Structures of N ~ r s i n g ~ " ~ ~ ' ~ ' ~ The Inseparability of rl Knowledge Develapme& 2 Theory and Practice nup yi - . - ~ - - - - A-

CHAPTER I CHAPTER 7

Nursing Theory and Practice: Toward Compassionate Action:

Connecting the Dats 2 Pragmatism and the Inseparability Jo-Ann Marrs of TheorylPractice 48 Lois H? Lowry Gweneth Hartrick Doane

Colleen Varcoe

CHAPTER 2

Yes, Virginia, Nursing Does Have Laws 10 CHAPTER 8 '' Webber The Practitioner as Theorist

CHAPTER 3

Philosophy, Science, Theory: Interrelationships and Implications for Nursing Research 17

Mary Cipriano Silva

CHAPTER 4 On Nursing Theories and Evidence 23

Jacqueline Fawcett Jean Watson

Betty Neuman Patricia H. Walker Joyce J. Fitzpatrick

CHAPTER 5 Integration of Nursing Theory and Nursing Ethics

CHAPTER 6

56 Rosemary Ellis

CHAPTER 9

"Lest We Forget": An Issue Concerning the Doctorate in Nursing Practice (DNP) 62

Ann L. Whall

CHAPTER I 0

The Link Between Nursing Discourses and Nurses' Silence: Implications for a Knowledge-Based Discourse for Nursing Practice 64

Connie I. Canam

30 CHAPTER l l

Transcending the Limits of Method: Cultivating Creativity in Nursing 73

Gweneth A. Hartrick

A Treatise on Nursing Knowledge Development for the 2 l st Century: Beyond Postmodernism 3 7

Pamela G. Reed

xii Contents

U N I T CHAPTER 19 Theory and Knowledge Traaslation

An Analysis of Changing Trends in Philosophies of Science on Nursing Theory Development and Testing 153

Mary Cipriano Silva Daniel Rothbart CHAPTER I 2

Knowledge fianslation in Everyday Nursing: From Evidence-Based

CHAPTER 20

to Injury-Based Practice 82 The Advocate-Analyst Dialectic Gweneth Hartrick Doane in Critical and Postcolonial

colleen varcoe Feminist Research: Reconciling Tensions Around Scientific Integrity 162

CHAPTER 13 Sheryl Reimer-Kirkham

Nursing Theory as a Guide to Practice 93 Joan M. Anderson

William K. Cody CHAPTER 2 1

CHAPTER 14 Validity and Validation in the The Situation-Specific Theory of Making in the Context of Pain Experience for Asian American Qualitative Research 171 Cancer Patients 10 1 Mirka Koro- Ljungberg

Eun-Ok Im

CHAPTER 22 CHAPTER 15

The Cocreating Environment: A Nexus Theory and Knowledge Translation: Between Classical Chinese and Current Setting Some Coordinates I I I Nursing Philosophies

Jo Rycroft-Malone 1 78

Joan E. Dodason

CHAPTER 16

Unitary Appreciative Inquiry: CHAPTER 23

Evolution and Refinement 1 2 1 Scientific Inquiry in Nursing: W Richard CowlingIII A for a New Age

Elizabeth Repede

185 Holly A. DeGroot

Philosophies of Nursing 5 Epistemology and Science in Research Evidence in Practice

CHAPTER 17 CHAPTER 24 Complex Critical Realism: Tenets Fundamental Patterns of and Application in Nursing Research 134 ~~~~i~~ in ~~~i~~

Alexander M. Clark Sue L. Lissel

Caroline Davis CHAPTER 25

Patterns of Knowing: Review, Critique, and Update

CHAPTER I8

Bridging the Gulf Between Science and Action: The "New Fuzzies" of Neopragmatism 145

Catherine A. Warms Carole A. Schroeder

200 Barbara A. Carper

207 Jill White

Contents W xiii

CHAPTER 26 CHAPTER 32

Mediating the Meaning of Evidence Rethinking Concept Analysis Through Epistemological Diversity 2 17

Denise Tarlier

CHAPTER 27

Nursing Epistemology: Traditions, Insights, Questions 227

Phyllis R. Schultz Afaf I. Meleis

CHAPTER 2 8

Fundamental Patterns of Knowing in Nursing: The Challenge of Evidence-Based Practice 23 5

Sam Porter

CHAPTER 29

Knowledge Development and Evidence- Based Practice: Insights and Opportunities from a Postcolonial Feminist Perspective for Transformative Nursing Practice 244

Sheryl Reimer-Kirkham Jennifer L. Baumbusch

Annette S. H. Schultz Joan M. Anderson

CHAPTER 30

The Use of Postcolonialism in the Nursing Domain: Colonial Patronage, Conversion, and Resistance 257

Dave Holmes Bernard Roy

AmClie Perron

6 Tools for Theory Development

274 Mark Risjord

CHAPTER 33

Levels of Theoretical Thinking in Nursing 282

Patricia A. Higins Shirley M. Moore

CHAPTER 34

Development of Situation-Specific Theories: An Integrative Approach 289

Eun-Ok Im

CHAPTER 35

Middle Range Theory: Spinning Research and Practice to Create Knowledge for the New Millennium 30 1

Patricia Liehr Mary Jane Smith

U N I T Characteristics and

'I Criteria of Nursing Theories zzG

CHAPTER 36

Theories: Components, Development, Evaluation 312

Margaret E. Hardy

CHAPTER 37

From Practice to Midrange Theory and Back Again: Beck's Theory of Postpartum Depression 32 1

Gerri C. Lasiuk Linda M. Ferguson

CHAPTER 3 1

Concept Analysis: Examining the State of the Science 266

Judith E. Hupcey Janice Penrod

CHAPTER 38

Theoretical Substruction Illustrated by the Theory of Learned Resourcefulness 329

Abir K. Bekhet Jaclene A. Zauszniewski

xiv Contents

CHAPTER 39

A Theory of Theories: A Position Paper 336 James Dickoff Patricia James

CHAPTER 40

Perspectives on Nursing Theory 343 Margaret E. Hardy

CHAPTER 4 1

Criteria for Evaluation of Theory 352 Jacqueline Fawcett

CHAPTER 42

Parse's Criteria for Evaluation of Theory With a Comparison of Fawcett's and Parse's Approaches 358

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

CHAPTER 43

The Focus of the Discipline Revisited 362 Margaret A. Newman

Marlaine C. Smith Margaret Dexheimer Pharris

Dorothy A. Jones

CHAPTER 44

An Ontological View of Advanced Practice Nursing 372

Cynthia Arslanian-Engoren Frank D. Hicks Ann L. WhaU

Donna L. Algase

CHAPTER 45

Nursing: The Ontology of the Discipline 378 Pamela G. Reed

CHAPTER 47

A Multiparadigm Approach to Nursing 392

Joan C. Engebretson

Future Directions f o r . j i

~ t a ~ $ ~ r . . ~ ~ > ~ w . %Ii' I , ' I Nursing T@~W&~ 1 C1.l ,'-?-- 1- , 2,

CHAPTER 48

A Central Unifying Focus for the Discipline: Facilitating Humanization, Meaning, Choice, Quality of Life, and Healing in Living and Dying 402

Danny G. Willis Pamela J. Grace

Callista L. Roy

CHAPTER 49

Nursing Reformation: Historical Reflections and Philosophic Foundations 413

Pamela G. Reed

CHAPTER 50

Historical Voices of Resistance: Crossing Boundaries to Praxis Through Documentary Filmmaking for the Public 4 19

Paula N. Kagan

CHAPTER 5 1

Unity of Knowledge in the Advancement of Nursing Knowledge 430

Karen K. Giuliano Lynda Tyer-Viola Ruth Palan Lopez

CHAPTER 52

A Practice Discipline That's Here and Now 437

Merian C. Litchjield Helga Jbnsd6ttir

CHAPTER 46

The Power of Wholeness, Consciousness, and Caring: A Dialogue on Nursing Science, Art, and Healing 383 Author Index 449

W Richard Cowling, III Subject Index 452 Marlaine C. Smifh

Jean Watson