AM () (4-1) · 2011. 8. 20. · FM Discriminator -2 . (Supper Heterodyne) L1 C1 TR1 ( ) 455KHz...

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Transcript of AM () (4-1) · 2011. 8. 20. · FM Discriminator -2 . (Supper Heterodyne) L1 C1 TR1 ( ) 455KHz...

78

)300,000 /(

)11. (

Modulation.

)valve()oscillator(

)(.

)1-4()(AM

79

RF out

0.01 µF

12 V

10 K

BC546

30-360PF

0.01 µFferrite

transmit

)carrier(

..

)24(AM

oscillator)+(

.)3-4(

)( feed back

)(

30-360pf

80

,

)(.)

(,

.

)1MHz(

)44(

RF Amplifier

.

,

1MHzXtal

1.5k

39k

15k

0.1m

f

L1

L212V

Fer

rite

BC546

RF out

81

)(

RFC

( + )

)Bias(

.)5-4(

C- coupling )

(.

)(.

RF power amplifier

)()3(50

5050

RFC RFC

0.1M

F

.1M

F

18PF

10K

3.9K

100?0.

1MF

22PF27PF6.

8K68

0?

68?

0.01

MF

L1 L2

RF INRF OUT

40PF40PF

2N38662N2219

82

),,(SWR)2. (

3

L1RF)

)64(3W(

). ()(L260pf

50.

AM & FMCW)Continuous

wave(

AMFM

)3/2(.

.

27pf

100?

2N3553

ferriteL1L2

60pf

80pf

0.1m

f12

V

60pf

Antenna

RF IN

83

)74(AM

)84(FM

AM)(

)2N3553(

27pf

100?

2N3553

ferriteL1L2

60pf

80pf

0.1m

f12

V

60pf

Antenna

RF IN

AudioAmp2 w

mic

1MHzXtal

1.5k

39k

15k

0.1m

f

L1

L212V

Fer

rite

BC546

RF out

Pre Amp

Mic

84

)94()(AM

FM

BC546±)(

)104()(FM

85

Receivers

AM & FM AM

,FM)Discriminator(

.IF)Intermediate Frequency(

AM 455 KHzFM 10.7 MHz

455 KHz 42 MHz33.4 MHz

)(38.9 MHz)(5.5 MHz)video(.

)+(,

RF pre Amp)(.

Local oscillator 455KHzAM10.7 OR 9.1MHz

FM

1- 2-

3- +

4- .

IF)

455KHzAM10.7 MHzFM(.

86

)

IF(

1- )(AM2- Discriminator FM

.)Supper Heterodyne(

C1L1

)(TR1

455KHzAMTR2

Oscillator)114(

C2L2.C1C2)(

455KHz1000KHz1455KHz,Mixer

4

RF Out

Oscillator

mixer

RF

Am

plif

ier

C1

C2

L1

L2

TR1

TR2

87

14551000=455 KHz1455+1000=2455 KHz

1000 KHz1455 KHz

IFIntermediate frequency

455KHz455KHz RF

AGCAutomatic Gain Control

.FM10.7MHz

AM

)124(AGC

TR3 TR4

AGCTR1

IF1 IF2 IF3

IF INA

udio

OutD1

C1

88

D1C1 RF

AM

FMDiscriminatorAM

)(.

)0.2V0.3V ()0.6V0.7V(.

)13-4(455KHz

IF

)AM()(

)14-4()Discriminator()FM(.

89

Audio Amplifier

)0.3V(

)1W. (

Push- Pull.

VolumeBassTreble

Echo .

)15-4(Push- Pull

Q5Q6 Q7Push- Pull.

Push Pull

Volume

Q5

Q6

Q7

Speaker

AudioIN

90

Modulation

:

1-CWContinuous wave modulation )Analog(,,

PM,FM,AM

2-Pulse Modulation)Digital(

,,,PAM, PDM / PWM, PCM, DM

3-Coding )Analog()Digital(

,,,ASK,FSK,PSK

4-PLLPhase lock loop

). (

)164(

91

1-CWContinuous wave modulation

AMAmplitude Modulation RF carrier

)(audio frequency) AF(

)73(100%.

)17-4(50,100,150%

30MHz

)(

..

92

SSBSingle side band

6 KHz±3 KHz1MHz1,003,000997,000MHz

6KHz

,USBUpper Side Band

LSBLower Side Band)(.

:

USBLSB

1MHz

999,

800

997,

000

1,00

0,20

0

1,00

3,00

0

400Hz Non Linear Devies

Hz

Hz Hz

Hz

)184(USBLSB

LSBUSB

1060Kz6Kz203Kz

FM.

93

FMRF carrier

)(audio frequency AFoscillator

)8-3(±3KHz15kHz38KHz

FM..,

HFVHF

)Link(.1935.

)19-4(FM

)204(

)(

94

PMphase

)(0°180°

..

)214()Carrier()(.

2-Pulse Modulation

Digital A/DAnalog to Digital .

PAMPulse – Amplitude Modulation

Carrier)()(

)Sampler()Fs 2 fmax(g(t)

.)153(

95

PDM / PTM / PWM / PLMPulse – Duration / Time / Width / Length Modulation

)(

)( Carrier).()153(

Pulse - Position Modulation PPMTsX(t)

)Carrier()(

)()153(

)224(PAM , PDM , PPM

96

Pulse - Code Modulation PCM

[PAM] [Analog to Digital Converter][ADC])Channel(

[DAC]

TCMTrellis – Code Modulation Gottfried Ungerboeck1980

3-Coding

)Analog()Digital(:

ASK Amplitude Shift Keying1)(

)Carrier(0.)163(

FSKFrequency Shift Keying

01)163(.

PSK Phase Shift Keying

10)Carrier wave()163. (

97

)234(ASK,FSK,PSK

Digital Modulation

1-.2-)

. (3-.4-multiplex.5-)repeaters(

.

98

4-PLLPhase lock loop

)Phase()Reference. (PLL

,)Negative

Feedback. (

.

PLL

Phase detectorDC level

Low

pass filterDC Amp

voltage control oscillator) Vco(DC amp ,

bufferVco )output . (

)error signal (VCO

low pass filter DC)DC Amp (.

PLL

)(.

99

,FMVCO) voltage control oscillator(

,DCDCAMFM

PM.

Phasedetector

Lowpassfilter

BufferDCamp

VoltageControl

oscillater

Feedback

PLL

OutputRemote IN

)244(PLL