc., a small startup company based in Palo Alto, California, USA.
November2007
Open Handset Alliance (OHA), a business alliance of 79 firms for developing open standards for mobile
devices was formed.
September2008
Google published the entire source code (including network and telephony stacks) under an Apache
License.
October2008
The first commercially phone to run the Android operating system was released
UNDERSTANDING
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NGUNDERSTANDING
DEFIN
ITI
N
Android is a mobile operating based upon a modified version of the Linux kernel.
FEATURES
CONNECTIVITY
MED
IA
H.263 3GPP MPEG-4
H.264 AVC 3GPP MPEG-4
MPEG-4 SP 3GPP
BMP PNG JPEG GIF
AAC LC/LTP AMR-NB MIDIHE-AACv1 AMR-WB OggHE-AACv2 MP3 WAVE
DEV
ELO
PM
EN
T
Google provides a device emulator, tools for debugging, memory and performance profiling.
The integrated development environment (IDE) is provided in Eclipse by using the Android Development Tools (ADT) Plugin.
MIS
CELLA
NEO
US
Android has approximately 3,10,000 applications available for download.
Android has native support for multi-touch
Android supports tethering, which allows a phone to be used as a wireless/wired hotspot
NATIV
EC
OD
E
ARM
Nati
ve C
ode
C++ (Library)
C (Core)
Java (UI)
ARCHITECTURE
Applications are the process through which user give instructions to the system to accomplish task and obtain results.
Android applications can consist of four components:-
• Activities• Services• Broadcast Receivers• Content providers
Applications are saved with extension .apk .
Android applications are written in the Java programming language .
• Application framework provides the resources required for working of the applications.
• Framework is designed to simplify the reuse of components; any application can publish its capabilities and any other application may then make use of those capabilities (subject to security constraints enforced by the framework).
• Framework is designed in the same hierarchy as the java development kit.
• It is available to developers in android software development kit.
Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various components of the Android system. These capabilities are exposed to developers through the Android application framework. It has following components:-
• System C library – A BSD-derived implementation of the standard C system library (libc).
• Media Libraries – It is based on PacketVideo's OpenCORE; the libraries support audio, video and image files.
• SGL - The underlying 2D graphics engine.
• Surface Manager – It manages access to the display subsystem.
• Webkit – A modern web browser engine which powers both the Android browser and an embeddable web view.
• FreeType - Bitmap and vector font rendering.
• SQLite - A powerful and lightweight relational database engine available to all applications.
• Android relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system services.
• The kernel also acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the software stack.
• Android is not linux because it does not implements some of the stand feature and protocols of linux.
• It uses permission based security model.
• Special features like OOM, wakelock have been added to kernel by google.
A virtual machine (VM) is a software implementation of a machine (i.e. a computer) that executes
programs like a physical machine.
TYPES OF VIRTUAL MACHINE
System Virtual MachineProcess Virtual Machine
R1
R2R3
ADVANTAGES It Can run on slow CPU, with little ram & in OS with lesser
or even without swap space
It is optimized to use less space
The interpreter is simplified for faster execution
Dalvik (Register based) take average 47 % less executed VM instruction then JVM (Stack based).
THANK YOU