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Supply chain management (SCM) is a concept that has originated from the supply system.

Toyota adopted the system to coordinate its supplies, and manage its suppliers.

It also describes the connection between companies that change basic materials, products or services into a finished product for the client.

The client, main contractor, designer, surveyor, sub-contractor are all part of the supply chain.

Modern procurement methods, unlike the old procurement methods, suggest and encourages all participants to adopt Supply Chain Management policy.

As a result the emergence of PPC 2000, TPC2005,..

All participants in the supply chain have a long-term objective to work together to deliver a product free from defect, completed on time with minimum cost.

This close working relationship will improve the construction industries’ productivity both nationally and internationally.

The benefits for all participants in the supply chain management can be summarised as:

Costs reduction;No cost overrun;Waste minimization;High quality product;Good working relationship;

Defect free product;Full end user’s satisfaction;User friendly products;Continuous improvement;Higher reliability between supply chain.

JIT requires a system to control the level

waste on site. Project management team

can achieve waste reduction if theyinvolve: Human elements; Documentation and data control

tool; Quality assessment techniques;

Planning procedures; Verification procedures; Continuous improvement; Communications; Identification procedures; Reviews of design.

Total Quality Management (TQM) was implemented in 1950.

Its success has been seen in both:1.manufacturing 2.electrical industries Its use in the construction industry in recent years has enabled management to use TQM philosophy in many areas of work.

TQM has been applied to: process improvement; customer and supplier involvement, team work; training to achieve customer satisfaction;

cost effectiveness; defect free product.

The success of TQM heavily depends on the project management team and their approach in managing problems.

The importance and advantages of implementing TQM within the construction industry is very important.

There are benefits and advantages of adopting TQM on the construction site.

These are:Achieving high quality products through the systematic consideration of the client’s requirements.

Overall reduction of construction time and cost through minimising the potential causes of errors and taking corrective action.

Increased efficiency and effectiveness of everyone involved in the project.

With the main focus on customer satisfaction.

Improvement in enhancing information at all levels through team building and pro-active management strategies.

TQM mobilises all resources by developing a culture of continuous improvement.

It is a system, which enables construction companies to fully identify the extent of their operational activities.

By focusing their activities on satisfying their customer.

Successful application of TQM in construction sector has increased its recognition as an effective method to improve quality and productivity.

TQM has two principal objectives:(1) Customer satisfaction(2) Continuous improvement

TQM is considered to establish standards, such as:

The International Organization for Standardization's ISO 9000 series.

TQM can be applied to any type of organization.

It originated in the manufacturing sector and has since been adapted for use in almost every type of organization such as:

Schools, Highway maintenance, Hotel managementChurches

A principal focus of TQM is for each supplier of services to identify and satisfy or exceed their customer's needs in terms of:

cost qualityTime

The search for methods of completing a task more efficiently.

Measurement of cost effectiveness may also be used to increase corporate awareness and commitment.

This is achieved by showing the financial benefits accrued as a result of the TQM process.

TQM is an approach for improving values such as:

1.the competitiveness 2.effectiveness3.flexibility of the whole organization

TQM is an approach to: 1.way of planning; 2.Organizing;3.understanding each activity that depends on each other.

TOTALQUALITY

MANAGEMENT(TQM)

IMPLEMENTATION

TOPPRIORITIES

1-TIME2-COST

3-QUALITY4-SITE SAFETY

Standardization'sISO 9000 series

PLANNINGPROCESS

PROCESS MANAGEMENTOR

MANAGEMENT SYSTEMPLANNING-COMMUNICATION

CONTROLLING -COORDINATING-TRAININGMONITORING

TOPPRIORITIES

1-CUSTOMER SATISFACTION/CUSTOMERFOCUS

&2-CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

3-COMPETITIVENESS4-EFFECTIVENESS

5-TEAM WORK6-EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

ORGANIZATIONS

SCHOOLS

HIGH WAYMAINTENANCE

HOTELS

CHURCHES

ETC.

TOPMANAGEMENT

APPROVAL AND COMMITMENTTO

TQM

TOP CHARACTERISTICEXPERIENCE AND CAPABILITY

LEADERSHIP STYLEAUTHORITYINFLUENCE

GOAL COMMITMENTINVOLVEMENT

FORM TEAMS FOR TQMINTERNAL/EXTERNAL

ALLOCATED RESOURCES

PLANNINGPROCESS

PROCESS MANAGEMENTOR

MANAGEMENT SYSTEMPLANNING-COMMUNICATION

CONTROLLING -COORDINATING-TRAININGMONITORING

Job Satisfaction

3

Effort

P R O D U C T I V I T Y

Motivating Factors Hygiene Factors

1

Rewards 4

COMMENCETQM

2

JIT

Planning proceduresCommunications

Verification proceduresIdentification procedures

Reviews of designContinuous improvement

Qualityassessmenttechniques

Documentationand data control

tool

Humanelements

Wastereduction

Continuousimprovement

Customersatisfactio

n

Process improvementCustomer and supplier involvement

Team workTraining to achieve customer

satisfactionCost effectiveness

Defect free product.

TQMProject

managementteam