Ancient Greek CivilizationAn outline of the Ancient Greek

Civilization

Greek MythologyTitans

Cronus – Leader of the first generation of titans

Atlas – Titan who carries the world Gaea – Primordial goddess of the

Earth Prometheus – Titan who helped the

gods Mnemosyne – Personification of

memory Rhea – Seen as the mother of the

Olympian gods and goddesses Themis – Personification of divine

order, law, natural law, and custom

Oceanus – Personification of the the World Ocean

Tethys – Mother of the rivers of the world; Wife and sister to Oceanus

Gods (Major) Zeus – God of the sky, lightning, thunder, law,

order, justice Poseidon – God of the sea, earthquakes, storms,

and horses Hades – King of the underworld; God of the dead

and riches Demeter – Goddess of agriculture, fertility,

sacred law and harvest Hera – Queen of the gods; Goddess of marriage,

women and birth Hephaestus – God of fire, and metalworking Dionysus – God of the grape harvest,

winemaking and wine Ares – God of War Athena – Goddess of Wisdom Hestia – Goddess of the hearth, home,

architecture, domesticity, family and the state Aphrodite – Goddess of love, beauty and

sexuality Hermes – Messenger of the gods; Guide to the

underworld; God of thieves and travellers Artemis - Goddess of the hunt and the moon Apollo – God of the sun

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Wars

Greco-Persian War – Series of battles between Persia and the Greek city-states in which the Greeks won

Peloponnesian War – War between Athens and the Peloponnesian League of Sparta and ended with a signing of peace

Messenian Wars – A number of wars between Messenia and Sparta (in 8th, 7th and 4th centuries BC)

Trojan War – Battle between Sparta and the Trojans. The most notable thing in this war was how the Greeks won through the use of a gift, tricking them to take the gift home without knowing that there were warriors inside.

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Art/Architecture

Acropolis of Athens – Found on a high rocky outcrop above the city of Athens. It contains the ruins of several ancient buildings

Temple of Athena Nike – Built between 427-424 BC, to worship Athena in victory; One of the ruins in the Acropolis

Parthenon – Dedicated to the goddess Athena which was built in 447 BC and completed in 438 BC

Erechtheum – Found on the north side of the Acropolis, it was dedicated to both Poseidon and Athena

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Geography

Mountainous Greece is made up

of many mountains

Peninsula Surrounded by:

- Ionian Sea to the West- Mediterranean Sea to the South- Aegean Sea to the East

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People

Socrates – Credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy; Teacher of Plato

Plato – Was a philosopher and a mathematician; Teacher of Aristotle

Aristotle – Wrote about many subjects such as physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logics, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government; Tutored Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great – King of Macedon; Known as one of the greatest, if not the greatest, general of an army ever

Pericles – The most prominent and influential Greek statesman, orator and general of Athens during the Golden Age

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Society and Culture

Governments- Aristocrats- Aeropagus- Cleisthenes

City-States (Major)- Athens – Where Democracy came from- Sparta – Had one of the most powerful armies in the world- Corinth- Argos- Mergara

Social Position- Slave (workers)- Free (citizens of Greece)

Olympics

Running Equestrian Events = horseback riding Pentathlon = Contest featuring five

events- long jump- javelin throwing- discus throwing- stadion- wrestling

History

Neolithic Period = Began 10th millennium BC Bronze Age = When bronze was made and used Minoan Period = From 2700 to 1450 BC Mycenaean Period = Resulted because of the migration of

the Ionians and the Aeolians Dark Ages = From 1100 to 800 BC, presumed to be a result

of the Dorian invasion Archaic Greece = Literacy was lost but they began to use

the Phoenician alphabet, later modifying it into the Greek alphabet

Classical Greece = Politics and polis was very prominent during this time

Hellenistic Period = Started with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC

Mind Map of the Ancient Greek Civilization