ANDRAGOGY POWERBy: Christinia Scott

OBJECTIVES

Explore the definition of Andragogy

Review the history of Andragogy

Identify major proponents of Andragogy

Discuss Malcolm Knowles’ contribution to Andragogy

Identify the type of educators who would benefit the most

from Andragogy

ANDRAGOGY’S DEFINITION

Andragogy the art and science of helping adults learn (Knowles, 2011).

ANDRAGOGY’S HISTORY

The term 'andragog

y' was first

authored by

Alexander Kapp

(1833), a German

high school

teacher, but it lay fallow for

many decades (Henschke, 2011)

In the 1920s, another German

, Rosenst

ock-Huessy (1925)

resurrected the term

(Henschke,

2011)

Lindeman (1926) introduced the term

andragogy twice,

and explained it as a

key method

for teaching

adults (Henschke, 2011).

Malcolm

Knowles

acquired the

term in 1966 from

Dusan Savicev

ic (Hensc

hke, 2011)

MAJOR PROPONENTS OF ANDRAGOGYMalcolm Knowles Cyril Houle James MaslowJohn Henschke

Allen Tough Paulo Friere

MALCOLM KNOWLES CONTRIBUTIONS

Six Assumptions

Andragogical Process Model

Learning Contracts

KNOWLES’ SIX ASSUMPTION

Need to Know

Learner’s Self-concept

Learner’s Experience

Readiness to Learn

Orientation to Learning

Motivation to Learn

(Malcolm, 2011)

ANDRAGOGICAL PROCESS MODEL FOR LEARNING

Preparing the learner

Establishing a climate conducive to learning

Creating a mechanism for mutual planning

Formulate appropriate

learning objectives

(Malcolm, 2011)

ANDRAGOGICAL PROCESS MODEL FOR LEARNING(CONT.)

Design a pattern of learning

experiences

Conduct learning experiences with

suitable techniques

Evaluate and rediagnosis

learning needs

(Malcolm, 2011)

LEARNING CONTRACTS

Provide learners freedom to explore the subject matter according to the learners learning style

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All participants know the specific learning outcomes (Goodman & S, 2012)

BENEFITS OF A LEARNING CONTRACT

Students learned a lot with the

learning contract and, the process was motivating

(Litchfield, Mata, & Gray, 2007)

“A learning contract pays off

in enthusiasm and graduation

rates” (Goodman & S, 2012)

Learner discovers how

they learn best

(Mohammed, 2010)

Learners analyze their

learning process

(Mohammed, 2010)

EDUCATORS WHO CAN BENEFIT FROM ANDRAGOGY

Human Resource Development Specialist( Knowles, 1985)

Vocational Instructors/Trainers

Spiritual Educators (Sipe, 2001)

Line Supevisors and Managers (Knowles, 1985)

College Professors

ANY QUESTIONS?

REFRENCES

Bell, C., R, & Friends, a. (1989). Malcolm. Training and Development, 38-43. Goodman, P., & S. (2012, Jan). Shared Expectations. ASEE Prism, pp. 56-56. Henschke, J. A. (2011). Considerations Regarding the Future of Andragogy.

Adult Learning, 34-37. Knowles, M. (1985). Shifting to an HRD Systems Approach. Training and

Development Journal, 24-25. Litchfield, B., Mata, J., & Gray, L. (2007). Engaging General Biology

Students with Learning Contracts. Journal of College Science Teaching, 34-39.

Mohammed, M. R. (2010). Don't Give Me a Fish; Teach Me How to Fish. Adult Learning, 15-18.

Sipe, E. (2001). Adult education in the congregation: an andragogical approach. Lutheran Education, pp. 87-94.