Post on 30-Mar-2015
11
NETWORK CABLING
Chapter 2
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 2
TOPOLOGIES
There are three main local area network (LAN) topologies: Bus
Star
Ring
Other network topologies include: Mesh
Wireless
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 3
BUS TOPOLOGY
The bus topology supports thick and thin coaxial segments.
Segments are connected by repeaters.
The bus topology uses the baseband signaling method.
Signals are broadcast in both directions simultaneously.
Both ends of each segment require termination to avoid reflection.
End systems connect to the segment in a linear manner.
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 4
THICK AND THIN COAXIAL BUS
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 5
STAR TOPOLOGY
The star topology can use coaxial, twisted pair, or fiber optic cable.
A central device (hub) connects hubs and nodes to the network. Each node connects to its own dedicated port on
the hub.
Hubs broadcast transmitted signals to all connected devices.
You can connect multiple hubs to form a hierarchical star topology.
The star topology uses the baseband signaling method.
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 6
A SIMPLE STAR TOPOLOGY
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 7
A HIERARCHICAL STAR TOPOLOGY
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 8
RING TOPOLOGY
The ring topology can use twisted pair or fiber optic cabling.
A central device (hub) connects hubs and nodes to the network. Each node connects to its own dedicated port on the
hub.
You can connect multiple hubs to form a larger ring.
The ring topology uses the baseband signaling method.
Frames are transmitted around the ring from node to hub to node.
Media Access Control (MAC) is used for token passing.
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 9
A RING NETWORK
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 10
MESH TOPOLOGY
Typically uses fiber optic cabling for redundant wide area network (WAN) links
Provides multiple paths to destinations for fault tolerance
Supports baseband and broadband signals
Requires an enormous amount of cable
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 11
LAN MESH
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 12
ENTERPRISE MESH
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 13
WIRELESS TOPOLOGY
Cell-based technology that uses unbounded media
Two wireless topologies: Ad hoc
Infrastructure
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 14
AD HOC WLAN
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 15
INFRASTRUCTURE WLAN
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 16
LAN CABLE TYPES
Three cable types are used in LANs: Coaxial
Twisted pair
Fiber optic
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 17
COAXIAL CABLE
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 18
AUI (ATTACHMENT UNIT INTERFACE) CABLE
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 19
THIN ETHERNET HARDWARE
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 20
UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR (UTP) CABLE
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 21
UTP CONNECTORS
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 22
UTP CABLE GRADES
Category Frequency Primary Application
1 Up to 0 MHz Voice networks
2 Up to 1 MHz Voice and low-speed data networks less than 4 Mbps
3 Up to 16 MHz Voice and data networks from 4 to 100 Mbps
4 Up to 20 MHz 16-Mbps Token Ring
5 Up to 100 MHz 100-Mbps Fast Ethernet
5e Up to 100 MHz 1000-Mbps Gigabit Ethernet
6 Up to 250 MHz 1000-Mbps Gigabit Ethernet
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 23
FIBER OPTIC CABLE
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 24
STRAIGHT TIP (ST) CONNECTOR
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 25
STRAIGHT THROUGH AND CROSSOVER WIRING
Wiring within a twisted pair cable is configured as either Straight through, where each wire (or pin) is
attached to the same contact point at each end
Crossover, where transmit contacts on each end of the cable are connected to the receive contact at the other end
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 26
STRAIGHT THROUGH WIRING
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 27
CROSSOVER WIRING
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 28
SUMMARY
The three basic LAN topologies are bus, star, and ring. WLANs are becoming more popular. Mesh networks are not typically used in LANs.
The primary cable types used in LANs are coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optic.