Post on 18-Jan-2018
description
1
Controller feedback from the Controller feedback from the CoSpace / NUP II TMA CoSpace / NUP II TMA experimentexperiment
ASAS-TN, 19-21 AprilASAS-TN, 19-21 April 200 2004, Toulouse4, Toulouse
Liz Jordan, NATS, U.K.Liz Jordan, NATS, U.K.Gatwick approach controllerGatwick approach controller
2
ContextContext
Six approach controllers: executive & planner functionsSix approach controllers: executive & planner functions• 2 Orly• 2 Roma• 2 Gatwick
Two sectors based on Orly and CDGTwo sectors based on Orly and CDG• Single runway operation, south-east arrivals only
Runs with & without time based spacingRuns with & without time based spacing Traffic derived from real traffic sampleTraffic derived from real traffic sample
• High level: 34 aircraft/hour – one sample: 38 aircraft/hour Simulation lasted over 4 weeks (10 days of training)Simulation lasted over 4 weeks (10 days of training) ASAS equipped A320 cockpit simulator for early ASAS equipped A320 cockpit simulator for early
assessment of airborne functionsassessment of airborne functions Role of the executive controller: to integrate 2 flows of Role of the executive controller: to integrate 2 flows of
aircraft onto final approachaircraft onto final approach
3
PrinciplesPrinciples
Motivation: to increase controller availabilityMotivation: to increase controller availability No transfer of separation responsibilityNo transfer of separation responsibility
• Neither to transfer problems• Nor to give more freedom to flight crew
Controller remains in charge of analysing situations and Controller remains in charge of analysing situations and defining solutionsdefining solutions
Preserves controller authority and understanding of Preserves controller authority and understanding of situationssituations• Keep mental picture
Controller issues appropriate instructions to guarantee Controller issues appropriate instructions to guarantee spacing and separationspacing and separation• flight crew executes it
4
ApplicabilityApplicability
Use of time based spacingUse of time based spacing• 90 seconds• 120 seconds when lead aircraft is heavy
Spacing at start of sequence must be achievableSpacing at start of sequence must be achievable• Speed compatible• Spacing at converging point not lower than desired
Training and understanding of technique importantTraining and understanding of technique important Standard trajectories defined and adhered toStandard trajectories defined and adhered to
• Final integration of sequence to a point
5
TechniqueTechnique
ControllerController XYZ, select target 1234XYZ, select target 1234
XYZ, merge WPT 90s behind XYZ, merge WPT 90s behind targettarget
PilotPilot
Selecting target 1234, XYZSelecting target 1234, XYZ
XYZ, target 1234 identified, 2 XYZ, target 1234 identified, 2 o’clock, 30 mileso’clock, 30 miles
Merging WPT 90s behind Merging WPT 90s behind target, XYZtarget, XYZ
The controller can then issue the spacing instruction
Targ
et
iden
tific
atio
nSt
art o
f air
born
e sp
acin
g
The flight crew tasked to acquire and then maintain the designated spacing to the preceding aircraft
6
DLH456310 - 433452
AZA123310 - 451234
8
DLH456310 - 433452
AZA123310 - 451234
8
Selecting target
Activating spacing
7
IssuesIssues
Applicability to other airspaceApplicability to other airspace Detection of unexpected eventsDetection of unexpected events
• Change in controller’s monitoring pattern Handling of abnormal situationsHandling of abnormal situations
• Fallback procedures, i.e. stack Too much expectationToo much expectation Risk of de-skillingRisk of de-skilling Risk of disengagementRisk of disengagement
8
LimitsLimits
Detrimental if not properly usedDetrimental if not properly used• Leads to increased workload
Change in working methodsChange in working methods• Resistance to change
Flexibility to fine tune spacing is limitedFlexibility to fine tune spacing is limited• Vortex table must be redefined in time, i.e. 2½ miles• Wind and weather constraints to be accommodated
Spacing monitoring tool required, to alert controller to Spacing monitoring tool required, to alert controller to a degrading situationa degrading situation
9
BenefitsBenefits
Controller can plan aheadController can plan ahead• Anticipate sequence and issue spacing instructions later
when appropriate• Fewer ‘late’ instructions for heading/speed adjustments?
Expected that increased controller availability could Expected that increased controller availability could lead to improved safety?lead to improved safety?
Enable better management of traffic?Enable better management of traffic? More capacity?More capacity? Flight crew gain in awareness and anticipation of their Flight crew gain in awareness and anticipation of their
situation?situation? Reduction in controller training?Reduction in controller training?
10
Aircraft trajectoriesAircraft trajectories
No spacingSession A1N
Time spacingSession A1TNo Time