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C H A P T E R

Cell Structure and Function

3

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What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called?

a) cytosolb) nucleoplasmc) interstitial fluidd) cytoplasm

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What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called?

a) cytosolb) nucleoplasmc) interstitial fluidd) cytoplasm

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Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of the plasma membrane and are located on the ________ of the membrane.

a) hydrophilic; insideb) hydrophilic; outsidec) hydrophobic; insided) hydrophobic; outside

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Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of the plasma membrane and are located on the ________ of the membrane.

a) hydrophilic; insideb) hydrophilic; outsidec) hydrophobic; insided) hydrophobic; outside

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Membrane carbohydrates perform what function(s)?

a) They act as cell lubricants and adhesions.b) They act as receptors for extracellular components.c) They form part of the cell recognition system.d) All of the answers are correct.

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Membrane carbohydrates perform what function(s)?

a) They act as cell lubricants and adhesions.b) They act as receptors for extracellular components.c) They form part of the cell recognition system.d) All of the answers are correct.

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Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse across the plasma membrane?

a) small and lipid-solubleb) small and water-solublec) large and lipid-solubled) large and water-soluble

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Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse across the plasma membrane?

a) small and lipid-solubleb) small and water-solublec) large and lipid-solubled) large and water-soluble

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Which organelles are called cellular "suicide packets"?

a) peroxisomesb) membrane renewal vesiclesc) lysosomesd) proteasomes

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Which organelles are called cellular "suicide packets"?

a) peroxisomesb) membrane renewal vesiclesc) lysosomesd) proteasomes

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Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through

a) the plasmalemma.b) nuclear pores.c) transport vesicles.d) nucleoli.

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Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through

a) the plasmalemma.b) nuclear pores.c) transport vesicles.d) nucleoli.

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Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

a) triglyceridesb) glycogenc) digestive enzymesd) steroid hormones

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Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

a) triglyceridesb) glycogenc) digestive enzymesd) steroid hormones

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Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the following?

a) rough endoplasmic reticulumb) Golgi apparatusc) ribosomesd) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the following?

a) rough endoplasmic reticulumb) Golgi apparatusc) ribosomesd) smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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For most of their lives, cells are in

a) cytokinesis.b) interphase.c) prophase.d) mitosis.

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For most of their lives, cells are in

a) cytokinesis.b) interphase.c) prophase.d) mitosis.

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Secondary tumors are associated with which of the following?

a) benign tumorsb) malignant tumorsc) all neoplasmsd) None of the above

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Secondary tumors are associated with which of the following?

a) benign tumorsb) malignant tumorsc) all neoplasmsd) None of the above

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DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?

a) anaphaseb) interphasec) prophased) telophase

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DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?

a) anaphaseb) interphasec) prophased) telophase

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What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?

1. The chromosomes must be duplicated.

2. The sister chromatids must be separated.

3. The nuclear envelope must break up.

4. The nucleus must divide in two.

5. A mitotic spindle must form.

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What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?

1. The chromosomes must be duplicated.

2. The sister chromatids must be separated.

3. The nuclear envelope must break up.

4. The nucleus must divide in two.

5. A mitotic spindle must form.

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The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis?

a. telophase

b. interphase

c. prophase

d. anaphase

e. metaphase

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The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis?

a. telophase

b. interphase

c. prophase

d. anaphase

e. metaphase

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The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

a. interphase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. prophase

e. telophase

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The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

a. interphase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. prophase

e. telophase

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The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

e. interphase

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The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

a. prophase

b. metaphase

c. anaphase

d. telophase

e. interphase

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The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?

a. interphase

b. telophase

c. metaphase

d. prophase

e. anaphase

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The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?

a. interphase

b. telophase

c. metaphase

d. prophase

e. anaphase

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At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called ________.

a. replication

b. meiosis

c. condensation

d. telophase

e. cytokinesis

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At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called ________.

a. replication

b. meiosis

c. condensation

d. telophase

e. cytokinesis

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Identify this part

Cell (

plasma) m

embrane

Nucle

us

Nucle

ar

membrane cy

toplas

m

0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell (plasma) membrane2. Nucleus3. Nuclear 4. membrane cytoplasm

10

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Identify this part

Cell (

plasma) m

embrane

Nucle

us

Nucle

ar membran

e

cytoplasm

0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell (plasma) membrane2. Nucleus3. Nuclear membrane4. cytoplasm

10

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Identify this part

Cilia

Flage

lla

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

0% 0%0%0%

1. Cilia2. Flagella3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast

10

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Identify this part

Cilia

Flage

lla

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

0% 0%0%0%1. Cilia2. Flagella3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast

10

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Converts glucose (sugar) into ATP for energy

Chlorplast

Mito

chondria

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

0% 0%0%0%

1. Chlorplast2. Mitochondria3. Nucleus4. Cytoplasm

10

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Organelle that makes proteins

Mito

chonidria

Nucleus

Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

0% 0%0%0%

1. Mitochonidria2. Nucleus3. Ribosomes4. Cytoplasm

10

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Identify this part

Cell membrane

Rough ER

Smooth

ER

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell membrane2. Rough ER3. Smooth ER4. Mitochondria5. Chloroplast

10

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Identify this part

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Nucleolus

Mito

chondria

0% 0%0%0%

1. Nucleus2. Cytoplasm3. Nucleolus

4. Mitochondria

10

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Organelle that makes ribosomes

Nucle

us

Nucleolus

Cytoplasm

Mito

chondria

0% 0%0%0%

1. Nucleus2. Nucleolus3. Cytoplasm4. Mitochondria

10

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Identify this part

Cell membrane

Rough ER

Smooth

ER

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell membrane2. Rough ER3. Smooth ER4. Mitochondria5. Chloroplast

10

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Identify this part

Smooth

er

Rough er

Golgi bodies

Ribosome

0% 0%0%0%

1. Smooth er2. nucleus3. Golgi bodies4. Ribosome

10

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What part of the cell controls what goes in and out of the cell

Cell m

embrane

Rough ER

Smooth

ER

Mito

chondria

Nuclear m

embrane

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell membrane2. Rough ER3. Smooth ER4. Mitochondria5. Nuclear membrane

10

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Identify this part- performs Cellular Resp

Central v

acuole

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Chloroplast

Mito

chondria

0% 0% 0%0%0%1. Central vacuole2. Cytoplasm3. Nucleus4. Chloroplast5. Mitochondria

10

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Identify this part

Cell membrane

Golgi bodies

Cytoplasm

chloro

plast

0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell membrane2. Golgi bodies3. Cytoplasm4. chloroplast

10

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In animal cells only, sets of microtubules that help during cell division

Cell plate

centri

oles

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

Cell wall

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell plate2. centrioles3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast5. Cell wall

10

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Breaks down food for the cell

Vacuole

Golgi bodies

Rough ER

Lyso

some

Smooth

ER

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Vacuole2. Golgi bodies3. Rough ER4. Lysosome5. Smooth ER

10

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Modifies proteins from the ER, moves things from the nucleus

Cell m

embrane

Golgi bodies

Cytoplasm

Chloroplast

0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell membrane2. Golgi bodies3. Cytoplasm4. Chloroplast

10

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Identify this part

Vacu

ole

Golgi bodies

Rough ER

Smooth

ER

0% 0%0%0%

1. Vacuole2. Golgi bodies3. Rough ER4. Smooth ER

10

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Material in the cell that holds the organelles in place. Also contains water and dissolved nutrients

Cytoplasm

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Smooth

er

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cytoplasm2. Cell membrane3. Nucleus4. Nucleolus5. Smooth er

10

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Help non plant cells move around

Cilia

Flage

lla

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

Both 1 and 2

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cilia2. Flagella3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast5. Both 1 and 2

10

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Cells that do have a nucleus and membrane bound organellesExamples include plants, animals, protists, and fungi

Prokaryotic

Bacteria

Eukaryotic

Archea

0% 0%0%0%

1. True2. False

10

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ID part

Vacu

ole

Golgi b

odies

Rough ER

Lyso

some

Smooth

ER

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Vacuole2. Golgi bodies3. Rough ER4. Lysosome5. Smooth ER

10

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ID structure

DNA Cilli

a Pilli

a

Flage

lla

0% 0%0%0%

1. DNA2. Cillia3. Pillia4. Flagella

10

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Id this part

Cell membrane

Cell wall

Nuclear m

embrane

Cytoplasm

Capsule

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Cell membrane2. Cell wall3. Nuclear membrane4. Cytoplasm5. Capsule

10

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Storage area, very large in plants

Vacuole

Lyso

some

Peroxis

ome

Plasma m

embrane

Central v

acuole

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Vacuole2. Lysosome3. Peroxisome4. Plasma membrane5. Central vacuole

10

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Mitochondria are only found in animal cells

True Fa

lse

0%0%

1. True2. False

10

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In plants, where photosynthesis takes place

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

Central v

acuole

Cell wall

0% 0%0%0%

1. Mitochondria2. Chloroplast3. Central vacuole4. Cell wall

10

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Has no membrane bound nucleus (still has DNA) or organellesBacteria and Archaea are

Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic

Plants

Animals

0% 0%0%0%

1. Eukaryotic2. Prokaryotic3. Plants4. Animals

10

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Id this part

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

Central v

acuole

Cell wall

0% 0%0%0%

1. Mitochondria2. Chloroplast 3. Central vacuole4. Cell wall

10

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ID structure

DNA Cilli

a Pilli

a

Flage

lla

0% 0%0%0%

1. DNA2. Cillia3. Pillia4. Flagella

10

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Is this cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic

0%0%

1. Eukaryotic2. Prokaryotic

10

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Is this cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic

0%0%

1. Eukaryotic2. Prokaryotic

10

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ID structure

DNA Cilli

a Pilli

a

Flage

lla

0% 0%0%0%

1. DNA2. Cillia3. Pillia4. Flagella

10

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Controls the functions of the cell

Nucleus

Mito

chondria

Chloroplast

Rough ER

Smooth

ER

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Nucleus2. Mitochondria3. Chloroplast4. Rough ER5. Smooth ER

10

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Smooth ER makes hormones

True Fa

lse

0%0%

1. True2. False

10

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Ribosome digest things in the cell

True Fa

lse

0%0%

1. True2. False

10

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ID this part

Nucleus

Chloroplast

Smooth

Er

Mito

chondria

Flage

lla

0% 0% 0%0%0%1. Nucleus2. Chloroplast3. Smooth Er4. Mitochondria5. Flagella

10

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Rough ER synthesis membranes and sectetory proteins like insulin

True Fa

lse

0%0%

1. True2. False

10

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Describe what a phospholipid bilayer isa) phospholipids: a

molecule that has a phosphate group as a head and two lipid tails

b) In a double layer (bilayer)

c) for cell membrane

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Describe what the fluid mosaic model isa) Mosiac: there are

proteins and other things

b) In the cell membrane

c) That move around the surface of cells (fluid)

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What are the legs of the chromosomes called?

chro

matin

Spindle fib

ers

Hist

ones

chromati

ds

0% 0%0%0%

101. chromatin

2. Spindle fibers3. Histones4. chromatids

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What is the “button” that holds the sister chromatids together (red dot)

chro

matin

Diploid

Centro

mere

Haploid

0% 0%0%0%1010

1. chromatin2. Diploid3. Centromere4. Haploid

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What phase of the cell cycle do cells spend most of their time?

Inter

phase

Prophas

e

Meta

phase

Anaphas

e

Telophas

e

cytok

inesis

0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase6. cytokinesis

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What eukaryotic cell division makes genetically identical daughter cells

Mito

sis

Meio

sis

Binary

fissio

n

0% 0%0%

1. Mitosis2. Meiosis3. Binary fission

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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In what phase are cells still alive but no longer dividing?

Inter

phase

Cytokin

esis G

0 G

1 G

2 S

0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Interphase2. Cytokinesis3. G04. G15. G26. S

:10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What phase of Interphase are the cells making or replicating the DNA

G1

G2 S G

0

0% 0%0%0%

1. G12. G23. S4. G0

:10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What phase are these cells in?

Inter

phase

Prophase

Meta

phase

Anaphas

e

Telophas

e

cytok

inesis

0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase6. cytokinesis

0

5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What phase do cells spend most of their time in?1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase6. cytokinesis In

terphas

e

Prophase

Meta

phase

Anaphas

e

Telophas

e

cytok

inesis

0% 0% 0%0%0%0%

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What phase is this?

Inter

phase

Prophas

e

Meta

phase

Anaphas

e

Telophas

e

0% 0% 0%0%0%1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase

VOTE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

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What phase are these cells in

Inter

phase

Prophase

Meta

phase

Anap

hase

Telophas

e

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30