4 - 1 Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002 The Law of Demand Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility Total...

Post on 14-Jan-2016

215 views 0 download

Transcript of 4 - 1 Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002 The Law of Demand Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility Total...

4 - 1Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

Consumer Behavior andUtility Maximization

4LECTURE

4 - 2Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

LAW OF DIMINISHINGMARGINAL UTILITY

• Utility Defined• Subjective Nature• Difficult to QuantifyTotal UtilityMarginal Utility

graphically examined...

4 - 3Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

01

010

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 4Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

01

010 10

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 5Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

012

01018

10 8

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 6Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

0123

0101824

10 8 6

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 7Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

01234

010182428

10 8 6 4 Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 8Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

012345

01018242830

10 8 6 4 2

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 9Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

0123456

0101824283030

10 8 6 4 2 0

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 10Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

01234567

010182428303028

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

TU

MU

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

4 - 11Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

TOTAL AND MARGINAL UTILITYTacos

consumedper meal

TotalUtility,Utils

MarginalUtility,Utils

01234567

010182428303028

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

Units consumed per meal

Units consumed per meal

30

20

10

To

tal

Uti

lity

(u

tils

)M

arg

ina

l U

tili

ty (

uti

ls)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

TU

MU

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

ObserveDiminishing

MarginalUtility

4 - 12Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

THEORY OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR

A Typical Consumer...• Exhibits Rational

Behavior• Has Clear-Cut

Preferences• Subject to a Budget

Constraint• Responds to Price

Changes

4 - 13Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

THEORY OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR

Utility Maximizing Rule

The consumer’s money income should be allocated so that the last dollar spent on each product yields the same amount of extra (marginal) utility

illustrated...

4 - 14Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

How should the $10 Income be allocated?

4 - 15Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

Examine the twomarginal utilities

4 - 16Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

Examine the twomarginal utilities

…per dollar

4 - 17Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

Decision: Buy 1Product B for $2

4 - 18Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12Second 8 8 20 10Third 7 7 18 9Fourth 6 6 16 8Fifth 5 5 12 6Sixth 4 4 6 3Seventh 3 3 4 2

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

What next?

4 - 19Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12Second 8 8 20 10Third 7 7 18 9Fourth 6 6 16 8Fifth 5 5 12 6Sixth 4 4 6 3Seventh 3 3 4 2

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

What next?Buy one of each

4 - 20Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12Second 8 8 20 10Third 7 7 18 9Fourth 6 6 16 8Fifth 5 5 12 6Sixth 4 4 6 3Seventh 3 3 4 2

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

and then...($5 left)

4 - 21Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12Second 8 8 20 10Third 7 7 18 9Fourth 6 6 16 8Fifth 5 5 12 6Sixth 4 4 6 3Seventh 3 3 4 2

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

third unit of product B

4 - 22Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12Second 8 8 20 10Third 7 7 18 9Fourth 6 6 16 8Fifth 5 5 12 6Sixth 4 4 6 3Seventh 3 3 4 2

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

$3 left...

4 - 23Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12Second 8 8 20 10Third 7 7 18 9Fourth 6 6 16 8Fifth 5 5 12 6Sixth 4 4 6 3Seventh 3 3 4 2

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

$3 left...Buy both!

4 - 24Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

First 10 10 24 12Second 8 8 20 10Third 7 7 18 9Fourth 6 6 16 8Fifth 5 5 12 6Sixth 4 4 6 3Seventh 3 3 4 2

Unit ofproduct

$ 10 incomeProduct A: Price = $1 Product B: Price = $2

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

Marginalutility,utils

Marginalutility per

dollar(MU/price)

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

Income is gone...the last dollar spent on

each good gave the sameutility (8) per dollar

4 - 25Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

Algebraic Restatement of theUtility Maximization Rule

MU of product A

Price of A

MU of product B

Price of B=

UTILITY MAXIMIZING COMBINATION

4 - 26Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

UTILITY MAXIMIZATION ANDTHE DEMAND CURVE

Create a demand schedule from thepurchase decisions as the price of the product is varied ...

Price per unit of B Quantity Demanded

$2 4 1 6

Graphically…

Deriving the Demand Schedule and Curve

4 - 27Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

UTILITY MAXIMIZATION ANDTHE DEMAND CURVE

Deriving the Demand Schedule and Curve

Quantity Demanded of Good B

Pri

ce p

er u

nit

of

Goo

d B $2

1

0 4 6

DB

4 - 28Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

Indifference Curve Analysis

4LECTURE

APPENDIX

4 - 29Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

A CONSUMER’S PRODUCTINDIFFERENCE

Qu

an

tity

of

A

Quantity of B

12

10

8

6

4

2

02 4 6 8 10 12

Units ofA Price$1.50

Units ofB Price$1.00

TotalExpenditures

8 0 $126 3 124 6 122 9 120 12 12An Indifference

ScheduleCombi-nation

Unitsof A

Unitsof B

j 12 2k 6 4l 4 6m 3 8

j

k

lm

I

4 - 30Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

A CONSUMER’S BUDGET LINE

Units ofA Price$1.50

Units ofB Price$1.00

TotalExpenditures

8 0 $126 3 124 6 122 9 120 12 12

(Attainable)Q

ua

nti

ty o

f A

Quantity of B

12

10

8

6

4

2

02 4 6 8 10 12

(Unattainable)

4 - 31Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

A CONSUMER’S BUDGET LINE

Units ofA Price$1.50

Units ofB Price$1.00

TotalExpenditures

8 0 $126 3 124 6 122 9 120 12 12

(Attainable)Q

ua

nti

ty o

f A

Quantity of B

12

10

8

6

4

2

02 4 6 8 10 12

(Unattainable)An Increase in incomemakes the purchase of more of either or both

items possible

4 - 32Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

A CONSUMER’S BUDGET LINE

Units ofA Price$1.50

Units ofB Price$1.00

TotalExpenditures

8 0 $126 3 124 6 122 9 120 12 12

(Attainable)Q

ua

nti

ty o

f A

Quantity of B

12

10

8

6

4

2

02 4 6 8 10 12

(Unattainable)Price changes cause

a change in the quantitydemanded of the items

4 - 33Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

A CONSUMER’S EQUILIBRIUM POSITION

I1

I2

Qu

an

tity

of

A

Quantity of B

12

10

8

6

4

2

02 4 6 8 10 12

I3

I4

(Attainable)

(Unattainable)

Units ofA Price$1.50

Units ofB Price$1.00

TotalExpenditures

8 0 $126 3 124 6 122 9 120 12 12An Indifference

ScheduleCombi-nation

Unitsof A

Unitsof B

j 12 2k 6 4l 4 6m 3 8

4 - 34Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

What happens if the price of Bincreases to $1.50

PriceB QuantityB

$1.00 6

A CONSUMER’S EQUILIBRIUM POSITION

I3

The budget linerotates reflectingthe reduction inthe quantity of B

units which isattainable

Qu

an

tity

of

A

Quantity of B

12

10

8

6

4

2

02 4 6 8 10 12

4 - 35Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

What happens if the price of Bincreases to $1.50

PriceB QuantityB

$1.00 1.50

63

By recording thevarious quantitiesdemanded at thevarious prices yieldsthe Demand schedule

A CONSUMER’S EQUILIBRIUM POSITION

I2

I3

The budget linerotates reflectingthe reduction inthe quantity of B

units which isattainable

Qu

an

tity

of

A

Quantity of B

12

10

8

6

4

2

02 4 6 8 10 12

4 - 36Copyright McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2002

The Law of Demand

Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility

Total and Marginal Utility

Theory of Consumer Behavior

Utility Maximizing Combination

Utility Maximization and the Demand Curve

Applications and Extensions

Key Terms

PreviousSlide

NextSlide

EndShow

What happens if the price of Bincreases to $1.50

PriceB QuantityB

$1.00 1.50

63

By recording thevarious quantitiesdemanded at thevarious prices yieldsthe Demand schedule

A CONSUMER’S EQUILIBRIUM POSITION

Price of B

Quantity of B

$1.50

1.00

0

2 4 6 8 10 12

DB

Plotting the Points yields the Demand Curve for Product B