JIT Scheduling + Kanban + JIT Services
-
Upload
przemek-nawrot -
Category
Education
-
view
229 -
download
8
Transcript of JIT Scheduling + Kanban + JIT Services
JIT Scheduling,
KANBAN,
JIT Services
Przemyslaw Nawrot, Louis Schmidt
JIT Scheduling
● Schedules have to be
communicated
inside and outside of
a company
● Inventory is low
● Reduction of work
● Ordering big amount makes your costs lower
Lower Setup costs → Lower Total costs
● JIT exists only when a
supplier and purchaser
work together
● prefer small batches than a large batch
“Jelly bean” scheduling
● exactly schedule can improve performance
KANBAN
● Japanese word = Card
● authorization for next container of material
● small lot sizes → move inventory only as needed
● rather than pushing it whether the next workstation is
ready for it or not
● Different sorts of signals are used, but the system is still
called Kanban (CARD)
cards
flags
empty positions on the floor
● important = authorization of the card → pulled from the
producing department/ supplier
KANBAN - no visual contact / visual contact
signal marker
Part numbersmark collection
no visual contact visual contact
- cards
- electronic signals (computer, lights,
internet)
- empty positions on the floor
- flags
● move when it’s needed = PULL-SYSTEM
● arrivals in work center to match processing time
● reduce inventory → pull only when needed
how kanban works, pulling units as needed from production.
e.g. similar to the resupply that occurs in your neighborhood supermarket
Kanban - more information
● each card = responsible specific parts or
quantity
● possible that a multiple card system is used
● Kanban system limit on the amount of work-
in-process between cells
● Kanban doesn’t has to be FORMAL.
Example of KANBAN + JIT(fast-food restaurant)
1. KANBAN:
6 cars in line
→ informal kanban signal is
5 will order french fries and
3 Big Mac
→ chef should start cooking
2. JIT
Cooking french fries and BigMac’s in a JIT -
way!
Example of JIT McD's
Number of Kanban Containers
- information needed:- lead time to produce a container of parts
- amount of safety stock needed
Number of Kanbans
Daily demand
Production lead time
(Wait time + Material
handling time +
Processing time)
Safety stock
Container size
= 500 cakes
= 2 days
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaa
= ½ day demand
= 250 cakes
Demand during lead time = 2 days x 500 cakes = 1.000
Number of Kanbans = (1.000 + 250)/250 = 5
Advantages of Kanban
● Reduced amount of faulty or delayed
material
● problems are immediately evident
● Puts downward pressure on bad aspects of
inventory
● standardized containers reduce weight,
disposal costs, wasted space + labor
Kanban final statement
→ MRP system JIT schedule as a ‘build’
authorization and the kanban as a type of
‘pull’ system that initiatives the actual
production
JIT in services
JIT techniques used in services:
● suppliers
● layout
● inventory
● scheduling
Suppliers
● restaurant deals
with supplier on
JIT basis
● otherwise
problems with
customers occur
Layout
● conditions must be adapted
to needs - e.g. McDrive
● new selling channels
and faster process
Inventory
● stockbrokers driving
down inventory =
occurs at
McDonald’s
● preparing only the
food, which is
already ordered
Scheduling
● based on forecasted demand
different Examples:
- Airline ticket Counter
(consider flights)
- McDonald (5 min)
- Salon (elaborate,
seasonal, weekly)
Exercise
Company SuperCar is trying to reduce
inventory and wants to install a kanban system
for compressors on one of its assembly lines.
Determine the number of kanbans (containers)
needed.
Given
Setup cost = $10
Annual holding cost per compressor = $100
Annual usage = 25.000 (50 weeks x 5 days each x
daily usage of 100 compressors)
Size of one Container = 100
Lead time = 3 days
Safety stock = ½ day’s production of compressors
Determination the number of kanbans
Demand during lead time = 300 ( =3 days x daily
usage 100)
Safety stock = 100 (= ½ x daily production of 200)
Quiz 1
What are the positive aspects of JIT-
Scheduling ?
a) The ability to meet customer orders
b) Drives down inventory by allowing smaller lot sizes
c) Reduces work-in-process
d) All of them above
Quiz 2
What kind of System is the KANBAN - System?
a) Push-System
b) Pull-System
c) Horizontal - System
d) Vertical - System
Quiz 3
Where does the Kanban come from?
a) Germany
b) China
c) Japan
d) US
True or False?
Inventory has only one positive aspect, which is
availability; inventory has several negatives,
including increased material handling, obsolescence,
and damage.