1

Bellringer 11/16

•Translate these positive commands.

•1) Go to school.•2) Drink water.•3) Eat lunch.•4) Go out with your friends.•5) Read a book.•6) Study every day.

1

2

Review of Positive Commands• Steps:

• 1)

• 2)

• Irregulars:

• 1)

• 2)

• 3)

• 4)

• 5)

• 6)

• 7)

• 8) 2

Informal (tú) negative commands are used:

•When we want to tell a friend not to do something– To state the don’ts of most verbs, switch the –as

ending to –es and the –es endings to –as

STATEMENT COMMAND

*(tú) fumas ¡No fumes! Don’t smoke!

*(tú) corres ¡No corras! Don’t run!

*(tú) duermes ¡No duermas! Don’t sleep!

4

Steps for - commands:•1) Go to the yo form•2) Chop the ‘o’•3) If it’s an AR verb, add ‘es’; If

it’s an ER or IR verb, add ‘as’

18

5

Examples:• Don’t talk. (hablar-->AR)

– 1. hablo– 2. habl– 3. no hables

• Don’t drink. (beber-->ER)– 1. bebo– 2. beb– 3. no bebas

• Don’t write. (escribir-->IR)– 1. escribo– 2. escrib– 3. no escribas

• Don’t sleep. (dormir-->IR AND o-->ue)– 1. duermo– 2. duerm– 3. no duermas

• Don’t serve. (servir-->IR AND e-->ie)– 1. sirvo– 2. sirv– 3. no sirvas

3

•Don’t buy pizza!...- Verb: comprar

- Put comprar in the tú form= compras- Change the –as to –es= compres

¡No compres la pizza!

Let’s work on negative commands…

•Don’t open the door!...- Verb: abrir

- Put abrir in the tú form= abres- Change the –es to –as= abras

¡No abras la puerta!

Let’s work on negative commands…

•Don’t drink soda!...- Verb: beber

- Put beber in the tú form= bebes- Change the –es to –as= bebas

¡No bebas los refrescos!

Let’s work on negative commands…

9

There are 5 irregular negative informal commands:

•dar--> no des (don’t give)•estar--> no estés (don’t be)•ir--> no vayas (don’t go)•saber--> no sepas (don’t know)•ser--> no seas (don’t be)

19

Verbs with spelling changes:There are several verbs that change spelling when

made into negative commands to keep their sound…

1. Verbs ending in –gar like: Jugar- ¡No juegues!- g changes to gu to keep the hard g sound

2. Verbs ending in –car like: Practicar - ¡No practiques! - c changes to qu to keep the hard k sound

3. Verbs ending in –zar like Empezar- ¡No empieces! - z changes to c to keep the z sound

•These next verbs have spell changes…– Either g changes to gue OR c changes to a que

Don’t play in the house!

- Verb jugar- in tú form = juegas

- Change –as to –es and remember spelling change!= juegues

Don’t play in the house! (jugar)¡No juegues en la casa!

Let’s work on negative commands…

Don’t arrive late! (llegar)

¡No llegues tarde!

Don’t touch the piano!

-Verb tocar in tú form = tocas

-Change –as to –es and

remember the spelling change!= toques

¡No toques el piano!

Let’s work on negative commands…

Eat more fruit!

¡Come más frutas!

Sleep 8 hours a day!

¡Duerme ocho horas al día!

Te toca a ti…

Don’t run in the house!

¡No corras en casa!

Don’t open the book!

¡No abras el libro!

Te toca a ti…

15

Direct Object PronounsA direct object is a person or thing that receives the direct action of the

verb.

I eat the tamales.

Yo como los tamales.

Óscar kisses his wife.

Óscar besa a su esposa.

16

A direct object answers what or whom:

Identifying a direct object

SUBJECT + VERB + WHAT (WHOM)

Yo como

DIRECT OBJECT

los tamales.

Óscar besa su esposa.a

17

Pronouns are little words that take the place of the object itself, so that the object does not

have to be repeated . . .

Did you buy the pianothe piano?

Yes, I bought the pianothe piano.

Did you pay a lot for the pianothe piano?

Well, the pianothe pianowasn’t cheap.

Can you play the pianothe piano?

Yes, and my brother plays the pianothe pianotoo.

18

the pianothe piano

the pianothe piano

the pianothe piano

the pianothe piano

the pianothe piano

the pianothe piano

Notice how many times “the piano” was repeated???

19

A better, more concise way is to use pronouns instead of repeating the noun over and over.

Did you buy the pianothe piano?Yes, I bought itit .Did you pay a lot for ?itit

Well, wasn’t cheap. itit

Can you play ?itit

Yes, and my brother plays too.itit

20

Direct object pronouns in Spanish, just as in English, take the place of the direct object itself,

so that the direct object does not have to be repeated, and repeated, and repeated . . .

¿Compraste el pianoel piano?Sí, lolo compré.¿Puedes tocar ?lolo

Sí, y mi hermano sabe tocar también.lolo

21

Here are the direct object pronouns:

mete

nosos

for people

These are used exclusively

***These are almost all the same as your DEFINITE ARTICLES (el, la, los, las). The only one different is the singular masculine “lo.” Don’t get “el” and “lo” mixed up.

lo, la los, las These are used for people and things

him, it

her, it them