Ancient Greek Civilization
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Transcript of Ancient Greek Civilization
Ancient Greek CivilizationAn outline of the Ancient Greek
Civilization
Greek MythologyTitans
Cronus – Leader of the first generation of titans
Atlas – Titan who carries the world Gaea – Primordial goddess of the
Earth Prometheus – Titan who helped the
gods Mnemosyne – Personification of
memory Rhea – Seen as the mother of the
Olympian gods and goddesses Themis – Personification of divine
order, law, natural law, and custom
Oceanus – Personification of the the World Ocean
Tethys – Mother of the rivers of the world; Wife and sister to Oceanus
Gods (Major) Zeus – God of the sky, lightning, thunder, law,
order, justice Poseidon – God of the sea, earthquakes, storms,
and horses Hades – King of the underworld; God of the dead
and riches Demeter – Goddess of agriculture, fertility,
sacred law and harvest Hera – Queen of the gods; Goddess of marriage,
women and birth Hephaestus – God of fire, and metalworking Dionysus – God of the grape harvest,
winemaking and wine Ares – God of War Athena – Goddess of Wisdom Hestia – Goddess of the hearth, home,
architecture, domesticity, family and the state Aphrodite – Goddess of love, beauty and
sexuality Hermes – Messenger of the gods; Guide to the
underworld; God of thieves and travellers Artemis - Goddess of the hunt and the moon Apollo – God of the sun
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Wars
Greco-Persian War – Series of battles between Persia and the Greek city-states in which the Greeks won
Peloponnesian War – War between Athens and the Peloponnesian League of Sparta and ended with a signing of peace
Messenian Wars – A number of wars between Messenia and Sparta (in 8th, 7th and 4th centuries BC)
Trojan War – Battle between Sparta and the Trojans. The most notable thing in this war was how the Greeks won through the use of a gift, tricking them to take the gift home without knowing that there were warriors inside.
WA
RS Example of what happens in a war
Art/Architecture
Acropolis of Athens – Found on a high rocky outcrop above the city of Athens. It contains the ruins of several ancient buildings
Temple of Athena Nike – Built between 427-424 BC, to worship Athena in victory; One of the ruins in the Acropolis
Parthenon – Dedicated to the goddess Athena which was built in 447 BC and completed in 438 BC
Erechtheum – Found on the north side of the Acropolis, it was dedicated to both Poseidon and Athena
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Geography
Mountainous Greece is made up
of many mountains
Peninsula Surrounded by:
- Ionian Sea to the West- Mediterranean Sea to the South- Aegean Sea to the East
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People
Socrates – Credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy; Teacher of Plato
Plato – Was a philosopher and a mathematician; Teacher of Aristotle
Aristotle – Wrote about many subjects such as physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logics, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government; Tutored Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great – King of Macedon; Known as one of the greatest, if not the greatest, general of an army ever
Pericles – The most prominent and influential Greek statesman, orator and general of Athens during the Golden Age
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Society and Culture
Governments- Aristocrats- Aeropagus- Cleisthenes
City-States (Major)- Athens – Where Democracy came from- Sparta – Had one of the most powerful armies in the world- Corinth- Argos- Mergara
Social Position- Slave (workers)- Free (citizens of Greece)
Olympics
Running Equestrian Events = horseback riding Pentathlon = Contest featuring five
events- long jump- javelin throwing- discus throwing- stadion- wrestling
History
Neolithic Period = Began 10th millennium BC Bronze Age = When bronze was made and used Minoan Period = From 2700 to 1450 BC Mycenaean Period = Resulted because of the migration of
the Ionians and the Aeolians Dark Ages = From 1100 to 800 BC, presumed to be a result
of the Dorian invasion Archaic Greece = Literacy was lost but they began to use
the Phoenician alphabet, later modifying it into the Greek alphabet
Classical Greece = Politics and polis was very prominent during this time
Hellenistic Period = Started with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC
Mind Map of the Ancient Greek Civilization