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Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in Biotech

Cotton and Field Corn

Adapting IPM Strategies to the Evolving Needs in Biotech

Cotton and Field Corn

B. R. LeonardB. R. Leonard

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Technology Enables IPM and

Delivers on the Promise

Technology Enables IPM and

Delivers on the Promise

Insecticides: Application Frequency/Total AI

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Technology Enables IPM and

Delivers on the Promise

Technology Enables IPM and

Delivers on the Promise

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Technology Enables IPM and

Delivers on the Promise

Technology Enables IPM and

Delivers on the Promise

Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider

• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum •• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

Effects of Bollgard on Cotton PestsEffects of Bollgard on Cotton PestsEffects of Bollgard on Cotton Pests

TobaccoTobaccoTobaccoBudwormBudwormBudworm

PinkPinkPinkBollwormBollwormBollworm

EuropeanEuropeanEuropeanCorn BorerCorn BorerCorn Borer

CottonCottonCottonBollwormBollwormBollworm

CabbageCabbageCabbageLooperLooperLooper

SaltmarshSaltmarshSaltmarshCaterpillarCaterpillarCaterpillar

CottonCottonCottonLeaf perforatorLeaf perforatorLeaf perforator

BeetBeetBeetArmywormArmywormArmyworm

FallFallFallArmywormArmywormArmyworm

SoybeanSoybeanSoybeanLooperLooperLooper

YellowstripedYellowstripedYellowstripedArmywormArmywormArmyworm

CutwormsCutwormsCutworms

BeneficialBeneficialBeneficialInsectsInsectsInsects

Non-TargetNonNon--TargetTargetPestsPestsPests

Control Suppression 0% ControlControlControl SuppressionSuppression 0% Control0% ControlSatisfactorySatisfactorySatisfactory

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WideStrike PerformanceWideStrike Performance

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Corn Borer Pests in LACorn Borer Pests in LA

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39

17

26

14

23

47

0

10

20

30

40

50

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

10-Mar 25-Mar 15-Apr

LodgingLodging Yield > DK 697Yield > DK 697

Perc

ent

Perc

ent PercentPercent

Bt Bt vsvs ConventionalConventionalPlanting Dates, 2004Planting Dates, 2004

Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider

• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

• Perception.

•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

•• Perception.Perception.

• Lepidopteran Pressure• Cost of Control• Probability of Failures• Risk Management

• Lepidopteran Pressure• Cost of Control• Probability of Failures• Risk Management

IPM Emphasis on Transgenic Bt CropsIPM Emphasis on Transgenic Bt CropsIPM Emphasis on Transgenic Bt Crops

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4.5

62 22

23

38

8885

85

89

88

89

85

90

Cotton Production Regions% Bt Cotton - 2005

Cotton Production RegionsCotton Production Regions% Bt Cotton % Bt Cotton -- 20052005

73

34

92

Midsouth - 79%Southeast - 88%West - 20%Southwest – 23%

MidsouthMidsouth -- 79%79%Southeast Southeast -- 88%88%West West -- 20%20%Southwest Southwest –– 23%23%Total US Total US -- 52%52%

PinkBollworm T. Budworm

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Bt Corn Planted AcreageBt Corn Planted AcreageBt Corn Planted Acreage

SCB/SWCB/ECB

SCB

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Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider

• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

• Perception.

• IRM.

•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

•• Perception.Perception.

•• IRM.IRM.

Refuge Field

*********************

**********************

One mile or less

One mile or less

One mile or less

80%:20% Sprayed Refuge80%:20% Sprayed Refuge80%:20% Sprayed Refuge

Bt

BtBt

Bt

Bt

Bt

Bt

Bt

Bt

(20%)Sprayed

Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider

• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

• Perception.

• IRM.

• Non-Target Problems.

•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

•• Perception.Perception.

•• IRM.IRM.

•• NonNon--Target Problems.Target Problems.

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Cotton Yield Losses - LA Insect PestsCotton Yield Losses Cotton Yield Losses -- LA Insect PestsLA Insect Pests

Adapted from Williams et al. Insect Losses Reports, BWCC

19951995 20052005

Boll WeevilBoll Weevil HeliothinesHeliothines “Bug” Pests“Bug” Pests Other PestsOther Pests

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Insecticide Application Frequency - LAInsecticide Application Frequency Insecticide Application Frequency -- LALA

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

0

3

6

9

12

15

"Bugs"Total Pests

YearYear

Num

ber o

f App

l. Num

ber of Appl.

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Pest Status of Tarnished Plant Bug Pest Status of Tarnished Plant Bug

• Altern. Hosts as Refuges (C-Till, WRP, CRP)

• Transgenic Bt Cotton

• Boll Weevil Eradication

• Selective Insecticides

• Insecticide Application Efficiency

• Insecticide Resistance

•• Altern. Hosts as Refuges (CAltern. Hosts as Refuges (C--Till, WRP, CRP) Till, WRP, CRP)

•• Transgenic Bt CottonTransgenic Bt Cotton

•• Boll Weevil EradicationBoll Weevil Eradication

•• Selective InsecticidesSelective Insecticides

•• Insecticide Application EfficiencyInsecticide Application Efficiency

•• Insecticide ResistanceInsecticide Resistance

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Moodna bisinuella HampsonA New LA Pest

Moodna bisinuella HampsonA New LA Pest

Issues to ConsiderIssues to ConsiderIssues to Consider

• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

• Perception.

• IRM.

• Non-Target Problems.

• Prospects for the Future.

•• Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum Efficacy and Target Pest Spectrum

•• Perception.Perception.

•• IRM.IRM.

•• NonNon--Target Problems.Target Problems.

•• Prospects for the Future.Prospects for the Future.

Future (3-5 Years)Future (3Future (3--5 Years)5 Years)

• Novel Products / DeliveryTarget Specific.IPM Compatible.Accepted by Industry and Public.

• Challenge: Maintain Performance Through the Logical Use of These Products in an IPM System.

•• Novel Products / DeliveryNovel Products / DeliveryTarget Specific.IPM Compatible.Accepted by Industry and Public.

•• ChallengeChallenge: Maintain Performance : Maintain Performance Through the Logical Use of These Through the Logical Use of These Products in an IPM System.Products in an IPM System.