4G Wireless Networks

Sharath Kumar NI sem M.Tech, CS&E

Dept of ISE, DSCE.

Outline : History

Limitations of 3G

4G

Why 4G is needed?

Standards

Scope in 4G

Challenges

Conclusion

ReferencesDept of ISE,DSCE

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1G

Implemented in 1980s

Analog Signals

AMPSNMTTACS

HISTORY:

AMPS – Advanced Mobile Phone SystemNMT – Nordic Mobile Telephone TACS – Total Access Communications System

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2G

Implemented in 1991s

Digital Signals

GSMCDMATDMA

(Contd..)

Digital data services such as SMS & email

2.5G: 2.5G is a stepping stone between 2G and 3G cellular wireless

technologies.

Second and a half generation is used to describe 2G-systems that

have implemented a packet switched domain in addition to the

circuit switched domain.

Introduction of General Packet Radio Service(GPRS).

GPRS could provide data rates from 56 kbit/s up to 115 kbit/s. It

can be used for services such as WAP , MMS and for Internet

access.Dept of ISE,DSCE

(Contd..)

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3G

Design started in 1992&

Implemented in 2001

Simultaneous use of speech and data services

CDMA2000UMTSEDGE

Data rates upto 2Mbit/s

(Contd..)

Video on demandVideo conferencing

Mobile Internet accessMobile TV

3G can support multimedia internet type services at high data rates up

to 384kb/s for moving up to 2Mb/s in limited coverage area.

Difficult to roam across distinct service environment in different

frequency bands.

To ensure connection ubiquity together with high bandwidth and

mobility, the network architecture must be heterogeneous rather than

homogeneous.

It is difficult to provide full range of services with different QoS and

performance requirements.

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Limitations of 3G:

4G: 4G has no formal definition yet, but is described as MAGIC

Mobile multimedia

Anytime anywhere

Global mobility support

Integrated wireless solution

Customized personal service

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4G sets the peak download speed at 100Mbit/s for high

mobility devices and 1 Gbit/s for low mobility devices.

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(Contd…)

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Why 4G is needed?

High performance.

Interoperability & easy roaming.

Fully converged services.

Crisis-Management applications.

Devices :more user friendly interface.

Scalability.

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4G wireless standards:

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There are two standards which are considered:

1. LTE (Long Term Evolution):

radio technology designed to increase the

capacity and speed of mobile telephone

networks.

provides downlink peak rates of at least

100 Mbps, an uplink of at least 50 Mbps.

integration with older technology such as

GSM,UMTS,CDMA2000 is easier.

(Contd..)

2. WIMAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) :

is a telecommunications protocol that provides fixed and

fully mobile Internet access.

current WiMAX provides up to 40 Mbit/s with the IEEE

802.16 update expected to offer up to 1 Gbit/s fixed speeds.

802.16e – Mobile WiMAX

802.16d – Fixed WiMAX

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(Contd..)

Scope in 4G:The different technologies suggested to be deployed in 4G

may include:

1. Software Defined Ratio(SDR):

is a radio communication system where components that have

been typically implemented in hardware are instead

implemented by means of software on a personal computer or

embedded computing devices(Fig ).

e.g. mixers, filters, amplifiers, modulators/demodulators,

detectors, etc.

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(Contd..)

Fig .Block diagram of generic SDR

2. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM): is a multi-carrier transmission technique. Multiple messages can be sent in moving a single radio

channel in OFDM using principles of FDM.

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(Contd..)

3. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO):

use of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and

receiver to improve communication performance.

MIMO technology has attracted attention in wireless

communications, because it offers significant increases

in data throughput.

Dept of ISE,DSCE

(Contd..)

Multimode user terminals:

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Challenges:

Security

Selection among various wireless systems

Charging/Billing

Quality of service

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(Contd..)

Recent Developments:

Japanese company NTT DoCoMo, completed a trial of 4G

communication system prototype at 100 Mbit/s while moving and

1 Gbit/s while stationary in February 2007 and is planning on releasing

the first commercial network in 2010.

On December 14, 2009, the first commercial LTE deployment was in the

Stockholm and Oslo by the Swedish-Finnish network operator

TeliaSonera and its Norweigan brand name Netcom.

TeliaSonera branded the network “4G”.

On 5 June 2010, Sprint Nextel released

the first 4G Smartphone, the HTC Evo 4G.

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4G will be an intelligent technology that will interconnect the

entire world seamlessly.

Projected 4G mobile communication system will reduce number

of different technologies to a single global standard.

Technologies are evolving every day and night but the final success

of 4G mobile communication will depend upon the new services

and contents made available to users. These new applications must

meet user expectations, and give added value over existing offers.

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Conclusion:

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www.wikipedia.org

4G as a Next Generation Wireless Network , IEEE paper by Afaq H. Khan, Mohammed A. Qadeer , Juned A. Ansari , Sariya Waheed.

4G Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges by Kaushal P. Makhecha, Kalpesh H. Wandra.

References:

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THANK YOU