Post on 13-Jun-2015
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HOW DOES ULTRANATIONALISM
DEVELOP?
When Nationalism Becomes Ultranationalism
Hirohito and Tojo in Japan
EMPEROR HIROHITO
PRIME MINISTER TOJO
Hirohito and Tojo in Japan
Emperor Hirohito Seen as a God who is human Revered by the people Largely ceremonial and representational power of the
Japanese Empire, not really involved in political decision-making
General Tojo Strong warrior family traditions Becomes PM and transforms Japan into a military
dictatorship Promised that Japan would dominate Asia militarily
Mussolini in Italy
Benito Mussolini in Italy
Journalist Starts a political party called Fasci, left-
wing socialist party, then turn right-wing Abolish unions and political parties Curbs the power of the press Coup d`ètat in 1922, seizes power of
government State-controlled economy, pulls Italy out
of Great Depression
Hitler in Germany
Adolf Hitler in Germany
Took control of the National Socialist German Workers` Party (NAZI)
Determined to restore German pride and power
Amazing Public Speaker Use of Propaganda Carefully crafted image Becomes German Chancellor,
establishes one-party state
Factors that Develop Ultranationalism
1. Crisis
2. Expansionist National Interests
3. Charismatic Leadership
4. Instilling Ultranationalist Values and Beliefs
Does Crisis Create Ultranationalism or…
Does Ultranationalism Create Crisis?
Crisis Political Crises
Instability and ineffectiveness External threats to the nation
Economic Crises Financial difficulties of the nation and its citizens Hardship
Social Crises Damages to reputation of peoples Humiliation Threats to the nation existence, both political and
military
What Were Nations Facing After WWI?
Political Situation Treaty of Versailles (and other treaties) National Interests Who got what they wanted? Who didn’t?
Economic Situation Great Depression
Social Situation Unemployment Soldiers coming back from war Rebuilding after War
Great Depression
Worldwide economic collapse Oct 29, 1929 New York Stock Exchange
collapses People lost their money as banks folded Companies closed and laid off workers Governments now had to take care of its
citizens, struggled to do so
Great Depression
Great Depression
The Case of Germany Political Crisis
Economic issues plaque government No effective political leadership
Economic Crisis Great Depression Reparation payments (led to high inflation) Lost colonies
Social Crisis Weakened military = Unemployment for soldiers Fewer exports=Increased Unemployment Destroyed sense of nation
The Case of Germany
http://www.joelscoins.com/exhibger2.htm
The Case of Italy Political Crisis
Weak leadership Lack of a response to new realities of the
world, government was stuck in old ways Economic Crisis
Great Depression Massive National Debt (and high inflation)
Spending 3X more than it was making
Social Crisis High Unemployment Growing sense of nationalism / patriotism
The Case of Italy
The Case of Japan Political Crisis
Dissatisfaction with Japan’s professional politicians Emperor and government start to fall under control
of the military Economic Crisis
Following WWI, Japanese cooperation with Allies was key to economic well being
Great Depression, USA stops importing Japanese products – leads to a collapse in their economy
Failure of rice crop in 1932, widespread famine Social Crisis
Military returns to traditional warrior values Extreme patriotism Desire to have an empire (everyone else got to!)
The Case of Japan
How Did the World Respond?
Appeasement – League of Nations – What was its purpose? Why “appeasement”?
Churchill – “The era of procrastination, of half-measures, of soothing and baffling
expedients, of delays, is coming to a close. In its place we are entering a period of consequences”
“An appeaser is someone who feeds a crocodile… hoping it will eat him last.”
Appeasement
Brainstorm Divide up into groups of 4-6
German Citizens Unemployed Men Soldiers High School Students Politicians Women
The Year is 1938 What are your concerns? What are your ideas/wishes for the nation?
Put It Together
What were the main social, political, and
economic concerns your groups came up with? What do you wish to see change in the society
you are a part of? What concerned all of you most?
Put It Together
Could ultranationalism occur in Canada? Identify 3 things that would have to occur in order
for ultranationalism to occur here
Are We In A Recession?
With a group of four, brainstorm the three biggest luxuries in your life that you will be willing to give up
What is one thing you are NOT willing to give up
What is the main difference
between 2009 and 1929?
2009