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Transcript of © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. PowerPoint ® Clicker Slides C H A P T E R Cell Structure and...
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
PowerPoint® Clicker Slides
C H A P T E R
Cell Structure and Function
3
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called?
a) cytosolb) nucleoplasmc) interstitial fluidd) cytoplasm
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called?
a) cytosolb) nucleoplasmc) interstitial fluidd) cytoplasm
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of the plasma membrane and are located on the ________ of the membrane.
a) hydrophilic; insideb) hydrophilic; outsidec) hydrophobic; insided) hydrophobic; outside
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of the plasma membrane and are located on the ________ of the membrane.
a) hydrophilic; insideb) hydrophilic; outsidec) hydrophobic; insided) hydrophobic; outside
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Membrane carbohydrates perform what function(s)?
a) They act as cell lubricants and adhesions.b) They act as receptors for extracellular components.c) They form part of the cell recognition system.d) All of the answers are correct.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Membrane carbohydrates perform what function(s)?
a) They act as cell lubricants and adhesions.b) They act as receptors for extracellular components.c) They form part of the cell recognition system.d) All of the answers are correct.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse across the plasma membrane?
a) small and lipid-solubleb) small and water-solublec) large and lipid-solubled) large and water-soluble
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Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse across the plasma membrane?
a) small and lipid-solubleb) small and water-solublec) large and lipid-solubled) large and water-soluble
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Which organelles are called cellular "suicide packets"?
a) peroxisomesb) membrane renewal vesiclesc) lysosomesd) proteasomes
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Which organelles are called cellular "suicide packets"?
a) peroxisomesb) membrane renewal vesiclesc) lysosomesd) proteasomes
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Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through
a) the plasmalemma.b) nuclear pores.c) transport vesicles.d) nucleoli.
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Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through
a) the plasmalemma.b) nuclear pores.c) transport vesicles.d) nucleoli.
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Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
a) triglyceridesb) glycogenc) digestive enzymesd) steroid hormones
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Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
a) triglyceridesb) glycogenc) digestive enzymesd) steroid hormones
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Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the following?
a) rough endoplasmic reticulumb) Golgi apparatusc) ribosomesd) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the following?
a) rough endoplasmic reticulumb) Golgi apparatusc) ribosomesd) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
For most of their lives, cells are in
a) cytokinesis.b) interphase.c) prophase.d) mitosis.
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For most of their lives, cells are in
a) cytokinesis.b) interphase.c) prophase.d) mitosis.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Secondary tumors are associated with which of the following?
a) benign tumorsb) malignant tumorsc) all neoplasmsd) None of the above
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Secondary tumors are associated with which of the following?
a) benign tumorsb) malignant tumorsc) all neoplasmsd) None of the above
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?
a) anaphaseb) interphasec) prophased) telophase
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DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?
a) anaphaseb) interphasec) prophased) telophase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?
1. The chromosomes must be duplicated.
2. The sister chromatids must be separated.
3. The nuclear envelope must break up.
4. The nucleus must divide in two.
5. A mitotic spindle must form.
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What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?
1. The chromosomes must be duplicated.
2. The sister chromatids must be separated.
3. The nuclear envelope must break up.
4. The nucleus must divide in two.
5. A mitotic spindle must form.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis?
a. telophase
b. interphase
c. prophase
d. anaphase
e. metaphase
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The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis?
a. telophase
b. interphase
c. prophase
d. anaphase
e. metaphase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?
a. interphase
b. metaphase
c. anaphase
d. prophase
e. telophase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?
a. interphase
b. metaphase
c. anaphase
d. prophase
e. telophase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis?
a. prophase
b. metaphase
c. anaphase
d. telophase
e. interphase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis?
a. prophase
b. metaphase
c. anaphase
d. telophase
e. interphase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?
a. interphase
b. telophase
c. metaphase
d. prophase
e. anaphase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?
a. interphase
b. telophase
c. metaphase
d. prophase
e. anaphase
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called ________.
a. replication
b. meiosis
c. condensation
d. telophase
e. cytokinesis
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called ________.
a. replication
b. meiosis
c. condensation
d. telophase
e. cytokinesis
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Cell (
plasma) m
embrane
Nucle
us
Nucle
ar
membrane cy
toplas
m
0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell (plasma) membrane2. Nucleus3. Nuclear 4. membrane cytoplasm
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Cell (
plasma) m
embrane
Nucle
us
Nucle
ar membran
e
cytoplasm
0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell (plasma) membrane2. Nucleus3. Nuclear membrane4. cytoplasm
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Cilia
Flage
lla
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
0% 0%0%0%
1. Cilia2. Flagella3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Cilia
Flage
lla
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
0% 0%0%0%1. Cilia2. Flagella3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Converts glucose (sugar) into ATP for energy
Chlorplast
Mito
chondria
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
0% 0%0%0%
1. Chlorplast2. Mitochondria3. Nucleus4. Cytoplasm
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Organelle that makes proteins
Mito
chonidria
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
0% 0%0%0%
1. Mitochonidria2. Nucleus3. Ribosomes4. Cytoplasm
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Cell membrane
Rough ER
Smooth
ER
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell membrane2. Rough ER3. Smooth ER4. Mitochondria5. Chloroplast
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Mito
chondria
0% 0%0%0%
1. Nucleus2. Cytoplasm3. Nucleolus
4. Mitochondria
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Organelle that makes ribosomes
Nucle
us
Nucleolus
Cytoplasm
Mito
chondria
0% 0%0%0%
1. Nucleus2. Nucleolus3. Cytoplasm4. Mitochondria
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Cell membrane
Rough ER
Smooth
ER
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell membrane2. Rough ER3. Smooth ER4. Mitochondria5. Chloroplast
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Smooth
er
Rough er
Golgi bodies
Ribosome
0% 0%0%0%
1. Smooth er2. nucleus3. Golgi bodies4. Ribosome
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What part of the cell controls what goes in and out of the cell
Cell m
embrane
Rough ER
Smooth
ER
Mito
chondria
Nuclear m
embrane
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell membrane2. Rough ER3. Smooth ER4. Mitochondria5. Nuclear membrane
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part- performs Cellular Resp
Central v
acuole
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Mito
chondria
0% 0% 0%0%0%1. Central vacuole2. Cytoplasm3. Nucleus4. Chloroplast5. Mitochondria
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Cell membrane
Golgi bodies
Cytoplasm
chloro
plast
0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell membrane2. Golgi bodies3. Cytoplasm4. chloroplast
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
In animal cells only, sets of microtubules that help during cell division
Cell plate
centri
oles
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
Cell wall
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell plate2. centrioles3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast5. Cell wall
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Breaks down food for the cell
Vacuole
Golgi bodies
Rough ER
Lyso
some
Smooth
ER
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Vacuole2. Golgi bodies3. Rough ER4. Lysosome5. Smooth ER
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Modifies proteins from the ER, moves things from the nucleus
Cell m
embrane
Golgi bodies
Cytoplasm
Chloroplast
0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell membrane2. Golgi bodies3. Cytoplasm4. Chloroplast
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Identify this part
Vacu
ole
Golgi bodies
Rough ER
Smooth
ER
0% 0%0%0%
1. Vacuole2. Golgi bodies3. Rough ER4. Smooth ER
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Material in the cell that holds the organelles in place. Also contains water and dissolved nutrients
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Smooth
er
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Cytoplasm2. Cell membrane3. Nucleus4. Nucleolus5. Smooth er
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Help non plant cells move around
Cilia
Flage
lla
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
Both 1 and 2
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Cilia2. Flagella3. Mitochondria4. Chloroplast5. Both 1 and 2
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Cells that do have a nucleus and membrane bound organellesExamples include plants, animals, protists, and fungi
Prokaryotic
Bacteria
Eukaryotic
Archea
0% 0%0%0%
1. True2. False
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
ID part
Vacu
ole
Golgi b
odies
Rough ER
Lyso
some
Smooth
ER
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Vacuole2. Golgi bodies3. Rough ER4. Lysosome5. Smooth ER
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
ID structure
DNA Cilli
a Pilli
a
Flage
lla
0% 0%0%0%
1. DNA2. Cillia3. Pillia4. Flagella
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Id this part
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Nuclear m
embrane
Cytoplasm
Capsule
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Cell membrane2. Cell wall3. Nuclear membrane4. Cytoplasm5. Capsule
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Storage area, very large in plants
Vacuole
Lyso
some
Peroxis
ome
Plasma m
embrane
Central v
acuole
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Vacuole2. Lysosome3. Peroxisome4. Plasma membrane5. Central vacuole
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Mitochondria are only found in animal cells
True Fa
lse
0%0%
1. True2. False
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
In plants, where photosynthesis takes place
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
Central v
acuole
Cell wall
0% 0%0%0%
1. Mitochondria2. Chloroplast3. Central vacuole4. Cell wall
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Has no membrane bound nucleus (still has DNA) or organellesBacteria and Archaea are
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
Plants
Animals
0% 0%0%0%
1. Eukaryotic2. Prokaryotic3. Plants4. Animals
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Id this part
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
Central v
acuole
Cell wall
0% 0%0%0%
1. Mitochondria2. Chloroplast 3. Central vacuole4. Cell wall
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
ID structure
DNA Cilli
a Pilli
a
Flage
lla
0% 0%0%0%
1. DNA2. Cillia3. Pillia4. Flagella
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Is this cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
0%0%
1. Eukaryotic2. Prokaryotic
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Is this cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
0%0%
1. Eukaryotic2. Prokaryotic
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
ID structure
DNA Cilli
a Pilli
a
Flage
lla
0% 0%0%0%
1. DNA2. Cillia3. Pillia4. Flagella
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Controls the functions of the cell
Nucleus
Mito
chondria
Chloroplast
Rough ER
Smooth
ER
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Nucleus2. Mitochondria3. Chloroplast4. Rough ER5. Smooth ER
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Smooth ER makes hormones
True Fa
lse
0%0%
1. True2. False
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Ribosome digest things in the cell
True Fa
lse
0%0%
1. True2. False
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
ID this part
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Smooth
Er
Mito
chondria
Flage
lla
0% 0% 0%0%0%1. Nucleus2. Chloroplast3. Smooth Er4. Mitochondria5. Flagella
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Rough ER synthesis membranes and sectetory proteins like insulin
True Fa
lse
0%0%
1. True2. False
10
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Describe what a phospholipid bilayer isa) phospholipids: a
molecule that has a phosphate group as a head and two lipid tails
b) In a double layer (bilayer)
c) for cell membrane
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Describe what the fluid mosaic model isa) Mosiac: there are
proteins and other things
b) In the cell membrane
c) That move around the surface of cells (fluid)
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What are the legs of the chromosomes called?
chro
matin
Spindle fib
ers
Hist
ones
chromati
ds
0% 0%0%0%
101. chromatin
2. Spindle fibers3. Histones4. chromatids
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the “button” that holds the sister chromatids together (red dot)
chro
matin
Diploid
Centro
mere
Haploid
0% 0%0%0%1010
1. chromatin2. Diploid3. Centromere4. Haploid
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What phase of the cell cycle do cells spend most of their time?
Inter
phase
Prophas
e
Meta
phase
Anaphas
e
Telophas
e
cytok
inesis
0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase6. cytokinesis
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
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What eukaryotic cell division makes genetically identical daughter cells
Mito
sis
Meio
sis
Binary
fissio
n
0% 0%0%
1. Mitosis2. Meiosis3. Binary fission
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
In what phase are cells still alive but no longer dividing?
Inter
phase
Cytokin
esis G
0 G
1 G
2 S
0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Interphase2. Cytokinesis3. G04. G15. G26. S
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What phase of Interphase are the cells making or replicating the DNA
G1
G2 S G
0
0% 0%0%0%
1. G12. G23. S4. G0
:10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What phase are these cells in?
Inter
phase
Prophase
Meta
phase
Anaphas
e
Telophas
e
cytok
inesis
0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase6. cytokinesis
0
5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What phase do cells spend most of their time in?1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase6. cytokinesis In
terphas
e
Prophase
Meta
phase
Anaphas
e
Telophas
e
cytok
inesis
0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What phase is this?
Inter
phase
Prophas
e
Meta
phase
Anaphas
e
Telophas
e
0% 0% 0%0%0%1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase
VOTE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
What phase are these cells in
Inter
phase
Prophase
Meta
phase
Anap
hase
Telophas
e
0% 0% 0%0%0%
1. Interphase2. Prophase3. Metaphase4. Anaphase5. Telophase
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30