Post on 02-Aug-2015
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
SGTM 5 BSGTM 5 B
Attitudes & BehaviourAttitudes & Behaviour
““Cultural Awareness”Cultural Awareness”
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Structure of PresentationStructure of Presentation
What is Culture?What is Culture? Understanding Cultural differencesUnderstanding Cultural differences Dealing with Cultural differencesDealing with Cultural differences Case studiesCase studies
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
CultureCulture
A shared system of A shared system of meanings, meanings,
beliefs, beliefs, values values
behaviours behaviours
through which experience is through which experience is interpreted and carried outinterpreted and carried out
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Culture Is ..Culture Is ..
RelativeRelative LearnedLearned CollectiveCollective Changes over timeChanges over time Complex responsive processComplex responsive process
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Forces Shaping Individual Forces Shaping Individual CultureCulture
Personal Culture
Values
World-views
Beliefs
Behaviours
Urbanization
Migration
Minority Experience
Cross-cultural
Adjustments
Profession
Gender Language
Education
Industrialization
Social background
Ethnic background
Religion
Nationalism Colonisation
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Dangers!Dangers!
StereotypesStereotypes
PrejudicePrejudice
Ethno-centric perspectivesEthno-centric perspectives
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Culture – In Peace OperationsCulture – In Peace Operations
Civilians – Civilians – Civilians Civilians (International)(International)
International International actors Local actors Local communitiescommunities
CULTURECULTURE
Military – Military Military – Military (International)(International)
Military – Civilians Military – Civilians (Organizational)(Organizational)
Local Local CommunitiesCommunities
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferencesEating habitsEating habits
Asia - chop sticksAsia - chop sticks Europe - knife and forkEurope - knife and fork Clean right hand in some Clean right hand in some
countriescountries Common plateCommon plate
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferencesEating habitsEating habits
BeefBeef PorkPork HorseHorse ““Everything that moves”Everything that moves”
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferencesEating habitsEating habits
Pork not eaten by Muslims for Pork not eaten by Muslims for religious reasonsreligious reasons
Christians keep horses, dogs Christians keep horses, dogs and cats as petsand cats as pets
Fish is neutralFish is neutral
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferences
ReligionReligion
Religion – an important place in Religion – an important place in many societiesmany societies
Knowledge of religion of host Knowledge of religion of host nation very importantnation very important
Respect religious beliefsRespect religious beliefs
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferences
Family and GenderFamily and Gender
Elders are highly respected in Elders are highly respected in some culturessome cultures
Understand family tiesUnderstand family ties Different gender beliefs and Different gender beliefs and
viewsviews
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferences
CommunicationCommunication
Language is culture specificLanguage is culture specific Avoid use of idiomatic Avoid use of idiomatic
expressionsexpressions HumourHumour
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferences
Body LanguageBody Language
Gesture/body language have Gesture/body language have different meaningsdifferent meanings
Smile will never be misunderstoodSmile will never be misunderstood Polite handshake is accepted in most Polite handshake is accepted in most
culturescultures
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferencesDress CodeDress Code
Depends on culture, customs, Depends on culture, customs, traditions and climatetraditions and climate
Adapt to local customsAdapt to local customs
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferences
TrafficTraffic
Peacekeeper die in traffic Peacekeeper die in traffic accidentsaccidents
Different traffic conditionsDifferent traffic conditions Respect local traffic lawsRespect local traffic laws Adapt to local conditionsAdapt to local conditions
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Understanding Cultural Understanding Cultural differencesdifferences
TimeTime
People have different concept of People have different concept of timetime
Need to understandNeed to understand ““You have the clock, we have the You have the clock, we have the
time”time”
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Building Cultural AwarenessBuilding Cultural Awareness
Understand your own cultureUnderstand your own culture Understand and accept logic of Understand and accept logic of
other cultural frameworksother cultural frameworks Cultural differences as unique Cultural differences as unique
and creative problem-solving and creative problem-solving opportunityopportunity
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Host Country’s CultureHost Country’s Culture
Knowledge of history, culture, Knowledge of history, culture, customs and traditionscustoms and traditions
Background for the conflictBackground for the conflict Expectations from “Blue Berets”Expectations from “Blue Berets”
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Cultural ShockCultural Shock
Unfamiliar:Unfamiliar:– LanguageLanguage– ClimateClimate– CurrencyCurrency– Road signsRoad signs– ColleaguesColleagues
Adaptation processAdaptation process
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
The Adaptation StagesThe Adaptation Stages
HoneymoonHoneymoon Initial confrontationInitial confrontation Adjustment crisisAdjustment crisis RecoveryRecovery
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
The Adaptation StagesThe Adaptation Stages
STAGESTAGE SITUATIONSITUATION APPROACHAPPROACH REACTIONREACTION
HoneymoonHoneymoonFirst exciting First exciting contact with contact with new culturenew culture
ObserveObserve
Excitement;Excitement;Curiosity;Curiosity;
Slight Slight concernconcern
Initial Initial confrontationconfrontation
First intensive First intensive feeling with feeling with new culturenew culture
Solve Solve problems in problems in
familiar waysfamiliar ways
Confusion;Confusion;Mystified Mystified
about;about;Others Others
behaviourbehaviour
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
The Adaptation StagesThe Adaptation Stages
STAGESTAGE SITUATIONSITUATION APPROACHAPPROACH REACTIONREACTION
Adjustment Adjustment crisiscrisis
Problems Problems intensifyintensify
ExperimentationExperimentation with new with new
behavioursbehaviours
Frustration;Frustration;Anger;Anger;
Confusion Confusion aboutabout
RecoveryRecovery
Sense of Sense of belonging to belonging to
culture culture emergesemerges
New New strategies to strategies to
help one help one function function
effectivelyeffectively
New culture is New culture is understandableunderstandable
;;Enjoying many Enjoying many
aspect of itaspect of it
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Maintaining Good RelationsMaintaining Good Relations
Between military and civilianBetween military and civilian With other military contingentsWith other military contingents Team workTeam work
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Cultural AwarenessCultural Awareness
““If you areIf you are
HumbleHumble RespectfulRespectful
FriendlyFriendly
you will always be fine”you will always be fine”
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Case StudiesCase Studies
The market placeThe market place The toilet experienceThe toilet experience To walk hand in handTo walk hand in hand Movement control at the airportMovement control at the airport The giftThe gift
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
SummarySummary
Cultural awareness is increased by Cultural awareness is increased by giving you the most common giving you the most common examplesexamples
This is the first step to handle This is the first step to handle cultural differences positively, avoid cultural differences positively, avoid conflicts due to misperception and to conflicts due to misperception and to make you interact positively with make you interact positively with host cultureshost cultures
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
SummarySummary
Closely related to “Code of Closely related to “Code of Conduct”, where you get written Conduct”, where you get written rules. rules.
In culture you may find few written In culture you may find few written rules, but make sure, you know and rules, but make sure, you know and obey themobey them
SGTM 1.1@30JUNE03 TES / Mil Div / DPKO TES / Mil Div / DPKO
Questions ?Questions ?Questions ?Questions ?