Network Topologies An introduction to Network Topologies and the Link Layer.
11 NETWORK CABLING Chapter 2. Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING2 TOPOLOGIES There are three main local area...
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Transcript of 11 NETWORK CABLING Chapter 2. Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING2 TOPOLOGIES There are three main local area...
11
NETWORK CABLING
Chapter 2
Chapter 2: NETWORK CABLING 2
TOPOLOGIES
There are three main local area network (LAN) topologies: Bus
Star
Ring
Other network topologies include: Mesh
Wireless
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BUS TOPOLOGY
The bus topology supports thick and thin coaxial segments.
Segments are connected by repeaters.
The bus topology uses the baseband signaling method.
Signals are broadcast in both directions simultaneously.
Both ends of each segment require termination to avoid reflection.
End systems connect to the segment in a linear manner.
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THICK AND THIN COAXIAL BUS
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STAR TOPOLOGY
The star topology can use coaxial, twisted pair, or fiber optic cable.
A central device (hub) connects hubs and nodes to the network. Each node connects to its own dedicated port on
the hub.
Hubs broadcast transmitted signals to all connected devices.
You can connect multiple hubs to form a hierarchical star topology.
The star topology uses the baseband signaling method.
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A SIMPLE STAR TOPOLOGY
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A HIERARCHICAL STAR TOPOLOGY
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RING TOPOLOGY
The ring topology can use twisted pair or fiber optic cabling.
A central device (hub) connects hubs and nodes to the network. Each node connects to its own dedicated port on the
hub.
You can connect multiple hubs to form a larger ring.
The ring topology uses the baseband signaling method.
Frames are transmitted around the ring from node to hub to node.
Media Access Control (MAC) is used for token passing.
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A RING NETWORK
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MESH TOPOLOGY
Typically uses fiber optic cabling for redundant wide area network (WAN) links
Provides multiple paths to destinations for fault tolerance
Supports baseband and broadband signals
Requires an enormous amount of cable
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LAN MESH
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ENTERPRISE MESH
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WIRELESS TOPOLOGY
Cell-based technology that uses unbounded media
Two wireless topologies: Ad hoc
Infrastructure
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AD HOC WLAN
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INFRASTRUCTURE WLAN
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LAN CABLE TYPES
Three cable types are used in LANs: Coaxial
Twisted pair
Fiber optic
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COAXIAL CABLE
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AUI (ATTACHMENT UNIT INTERFACE) CABLE
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THIN ETHERNET HARDWARE
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UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR (UTP) CABLE
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UTP CONNECTORS
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UTP CABLE GRADES
Category Frequency Primary Application
1 Up to 0 MHz Voice networks
2 Up to 1 MHz Voice and low-speed data networks less than 4 Mbps
3 Up to 16 MHz Voice and data networks from 4 to 100 Mbps
4 Up to 20 MHz 16-Mbps Token Ring
5 Up to 100 MHz 100-Mbps Fast Ethernet
5e Up to 100 MHz 1000-Mbps Gigabit Ethernet
6 Up to 250 MHz 1000-Mbps Gigabit Ethernet
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FIBER OPTIC CABLE
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STRAIGHT TIP (ST) CONNECTOR
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STRAIGHT THROUGH AND CROSSOVER WIRING
Wiring within a twisted pair cable is configured as either Straight through, where each wire (or pin) is
attached to the same contact point at each end
Crossover, where transmit contacts on each end of the cable are connected to the receive contact at the other end
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STRAIGHT THROUGH WIRING
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CROSSOVER WIRING
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SUMMARY
The three basic LAN topologies are bus, star, and ring. WLANs are becoming more popular. Mesh networks are not typically used in LANs.
The primary cable types used in LANs are coaxial, twisted pair, and fiber optic.