AIGUAMOLLS ARTIFICIALS PER A LA DEPURACIÓ D’EFLUENTS LÍQUIDS

Aiguamolls artificials per a la depuració de lixiviats de l’horticultura fora de sòl

(Cabrils, 18 de novembre de 2013)

Joan García (UPC, Barcelona)

Objective

To present recent developments and points of view in constructed wetlands

Koh Phi Phi, Thailand

Primary treatment

(septic tank)

Secondary treatment

(horizontal constructed wetlands)

Pretreatment

(screening)

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: conventional setup

Verdú, Lleida, España Verdú, Lleida, Spain

Year

TSS (mg/L)

BOD5 (mg/L)

In Out In Out

2003 200 (140) 10 (8) 120 (77) 5 (2)

2004 150 (60) 19 (11) 88 (29) 9 (5)

2005 250 (340) 22 (20) 230 (190) 16 (12)

2006 110 (80) 15 (10) 110 (40) 12 (6)

2007 330 (270) 24 (12) 250 (120) 15 (7)

2008 270 (170) 20 (20) 230 (120) 11 (6)

Small communities

• Low levels of dissolved oxygen

• No nitrification

• Potential for H2S formation, GHG emissions

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: conventional setup

García et al. (2004)

C2-August

Location

Influent

1 2 3 Effluent

SO

42-, m

g/L

0

50

100

150

200C2-December

Location

Influent

1 2 3 Effluent

C2-June

SO

42-, m

g/L

0

50

100

150

200

250C2-July

D2-August

Location

Influent

1 2 3 Effluent

SO

42-, m

g/L

0

50

100

150

200D2-December

Location

Influent

1 2 3 Effluent

D2-June

SO

42-, m

g/L

0

50

100

150

200

250D2-July

In 1 2 3 Out

The cartridge

Clogged zone

Active zone

The cartridge

Modified from Knowles et al. (2013). Ecol. Eng.

Clogged zone Active

zone

The cartridge

Modified from Knowles et al. (2013). Ecol. Eng.

Clogged zone Active

zone

The cartridge

Modified from Knowles et al. (2013). Ecol. Eng.

Clogged zone Active

zone

The cartridge

Modified from Knowles et al. (2013). Ecol. Eng.

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: vertical flow development

Brix and Arias (2005)

J.J. Salas

Molle et al. (2005)

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: recent developments

Concept of integrated treatment in constructed wetlands

1. Urban wastewater

2. Runoff (overflows)

3. Sludge

4. Reuse

Carrión de los Céspedes, Seville, Spain (Center for New Water Technologies)

Horizontal

subsurface

flow

Vertical flow

Free water

surface flow

Imhoff tank

317 m2

229 m2

240 m2

Phragmites australis

Average flow ~ 14 m3/d

OLR ~ 9.6 g BOD5/m2.d

Wastewater treatment line

Sludge treatment line

Area: 20 m2

Loading regime: 1 time/month

Around 42 kg TS/m2.year

Water tank for water reuse

Receives water from the effluent of constructed wetlands for its reuse Capacity: 20 m3

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: integrated wetland system

Treatment unit

Influent Imhoff VF HSSF FWSWater tankE.

Coli

(log

10 u

nits U

FC

/100 m

L)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

• Its quality fulfills the Spanish guidelines for:

- Recharge of aquifers by percolation through the ground

- Irrigation of green areas non accessible to the public

- Silviculture

Goals of the treatment 1. Produce water with reuse quality

2. Robust systems to treat combined sewer discharges

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: integrated wetland system

Reliability of the system to a storm event of 45 mm in 1 hour (Q= 2,5Qd,avg)

FWS

Time (h)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

mg L

-1)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60TSS

VS

COD

NH4-N

NOx-N

Time (min)

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360

Solid

s (

mg L

-1)

0

200

400

600

800

1000TSS

VS

Ávila et al. (2013) Diclofenac

Ibuprofen Acetaminofen Tonalide

Triclosan

Bisphenol A

WATER TANK

CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS: integrated wetland system

mgCOD l-1

HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA

FERMENTING BACTERIA

1 year 2 years 3 years

MANUAL PARA LA IMPLANTACIÓN DE SISTEMAS DE DEPURACIÓN EN

PEQUEÑAS POBLACIONES. CEDEX-CENTA García, J y Corzo, A. (2009). Depuración con humedales construidos: guía

práctica de diseño, construcción y explotación de sistemas de humedales de flujo subsuperficial. Descarga gratuita en https://upcommons.upc.edu/e-prints/handle/2117/668

Groupe Macrophytes et Traitement des Eaux (2005). Épuration des eaux usees

domestiques par filtres de plantes de macrophytes. Descarga gratuita en http://www.eaurmc.fr/documentation/files/Guide%20Macrophytes.pdf

Kadlec, R.H. y Wallace (2008). Treatment Wetlands. CRC Press, Florida.

REFERENCES

joan.garcia@upc.edu