The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same...

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The American Civil War – Beginnings

Transcript of The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same...

Page 1: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

The American Civil War – Beginnings

Page 2: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Presidential election of 1860

In 1860, Stephan Douglas and Abraham Lincoln ran against each other again, this time for president.

Lincoln had become well known from their debates about slavery.

This time, Lincoln won, becoming the 16th president.

Page 3: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.
Page 4: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Southern States secede As soon as Lincoln won the election, the South

started to secede. This means the South split from the Union. They no longer wanted to be part of the United States.

Supporters of secession based their arguments on the idea of states’ rights. They said they had voluntarily joined the union, so they could leave when they wanted.

Page 5: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Confederate States of America On December 20, 1860, South

Carolina became the first state to secede.

A total of eleven states seceded and formed the Confederate States of America.

They named Jefferson Davis as president.

They wrote a new Constitution which made slavery legal.

Page 6: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Civil War

A civil war is a war between people of the same country.

The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Slavery was the major issue that separated the North from the South.

Page 7: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

The Civil War began at Fort Sumter.

Page 8: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Fort Sumter was in the South, and the Union had a hard time defending the fort.

There were 23 states in the Union (North) at the beginning of the war.

There were 11 states in the Confederacy (South) at the beginning of the war.

Page 9: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.
Page 10: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

North’s Advantages

Many more people More factories, which could be used to

make weapons Many more miles of railroad tracks

Page 11: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

South’s Advantages

They were fighting at home. This would mean that they would be closer

to their supplies. They also would fight harder because they

were protecting their homes. The Confederacy also had superior

generals and better trained soldiers.

Page 12: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Battle of Bull Run

One of the first battles of the war was the Battle of Bull Run.

The North realized after this battle that the war would not be easy and would not be over soon.

Page 13: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

New Weapons Many new weapons were used during the

Civil War. Ironclad ship - ship with iron plates on it to

protect it from cannon fire.

Page 14: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Other new weapons

Deadlier cannons and bullets

More accurate rifles

Page 15: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Battle of Antietam First time the Confederacy invaded

Northern territory Bloodiest battle day in United States

history. 23,000 men lost their lives that day.

The Union army stopped the Confederate army. This “victory” by the Union gave President Lincoln the chance to announce the abolition of slavery in the South.

Page 16: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.
Page 17: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.
Page 18: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Declared that all slaves should be set free in the Confederacy.

It also allowed blacks to serve in the Union army and navy.

South ignored the Emancipation Proclamation, but it did change to focus of the war to the issue of slavery.

Emancipation Proclamation

Page 19: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Women in the Civil War

Women on both sides worked during the war. Many became nurses. The most famous nurse from the Union was Clara Barton.

She also helped organize the American Red Cross.

Page 20: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

The Confederate army invaded the North once again in the Battle of Gettysburg.

One of the bloodiest battles of the war.

90,000 Union soldiers fought 75,000 Confederate soldiers.

More than 50,000 men were killed or wounded in the battle.

Battle of Gettysburg

Page 21: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

The Union won the Battle of Gettysburg. The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of

the war. The Confederacy would never invade Union territory again.

Page 22: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.

Gettysburg Address After the Battle of Gettysburg, President

Lincoln went to the battlefield to dedicate a cemetery in honor of all those who had died.

Lincoln spoke for two minutes, but his speech became very famous.

It is called the Gettysburg Address.

Page 23: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.
Page 24: The American Civil War – Beginnings...Civil War A civil war is a war between people of the same country. The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union.