Post on 24-Jan-2015
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LECTURE 3
‘THE CATHOLIC QUESTION’
“Confessional state”
“Confessional state”
Political - full citizenship
“Confessional state”
Political - full citizenship
Economic - supported by state taxation (‘tithe’)
• Presbyterians and Catholics
• Presbyterians and Catholics
• Ideologically separate
• Presbyterians and Catholics
• Ideologically separate
• Geographically separate
• Presbyterians and Catholics
• Ideologically separate
• Geographically separate
• Briefly allied in 1790s
Reform of Parliament
Reform of Parliament
• Wider franchise
• Fewer small boroughs
• More MPs for larger constituencies
• Reform taken up by Volunteers
• Dungannon Convention 1782
• Petition to Parliament - rejected
• Reform minority in Parliament
Failure of reform movement
Failure of reform movement
• Opposition of Parliament
Failure of reform movement
• Opposition of Parliament
• Internal division - admission of non-Anglicans to political sphere
‘Catholic Question’
‘Catholic Question’
• Church did not recognise British kings
‘Catholic Question’
• Church did not recognise British kings
• Supported Stuart kings in exile
‘Catholic Question’
• Church did not recognise British kings
• Supported Stuart kings in exile
• ‘Penal Laws’ - restrictions on property, parliament, voting
‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767
‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767
• Catholic committee - dominated by landowners
‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767
• Catholic committee - dominated by landowners
• 1778 - removal of laws on land - in return for soldiers
‘Catholic Question’
• Pope recognises British kings 1767• Catholic committee - dominated by
landowners• 1778 - removal of laws on land - in
return for soldiers• Hope for further reform in 1780s - came
to nothing
Impact of French Revolution
Impact of French Revolution
• Possibility of transformation of political system
Impact of French Revolution
• Possibility of transformation of political system
• New members of Catholic Committee - merchants, tradesmen - more radical
Impact of French Revolution
• Possibility of transformation of political system
• New members of Catholic Committee - merchants, tradesmen - more radical
• Turned attention to London
• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Cathoic population
• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
• County delegates chosen by parish delegates
• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
• County delegates chosen by parish delegates
• Politicised Catholic population
• Struggle within Catholic Committee - radicals, conservatives
• Both groups attempt to mobilise Catholic population
• National Convention December 1792
• County delegates chosen by parish delegates
• Politicised Catholic population
• Addressed petitions to London
Effect of Revolution on London
Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
• War with France 1793 - need for Catholic soldiers, local militia
Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
• War with France 1793 - need for Catholic soldiers, local militia
• Catholic Relief Act 1793 - vote, guns
Effect of Revolution on London• Allied with Rome - counter-revolution
• War with France 1793 - need for Catholic soldiers, local militia
• Catholic Relief Act 1793 - vote, guns
• 1795 State founds Maynooth College
• Note - Irish Catholic Church as an institution was opposed to radical politics
• Continuously opposed revolutionary activity
• Some priests involved - exceptional