© 2013 IBM Corporation
zZS18
The Latest in IBM Health Checker for z/OS(Including New Companion Function:Generic Tracker Facility!)
Marna WALLE
z/OS System Installation
IBM Poughkeepsie
Grateful acknowledgement for contributions by Ulrich Thiemann,Grateful acknowledgement for contributions by Ulrich Thiemann,z/OS Health Checker and Generic Tracker developer.z/OS Health Checker and Generic Tracker developer.
© 2013 IBM Corporation2
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© 2013 IBM Corporation
Latest in Health Checker and Generic Tracker -Agenda High-level introduction to IBM Health Checker for z/OS IBM Health Checker for z/OS Latest News:
- V2.1New “Autostart” feature of the IBM Health Checker for z/OS
- V1.13– SYNCVAL in HZSPRMxx and MODIFY
– Ability for checks to raise and lower severities as conditions change
– DOM control for checks- V1.12
– Metal C headers and sample health check
– History display in SDSF
– Simple message interface with DIRECTMSG
– Run with BPX.SUPERUSER (not UID(0))
New Companion Function, Generic Tracker Facility- Introduction- Controlling the GenericTracker- Retrieving data- Migration Actions for Generic Tracker
Summary
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© 2013 IBM Corporation
IBM Health Checker for z/OS
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Consists of two parts:1. Framework – interface that allows you to run and
manage checks. Shipped as part of z/OS BCP.2. Individual Checks – programs that examine specific
settings or values for potential problems– Shipped and owned by the component, element, or
product.– Checks are provided by some ISVs, and you can
write your own!
A Health Checker instance can run on each system in the sysplex. There is only one instance ofHealth Checker on a single system.
“GLOBAL” checks run only on one system in a sysplex. This is to avoid running redundant copies of"Sysplex aware" checks. Checks of any locale can be declared "global“.
High-Level Introduction toIBM Health Checker for z/OS
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Check Values: contains pre-defined values such asinterval, severity, and parameters.
- Modify values via: SDSF, HZSPRMxx parmlib member,or MODIFY command
Check Output: issued as messages. Exceptions alsoproduce WTO messages.
- Details can be viewed via: SDSF, HZSPRINT utility Managing Checks: print, display, activate/deactivate, add,
refresh, run, update values temporarily or permanently- Permanent check updates can only be done via POLICY
statements in HZSPRMxx
High-Level Introduction toIBM Health Checker for z/OS
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS V2.1 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: “Auto-Start”
Problem Statement / Need Addressed: For many releases Health Checker has been helping to
- ensure system configuration best practices,- prevent system outages, and- successfully migrate from one z/OS release to another.
Health Checker was not “ON” by default and many opportunities toprevent system problems have been missed still.
Solution: In V2.1 some of the manual configuration steps to have a running
instance of Health Checker have been automated and a large subset ofthe Health Checker function will be “ON” by default.
Benefit / Value: More installations will receive early warnings and the opportunity to
prevent serious system problems.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS V2.1 Health Checker “Auto-Start”
The Health Checker address space will now bestarted automatically at IPL time via procedureHZSPROC. If you have not used Health Checker before, be prepared to initially
handle a number of check “exceptions” via messages like HZS0001I(low severity), HZS0002E (medium), and HZS0003E (high).
- We’ll cover that later.
Refer to the individual check message and the details in a check'smessage buffer on how to “fix” those exceptions. Sometimes your installation might follow different “best practices” and
you should customize the check behavior via HZSPRMxx parmlibmembers to avoid future exception messages.
The Health Checker User's Guide has good detailson how to handle those exceptions.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Specifying Health Checker Customization:HZSPROC
A new system parameter HZSPROC= can be specified as the
Health Checker procedure name to use in IEASYSxx orIEA101A. WARNUND is supported, for sharing with prior levels.
Default is HZSPROC=HZSPROC.
Proc HZSPROC is now shipped into SYS1.PROCLIB, notSYS1.SAMPLIB. Shipped proc has HZSPDATA commented out. Shipped proc should not require updating, as long as you
provide a HZSPDATA data set to use. Shipped HZSPROC contains HZSPRM=‘PREV’ (more
later on that).
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Specifying Health Checker Customization:HZSPDATA A new HZSPRMxx parameter, HZSPDATA, can be specified as the Health
Checker persistent data set to use. HZSPDATA(dsn) [VOLUME(volser)]
- If shared with pre-V2.1 levels, unsupported parameters are identifiedand processing continues.
Reminder: one persistent data set per system. Symbols supported!
Allows you to use shipped HZSPROC, and yet indicate what HZSPDATA to use.
If you do not provide a data set for HZSPDATA, you will receive HZS0013A –“SPECIFY THE NAME OF AN EMPTY HZSPDATA DATA SET”.
- Health Checker will still function, although persistent data cannot becaptured.
If you try to specify a different persistent data set later (for instance, with aMODIFY command), it will be ignored.
If both HZSPRMxx HZSPDATA= and HZSPROC HZSPDATA DD are specified,Health Checker will use the HZSPROC HZSPDATA= data set (which willoverride the HZSPRMxx HZSPDATA= data set).
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Specifying Health Checker Customization:HZSPRMxx members
A new system parameter “HZS=” can be specified as analternative, and preferred way to identify theHZSPRMxx parmlib members to be used when HealthChecker starts. In IEASYSxx or message IEA101A at IPL time
- HZS=(aa,bb,..)
Existing method in proc, is still supported:- //HZSPROC PROC HZSPRM=‘aa,bb,…'
If both IEASYSxx HZS= and HZSPROC HZSPRM=parmlib members are specified, Health Checker will usethe HZSPROC HZSPRM= members (which will overridethe IEASYSxx HZS= members).
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Additional HZSPROC HZSPRM= values
HZSPRM='PREV‘ Specifies that your hzsproc procedure use the HZSPRMxx members, if any,
used by the previous instance Health Checker. HZSPRM='PREV' is used as the default in the shipped HZSPROC
procedure. HZSPRM='PREV‘ behaves like HZSPRM='SYSPARM‘ when the system
encounters it at initial IPL time (the first use of the hzsproc), because there isno previous instance of Health Checker to use at that time.
HZSPRM='SYSPARM‘ Specifies that your hzsproc procedure use the HZSPRMxx members
specified on the HZS system parameter in IEASYSxx.
HZSPRM='NONE‘ Specifies that the hzsproc use no HZSPRMxx parmlib members
HZSPRM={‘aa|(aa,...,zz)'} Specify the specific members for HZSPRMxx that you wish the hzsproc
procedure to use. This isn’t new, and is still available to use.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Why use HZSPROC HZSPRM=‘PREV’?
HZSPRM=‘PREV’ makes occasional manual restarts muchsimpler and consistent. For instance, after you have applied service to Health Checker and wish to
stop and restart it.
To stop and start Health Checker, use your HZSPROCstarted procedure in the following commands: STOP hzsproc START hzsproc
Using HZSPRM=‘PREV’ in hzsproc ensures that you use thesame set of HZSPRMxx parmlib members that you wereusing in the previous instance.
Therefore, using HZSPROC HZSPRM=‘PREV’ inconjunction with IEASYSxx HZS= is recommended.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Migration Actions with Health Checker “Auto-Start”
If you do not start Health Checker today: Start it prior to z/OS V2.1 on every system!
- This will allow you to customize it as you see fit prior toz/OS V2.1, and not have deal with it during the z/OSV2.1 migration.
Consider the z/OS V2.1 changes in your set up. Refer to IBM Health Checker for z/OS V2R1 User's Guide
Chapter 2. For a “bare bones” set up:1. allocate HZSPDATA,2. do security work,3. probably do a little customization in HZSPRMxx, (see
later on about this)4. and then start Health Checker.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Migration Actions with Health Checker “Auto-Start”
If you already start Health Checker today, on V2.1:1. Remove any manual Health Checker start commands, probably found in
COMMNDxx as “START HZSPROC” If not removed, such a second start attempt will be rejected with a message.
2. You may change your HZSPROC to specify HZSPRM=‘PREV’, as isrecommended. This isn’t required, but is helpful to do.
3. Any HZSPRM= value you use is recommended to move to IEASYSxx HZS= . However, you can keep your HZSPROC HZSPRM= value, as it still is valid. Note that HZSPRM00 is NOT the default. There is no default HZSPRMxx in
z/OS V2.1. If you want an HZSPRMxx member, you have to ask for it.
4. Decide if you want to use the default HZSPROC that is shipped (which is calledHZSPROC). The default HZSPROC doesn’t have a HZSPDATA specified, so you’d need to
set up a HZSPDATA= in HZSPRMxx if you use the default proc. If you use a different name today than HZSPROC, decide if you want to:
a) Keep with your existing name. This means you’ll need an IEASYSxxHZSPROC=name -or-
b) Change your name to HZSPROC. This means at least a securitydefinition change to associate the user id from your existing name to theHZSPROC address space name.
If you use the name HZSPROC, and don’t want to use the shipped proc, makesure yours is in the proclib concatenation higher the IBM shipped proclib.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
The first time you start Health Checker, you’ll see a lot ofexception messages. Rather than turn Health Check off, justquiet it down!
Create a simple HZSPRMxx member that sets all checks’WTOTYPE to HARDCOPY
****** ***************************** Top of Data **000001 ADDREPLACE POLICY(HCONLY)000002 UPDATE CHECK(*,*) WTOTYPE(HARDCOPY)000003 REASON=(‘ONLY HARDCOPY')000004 DATE=(20130101) /* could use symbolics here for today’s date */000005 ACTIVATE POLICY(HCONLY)****** **************************** Bottom of Data **
Note that this will affect all checks WTOTYPE. If you want tochange a specific check message WTOTYPE, you need tospecify it in the policy.
Don’t want to see all the check exceptionson the console?? Change it easily!!
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R13 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: SYNCVAL Problem Statement / Need Addressed: Health checks are usually run the first time right when they are added to Health
Checker. This time might be unpredictable since it's based on when HealthChecker is started or when health checks get added manually to Health Checker.
Also, health checks can be configured to run more than ONETIME, via specificINTERVAL values.
While this interval specifies the time between check runs (“iterations”), it starts”ticking” when the previous check iteration finished. This makes the next run'sstart time unpredictable over time (dependent not just on the first start time, butalso on individual check run times)
Solution: While the existing behavior works for most checks and checks are typically short
running, a new check attribute SYNCVAL can now help to make a check's firstand secondary start times more predictable.
SYNCVAL allows you to specify a specific time of day when the check shouldbe run the first time
Also, specifying such a “synchronization value” always makes the check'sINTERVAL count from (synchronize with) the check start time (as comparedto check finish time)
This also applies equally to an EXCEPTION INTERVAL.
Benefit / Value: Check run times become more predictable and an installation can schedule
certain health checks at more appropriate and convenient times.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Using SYNCVAL in HZSPRMxx and MODIFY
Only valid on a POLICY statement, to emphasize that this is a checkcustomization specification:
ADD POLICY=policy-nameSTATEMENT=policy-statement-nameUPDATE CHECK(check-owner-filter,check-name-
filter)SYNCVAL({SYSTEM|hh:mm|*:mm}) …
ACTIVATE POLICY=policy-name
SYNCVAL(SYSTEM) is the default. This is the existing behavior.
For example: A check with SYNCVAL(20:00) and INTERVAL(12:00) Will start at 8PM for the first time Will be scheduled to run at 8AM and 8PM on any following day
SYNCVAL(*:mm) lets the check start at the given minute of the currenthour (or of the next hour, if that minute already has passed)
For example: A check is added at 7:03PM and a matching POLICY withwith SYNCVAL(*:15) and INTERVAL(00:20) is active, then The check will start at 7:15PM for the first time And will be scheduled to run again at 7:35PM, 7:55PM, 8:15PM,
8:35PM...
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R13 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: Dynamic Severity
Problem Statement / Need Addressed: Previously, a health check could only have a single "severity" assigned to
it (HIGH, MEDIUM, or LOW). This severity determines the urgency for a resolution of any "exception"
situation the check might detect. For health checks where thresholds are involved, a fixed, single severity
will not let you gradually increase the severity the closer a value getsto the threshold.
Solution: Dynamic Severity Control lets the check pick, at run time, an appropriate
severity to use for each individual exception message
Benefit / Value: More appropriate “urgency” levels for exception messages.
Needs check exploitation!
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R13 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: DOM Control
Problem Statement / Need Addressed: Health check exception messages are typically sent to both the check's message
buffer and to the console, the latter in form of a WTO (Write to Operator)message.
Previously, the system would always remove those WTOs in between check runs("iterations"), just before a new iteration.
In certain situations this can lead to undesired, repeated alerts of the "same"potential problem.
Solution: While this automatic handling is good for most checks, exploiting health checks
can now choose to decide on their own when a DOM (Delete Operator Message)request is issued.
If not DOMed, a previous WTO stays active, and the new (but typically duplicate)exception message just gets sent to the message buffer (with refreshed details)
Benefit / Value: Duplicate (operator...) alerts are avoided. Needs check exploitation!
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: Metal C Support
Problem Statement / Need Addressed: The collection of officially, externally supported languages to write health checks
in, was limited Assembler and SystemREXX.
Assembler is not the easiest language to learn and use, especially for developersnew to the platform.
SystemREXX is “easier”, but still has limitations, for example: There were restrictions on what system data could be accessed The exec has to run authorized Has special keywords to understand on the “Add check” interface .
Solution: Support Metal C as an additional check-writing language.
Benefit / Value: C is familiar to new developers and developers from many different platforms Can be used to write local (authorized) and remote (authorized or not authorized)
checks. Does not require any new Health Checker syntax outside of the actual check
routine.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: Metal C Support
Code samples are shipped in /usr/lpp/bcp/samples To let you quickly try out METAL C for health checks Local and remote health check examples HZSADDCHECK exit routine “Makefile” to build the above using the Unix utility “make”
Provided as C header files in data set SYS1.SIEAHDR.H For example SYS1.SIEAHDR.H(HZSHPQE)
Can be included in METAL C as “normal” C include:#include <hzshpqe.h>
Excellent help in Redpaper “Exploiting the IBM HealthChecker for z/OS Infrastructure”, Chapter 9. Writinghealth checks using Metal C, published Dec 2010 http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/redp4590.html?Open
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: SDSF History Display
Problem Statement / Need Addressed: Health Checker provides an option for saving health checks
to a logstream for historical purposes. SDSF could onlypresent the user with the current status of health checks viathe SDSF Health Checker display.
Solution: Provide a new action on the SDSF Health Checker to view
the history of a health check, when written to a logstream.
Benefit / Value: Users can now easily view the history and details of health
check runs.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: SDSF History Display Access with the L action character on the check, from the CK panel.
View the frequency and results of previous health check runs.
Compare historical results of health checks to evaluate the results of
updating component parameters.
Browse, save, or print specific health check runs
Checks recorded in the logstream before the IBM Health Checker for z/OSaddress space was last restarted are not included on the CKH panel. You can now see the name of the logstream from the CK panel, with new
column called “LogStream”.
By default, the last 10 iterations of a check are shown. Override this default using the new SET CKLIM command. The minimum
number of checks can be 1 and the maximum is 999,999. Also override using the new Panel.CK.DefaultCKLim custom property.
However, the user can override this default via the SET CKLIM command
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: SDSF History Display
Last 10 runs by default, the latest wasthe 40th run since Health Checker waslast started.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: DIRECTMSG
Problem Statement / Need Addressed: Ever since the Health Checker framework was introduced, a health check
consisted of two main parts: the check routine (code) and the message table (msg data)
The process of defining the content of the message table and creatingthe message table still appears intimidating to many, especially newhealth check writers.
Solution: Allow any check message text to be “embedded” directly in the check
routine, therefore dropping the requirement to provide a separatemessage table.
Benefit / Value: Check writers can focus on health check content and avoid seemingly
“complicated” process of creating a message table.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: DIRECTMSG
Mainly directed toward System REXX checks. The assembler macro HZSFMSG also allows for
REQUEST=DIRECTMSG
The existing REXX function HZSLFMSG nowsupports a new HZSLFMSG_REQUEST type “DIRECTMSG” with new HZSLFMSG_REASONs “CHECKEXCEPTION”,
“CHECKINFO”, and “CHECKREPORT”
For example:HZSLFMSG_REQUEST = “DIRECTMSG”HZSLFMSG_REASON = “CHECKINFO”HZSLFMSG_DIRECTMSG_ID = “ABC0001I”HZSLFMSG_DIRECTMSG_TEXT = “Sample msg…”CALL HZSLFMSG()
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: BPX.SUPERUSER
Problem Statement / Need Addressed: In order to successfully run health checks which use z/OS UNIX, Health Checker
requires a user profile with an OMVS segment and superuser authority. Previously, superuser authority was required to be given via a user profile with uid(0)
Uid(0) user profiles are closely watched by auditors and might require extraexplaining and might even prevent users from exploiting Health Checker
Solution: You can associate the Health Checker address space with a user profile which
has READ access to the BPX.SUPERUSER resource in the FACILITY class, and A non-zero uid
Benefit / Value: The Health Checker associated user profile does not appear on any uid(0) audit
reports anymore.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
z/OS R12 Health Checker for z/OSNew Function: BPX.SUPERUSER
You can change your Health Checker userid to haveBPX.SUPERUSER authority:
ALTUSER hcsuperid OMVS(UID(non-zero)… PERMIT BPX.SUPERUSER CLASS(FACILITY)ID(hcsuperid) ACCESS(READ)
RALTER STARTED HZSPROC.*STDATA(USER(hcsuperid)…
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Generic Tracking Facility
© 2013 IBM Corporation
New Companion Function:Generic Tracking Facility
Problem Statement / Need Addressed The existing “One-byte console ID tracker” started as a single purpose
migration aid. Over time other components used it to track events thatwould aid in their migration efforts. While never designed for suchadditional use, the Console Tracker reached its limits.
Solution Provide a “generalized” version of the tracking facility, the new
“Generic Tracker”.
Benefit / Value The new tracking facility allows tracking of more information and is
more flexible and useable. It is now a general tool to assess migration needs and to assess
exploitation of product functions.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
What Generic Tracker does
calls tracks
“Interesting”Service
Client Tracking Facility
•It finds the name of a calling program and other pertinentInformation.•Keeps a (track) record of the call for you.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Expected new messages during IPLDuring NIP/RIM, GTZ is scheduled to auto-start:
…and when GTZ has been initialized:
© 2013 IBM Corporation
If you want to track, you’ve got to say so
Starts automatically, but “Tracking disabled” No GTZPRMxx selected by default SETGTZ TRACKING=ON enables tracking
© 2013 IBM Corporation
To control the generic tracker
•Set up GTZPRMxx, or use SETGTZ or SET GTZcommands
•No GTZPRMxx selected by default: what you want,you have to specify.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
To set it and forget it•Specify in IEASYSxx or at IPL time on IEA101A.
• WARNUND is supported for GTZ=
•SYS1.PARMLIB contains a GTZPRM00 that contains aprimed exclusion list, based on what is “uninteresting” at thispoint.•Multiple parmlib members accepted!
© 2013 IBM Corporation
An existing CNIDTRxx parmlib member?•If you are already using the Consoles Tracking Facility andhave a customized CNIDTRxx parmlib member, you need toconvert it to use GTZPRMxx’s EXCLUDE statements
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Interface details: SETGTZ and SET GTZ commands
SETGTZ TRACKING=[ON|OFF]
SETGTZ EXCLUDE([OWNER=...]...)
SETGTZ DEBUG(ACTION=...
REASON=...
LIMIT=...
[OWNER=...]...)
SETGTZ CLEAR={TRACKDATA|EXCLUDE|DEBUG|ALL}
SET GTZ={xx | (xx,...,zz) } Specifies desired GTZPRMxx members
The EXCLUDE and DEBUG filter keys allow for wildcards (*, ?) SET GTZ and SETGTZ commands can be protected by the
MVS.SET.GTZ and MVS.SETGTZ.GTZ resources in the RACF classOPERCMDS.
For GTZPRMxx specification, just omit the “SETGTZ” above.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Interface details: DISPLAY command
DISPLAY GTZ,STATUS assumed when just DISPLAY GTZ is specified
DISPLAY GTZ,TRACKDATA
DISPLAY GTZ,EXCLUDE
DISPLAY GTZ,DEBUG
The DISPLAY GTZ command can be protected bythe MVS.DISPLAY.GTZ resource in the RACF classOPERCMDS.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Want to look at tracked data easily? GTZPRINT replaces log scraping
Store, view, and share it via a data set
Uses PRINT statements, that are equivalent to the correspondingDISPLAY GTZ statements: PRINT STATUS, PRINT TRACKDATA, …
Use sample GTZPRNTJ.
GTZQUERY API gives you programmatic access Complements the Health Checker function nicely! Allows for automatic
scheduling and centalized reporting Check out the Metal C GTZSHCK sample health check
- Can report on specific tracked instances...- ...or if any instances were found- Use JCL sample GTZSHCKJ to build the sample health check
Must have appropriate SAF authorization to print orquery tracked data: READ access to the XFACILITclass resource GTZ.sysname.QUERY.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Interface details: GTZPRINT utility
SYSIN DD accepts “DISPLAY GTZ script” PRINT STATUS PRINT EXCLUDE PRINT DEBUG PRINT TRACKDATA[([OWNER...] ...)]
- filter keys allow for wildcards (*, ?)
Output routed to SYSOUT DD
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Generic Track migration considerations
Generic Tracker replaces the Console ID Trackingfacility (Console Tracker)
All commands relating to the Console Tracker havebeen removed (next slide)
CNIDTRxx must be converted to GTZPRMxx (aswe saw) Remember, use handy GTZCNIDT tool!
The CNZTRKR macro service continues to besupported and is routed to Generic Tracker underthe covers. Therefore, existing CNZTRKR calls do not need to change. We recommended using GTZTRACK, instead of CNZTRKR, however.
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Command changes from old to new
SETCON TRACKING,{ON|OFF} → SETGTZ TRACKING={ON|OFF}
SETCON TRACKING=ONWITHABEND → SETGTZ DEBUG(ACTION=ABEND...
DISPLAY OPDATA,TRACKING → DISPLAY GTZ
SET CNIDTR=xx → SET GTZ=xx
Old commands do not work anymore!
© 2013 IBM Corporation
Latest in Health Checker and Generic Tracker -Summary
IBM Health Checker for z/OS:- V2.1: Health Checker starts automatically now!- V1.13:
– Indicate what time of day to run a check, with SYNCVAL.
–Check can have dynamic severity now.
–Better DOM control to help you with duplicate alerts.- V1.12:
–You can write a check in Metal C.
–Look at check history in SDSF.
–DIRECTMSG gives you a simpler message interface.
–You can replace UID(0) with BPX.SUPERUSER.
Generic Tracker Facility in z/OS V2.1- GenericTracker can be easily controlled.- Easy to retrieve data with a print utility or API (in addition to
DISPLAY).- Replace your Consoles Tracker commands.
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© 2013 IBM Corporation
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Upcoming events
IBM Edge2013June 10 – 14, 2013 | Las Vegas, Nevada
2013 IBM Power Systems
Technical UniversityOct 21 – 25, 2013 | Orlando, Florida
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