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UPS BatteryUPS BatteryBattery SizingBattery SizingPaolo FrisoniApplication Engineer, DPG
Liebert Hiross UPS
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing
Type of batteries used in DPG UPS Batteries for extended runtime How to assess backup times and size extra
batteries Special requirements (NiCd, 10 Years) Other requirements
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Used for micro UPS / On-Line
For GXT2-3000RT230 a 15 Amp. 72V Battery Charger (same look) is available its PN is: GXT2-1000RBC.072
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GX
T70
0
GX
T10
00
GX
T15
00
GX
T20
00
GX
T30
00
GX
T2-
700
GX
T2-
1000
RT
230
GX
T2-
1500
RT
230
GX
T2-
2000
RT
230
GX
T2-
3000
RT
230
GX
T2-
48V
BA
TT
GX
T2-
72V
BA
TT
DC BUS Voltage
[V]24 36 48 96 96 48 48 48 48 72 48 72
Ah 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 9 9 14 18Type of Battery
12V x 7-7,2Ah
Panasonic (7.2Ah) LC-R127R2CH1 CSB (7Ah) GP1270F2 YUASA (7Ah) NP7-12 (Term.C) FIAMM-GS FG 20722
2 3 4 8 8 4 4 4 8
12V x 9Ah
PANASONIC LC-R129CH1 PANASONIC UP-VW1245P1 FIAMM-GS FGH20902
4 6 12
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Used for micro UPS - Off Line
Sup
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PS
I 700
PS
I 100
0
PS
I 140
0
PS
I 220
0
PS
A35
0
PS
A47
0
PS
A70
0
PS
A35
0M
T-2
30
PS
A50
0M
T-2
30
PS
A65
0M
T-2
30
PS
A10
00M
T-2
30
PS
P30
0 (
*)
PS
P50
0 (*
)
PS
PX
T4
50 (
*)
PS
PX
T7
00
PS
PX
T1
250
Type of Battery
12V x 7-7,2Ah
Panasonic (7.2Ah) LC-R127R2CH1 CSB (7Ah) GP1270F2 YUASA (7Ah) NP7-12 (Term.C) FIAMM-GS FG 20722
2 3 4 1 1 1 2
12V x 4,5Ah
CSB GP1245F2 FIAMM-GS FGH20502
1
6V x 12Ah
PANASONIC LC-R0612CH1 YUASA NP12-6 (Term.C) FIAMM-GS FG 11202
8
12V x 12Ah
CSB GP12120F2 FIAMM-GS FG 21202
1 1
12V x 9Ah
PANASONIC LC-R129CH1 PANASONIC UP-VW1245P1 FIAMM-GS FGH20902
1 1
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Used for small UPS
Sup
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Nfi
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Nfi
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Ba
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ab
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INE
T 1
0-3
0k
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(ON
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INE
T E
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tt. C
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tH
INE
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ab
ine
tG
XT
600
0T
-23
0
GX
T10
00
0T
-230
GX
T3x
1 6
kV
A
GX
T3x
1 8
kV
A
GX
T3x
1 1
0k
VA
GX
T24
0V
BA
TT
GX
T24
0V
LR
T
DC BUS Voltage [V]
120 120 384 384 384 240 240 240 240 240 240 240
Amp/H 9 90 7 38 65 7 14 7 14 14 14 40Type of Battery
12V x 7-7,2Ah
YUASA (7Ah) NP7-12 (Term.C) FIAMM-GS FG 20722 CSB (7Ah) GP1270F2 (Only for GXT) Panasonic (7.2Ah) LC-R127R2CH1 (Only fo GXT)
32 20 40 20 40 40 40
12V x 65Ah YUASA NP65-12
32
12V x 38Ah YUASA NP38-12
32
12V x 91Ah
POWER BATTERIES SLF-12105 10 YEAR (*)
10
12V x 9Ah
PANASONIC LC-R129CH1 PANASONIC UP-VW1245P1 FIAMM-GS FGH20902
10
(*) INTERNAL BATTERY CHARGER 7 Amp
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Battery Used for Micro & Small UPS
– The most part of our products use : • Valve regulated lead-acid battery 5 Years of life
• Blocks of 12Volt (6 cell on each) with 7-7.2Ah
• The dimension are standard for different supplier but the terminals must be Fast-on 6,3 mm
– Hinet and its Batt.Cab. can be supplied without internal batteries. The internal Batt.Charger provide 1 - 3.5 -7Amp
– A complete Kit of Battery cable can be provided for the internal connections (HNBATTCABLE)
– The GXT 5&10kVA can be supplied without internal Batteries the PN is GXT5000T-230NB & GXT10000T-230NB with improved Battery Charger (4,5Amp)
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Battery Used for 10 Years Applications
– For special requirements like 10 Years Battery• for 12V 7Ah Blocks
– The NP7-12 (Yuasa) can be replaced with the RE7-12 the increasing cost is 70%
• for 12V 38Ah Blocks– The NP38-12 (Yuasa) can be replaced with NPL38-12
cost increase 15%
• for 12V 65Ah Block– The NP65-12 (Yuasa) can be replaced with NPL65-12
cost increase 15%
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingKey Factors in Battery Life
There are 4 factor that strongly affect the Battery Life Ambient Temperature Number of Charge/Discharge Cycles Deep discharge Floating Charge Voltage @ Temperature
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
Effect of the Temperature on Lifetime
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Number of Charge/Discharge Cycles
– Depend on number of Deep Discharge Cycles (%)– We will reach the DDL only when the Main fail last more than the UPS autonomy
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Deep Discharge
– The lowest recommended Voltage Under Load were the Battery can works or Cut off Voltage
– Below this limit Battery will be damagedDischarge Current
(C = Capacity) Final Discharge Voltage
(V/Cell) 0.1C or below 1.75
0.17C 1.7 0.26C 1.67 0.6C 1.6 3C 1.3
UPS Topology also lead to cycle on to battery operation frequently
OFF-LINE Worse
LINE INTERACTIVE Less Worse
ON-LINE Best Behaviour
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Deep Discharge
– Some UPS the Cut Off voltage can be adjusted, like Hinet (The default Value is 1.66 V/cell)
– Some others UPS this Limit change automatically with the load (all GXT series)
End Volt 1,85
1,85
1,75 1,75
1,67 1,67
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0% Load
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Float Charge Voltage versus Temperature
– Float Charge Voltage need to be maintained between 2.275V/cell +/- 0.005 (at 20°C)– For Hinet is adjustable (factory set to 2.25 V)– For GXT is Fixed to 2.3V
– Optimisation will be reached when this value is adjusted with temperature :• at 0°C V/cell = 2,35V• at 40°C V/cell = 2,15V
• Hinet --> next step • Improvement
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaRun Time Calculator
This Tool perform the calculation of Run Time of the UPS for a given:– Power of Load (kW)– Battery Capacity (Ah)
It work on Excel It is based on the Lead Acid Discharge Curves it optimise the calculation of autonomy time for the battery that
is considered working down to Deep Discharge limit for a given current
gives tested results
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaRun Time Calculator
The Standard Capacity nominal value of a battery is for 20 Hours of discharge time to a final voltage of 1.75V per cell
The nominal capacity of a battery is reduced when is discharged at value of current that exceed the 20-Hour discharge rate
That means the real Capacity you can extract from the Battery is: k * C where is a reduction coefficient k < 1
How does the Calculator works: Input:
– Load Power (kW)– Battery Capacity (Ah)– Nominal Battery Voltage
Output :– the Run Time for the assigned Capacity (Ah)
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaRun Time Calculator
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaRun Time Calculator
It performs the calculation of the Battery Current:
96.0
1000
Vbatt
PIbatt
Then the Ratio of the Battery Current and the Battery Capacity
Ah
Ibatt
This value is Located On the Deep Discharge Characteristic this is a non linear passage , the K coefficient is so detected
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaRun Time Calculator
Finally the Run time is calculated Like :
1000
60
P
VbattKAhTime
Estimation of the Autonomy time of the common UPS
Fill up following cells:
Battery voltage (nominal [Volts]): 384,000Load in kW (about 0.7*kVA): 16,000"Ah" of the battery ( ?7 ) : 14,400
This is the aut.time [min]: 5,944
Output
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Design CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaDesign CriteriaRun Time Calculator
Accuracy
GXT Internal Deep. Disch. Char.
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Some Autonomy Data
PowerSure PSA 2 Autonomy Times
VA 350 500 650 1000Load % W 210 300 390 600
5 184 173 133 15110 134 86 77 9220 64 50 43 4630 38 38 27 2740 31 28 21 2250 22 21 15 1660 18 16 12 1270 14 13 9 1080 12 11 8 890 10 9 6 7
100 8 7 5 5
Approximate discharge times in minutes at 25° C for new ,
fully charged batteries, into a resistive load
PowerSure Interactive MT ModelsLoad in % PSI700 PSI1000 PSI1400 PSI2200
10% 109 114 120 10920% 67 69 73 6030% 42 43 40 3840% 31 33 28 2950% 19 20 16 2060% 17 17 13 1770% 14 14 10 1380% 11 12 9 1090% 9 10 8 9
100% 8 8 7 5
PowerSure Interactive RM ModelsLoad in % PSI700 PSI1000 PSI1400 PSI2200
10% 109 114 120 10920% 67 69 73 6030% 42 43 40 3840% 31 33 28 2950% 19 19 16 1260% 17 17 13 1770% 14 14 10 1380% 11 12 9 1090% 9 10 8 9
100% 7 7 7 5
Approximate discharge times in minutes at 25° C for new ,
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Some Autonomy Data
UPStation-GXT 2 with internal batteryLoad in % 700VA 1000VA 1500VA 2000VA 3000VA
10% 248 191 144 56 9120% 115 87 83 33 4630% 79 48 42 26 3040% 58 34 28 19 2150% 44 25 20 14 1660% 35 19 15 12 1170% 29 16 12 10 980% 24 13 10 8 890% 20 12 8 7 7
100% 17 11 7 6 5
UPStation-GXT 2 with internal battery + 1 external battery cabinetLoad in % 700VA 1000VA 1500VA 2000VA 3000VA
10% 992 764 576 168 36420% 460 348 332 99 18430% 316 192 168 78 12040% 232 136 112 57 8450% 176 100 80 42 6460% 140 76 60 36 4470% 116 64 48 30 3680% 96 52 40 24 3290% 80 48 32 21 28
100% 68 44 28 18 20
UPStation-GXT 2 with internal battery + 2 external battery cabinetsLoad in % 700VA 1000VA 1500VA 2000VA 3000VA
10% 1984 1528 1152 392 72820% 920 696 664 231 36830% 632 384 336 182 24040% 464 272 224 133 16850% 352 200 169 98 12860% 280 152 120 84 8870% 232 128 96 70 7280% 192 104 80 56 6490% 160 96 64 49 56
100% 136 88 56 42 40
UPStation-GXT 2 with internal battery + 3 external battery cabinetsLoad in % 700VA 1000VA 1500VA 2000VA 3000VA
10% 2976 2292 1728 560 109220% 1380 1044 996 330 55230% 948 576 504 260 36040% 696 408 336 190 25250% 528 300 240 140 19260% 420 228 180 120 13270% 348 192 144 100 10880% 288 156 120 80 9690% 240 144 96 70 84
100% 204 132 84 60 60
UPStation-GXT 2 with internal battery + 4 external battery cabinetsLoad in % 700VA 1000VA 1500VA 2000VA 3000VA
10% 3968 3056 2304 840 145620% 1840 1392 1328 495 73630% 1264 768 672 390 48040% 928 544 448 285 33650% 704 400 320 210 25660% 560 304 240 180 17670% 464 256 192 150 14480% 384 208 160 120 12890% 320 192 128 105 112
100% 272 176 112 90 80
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Some Autonomy Data
UPStation GXT 6 and 10kVAApproximate discharge times in minutes at 25° C for new , fully charged batteries, into a resistive load
GXT 6,8,10 KVA with internal Batteries
20x7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V
Percentage Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes10% 600/420 69 800/560 180 1000/700 15020% 1200/840 58 1600/1120 122 2000/1400 8030% 1800/1260 48 2400/1680 70 3000/2100 5440% 2400/1680 33 3200/2240 49 4000/2800 3750% 3000/2100 23 4000/2800 37 5000/3500 2760% 36002520 17 4800/3360 28 6000/4200 2270% 4200/2940 14 5600/3920 24 7000/4900 1880% 4800/3360 11 6400/4480 20 8000/5600 1590% 54003780 9 7200/5040 17 9000/6300 13100% 6000/4200 8 8000/5600 15 10000/7000 11
GXT 6,8,10 KVA with Internal Batteries and 1 x GXT240VBATT Cabinet
20x7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V
Percentage Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes10% 600/420 250 800/560 360 1000/700 30020% 1200/840 197 1600/1120 244 2000/1400 16030% 1800/1260 155 2400/1680 172 3000/2100 13240% 2400/1680 117 3200/2240 122 4000/2800 9350% 3000/2100 88 4000/2800 93 5000/3500 6960% 36002520 73 4800/3360 72 6000/4200 5370% 4200/2940 60 5600/3920 58 7000/4900 4480% 4800/3360 50 6400/4480 49 8000/5600 3690% 54003780 42 7200/5040 42 9000/6300 31100% 6000/4200 37 8000/5600 36 10000/7000 27
GXT6000 + 1 x GXT240VBATT GXT8000 (3x1) + 1 x GXT240VBATT GXT10000 + 1 x GXT240VBATT
GXT6000 GXT8000 (only 3x1) GXT10000
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Some Autonomy Data for GXT + 2x 240VBATT Batt.Cab.
GXT 6,8,10 KVA with Internal Batteries and 2 x GXT240VBATT Cabinet
20x7Ah, 12V 4x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 4x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 4x20x 7Ah, 12V
Percentage Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes10% 600/420 360 800/560 540 1000/700 45020% 1200/840 301 1600/1120 366 2000/1400 24030% 1800/1260 248 2400/1680 279 3000/2100 21340% 2400/1680 190 3200/2240 198 4000/2800 15350% 3000/2100 140 4000/2800 153 5000/3500 11660% 36002520 110 4800/3360 123 6000/4200 9270% 4200/2940 94 5600/3920 101 7000/4900 7580% 4800/3360 77 6400/4480 85 8000/5600 6290% 54003780 68 7200/5040 72 9000/6300 53100% 6000/4200 59 8000/5600 62 10000/7000 46
GXT6000 + 2 x GXT240VBATT GXT8000 (3x1) + 2 x GXT240VBATT GXT10000 + 2 x GXT240VBATT
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Some Autonomy Data for GXT + 240VLRT Batt.Cab.
GXT 8,10 KVA with Internal Batteries and 1 x GXT240VLRT Cabinet
20x7Ah, 12V 20x 40Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 20x 40Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 20x 40Ah, 12V
Percentage Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes10% 600/420 800/560 600 1000/700 48020% 1200/840 1600/1120 425 2000/1400 39030% 1800/1260 2400/1680 370 3000/2100 28840% 2400/1680 3200/2240 267 4000/2800 20050% 3000/2100 4000/2800 200 5000/3500 15860% 36002520 4800/3360 166 6000/4200 12770% 4200/2940 5600/3920 138 7000/4900 10580% 4800/3360 6400/4480 117 8000/5600 8590% 54003780 7200/5040 101 9000/6300 70100% 6000/4200 8000/5600 85 10000/7000 60
GXT 8,10 KVA with Internal Batteries and 2 x GXT240VLRT Cabinet
20x7Ah, 12V 2x20x 40Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 40Ah, 12V 2x20x 7Ah, 12V 2x20x 40Ah, 12V
Percentage Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes Load VA / W minutes10% 600/420 800/560 960 1000/700 90020% 1200/840 1600/1120 780 2000/1400 73030% 1800/1260 2400/1680 690 3000/2100 54340% 2400/1680 3200/2240 520 4000/2800 39350% 3000/2100 4000/2800 450 5000/3500 30460% 36002520 4800/3360 340 6000/4200 24470% 4200/2940 5600/3920 265 7000/4900 20380% 4800/3360 6400/4480 225 8000/5600 17490% 54003780 7200/5040 196 9000/6300 152100% 6000/4200 8000/5600 190 10000/7000 133
GXT6000 + 2 x GXT240VLRT GXT8000 (3x1) + 2 x GXT240VLRT GXT10000 + 2 x GXT240VLRT
GXT6000 + 1 x GXT240VLRT GXT8000 (3x1) + 1 x GXT240VLRT GXT10000 + 1 x GXT240VLRT
NOT APPLICABLE
NOT APPLICABLE
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing GXT6000 (1x1 & 3x1) can be extended with the limitation
of two Cabinet 240VBATT max - for Thermal reason
GXT8000 3X1 & GXT10000 (1x1 & 3x1) can be extended either with Cabinet 240VBATT and Cabinet 240VLRT
The max numbers of Cabinets depend by the allowed recharging time ( the Batt. Charger rating is 1.5Amp)
If more than two Cabinets 240VLRT are necessary then is recommended to use the GXT5000T-230NB & GXT10000T-230NB with improved Battery Charger (4,5Amp) . But they are not CE certified
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Some Autonomy Data for Hinet with Batt.Cab.
HINET 10-30kVA Autonomy TimesApproximate discharge times in minutes at 25° C for new , fully charged batteries, into a resistive load
HINET Backup timesLoad Power 1 2 3 410kVA 8kW minutes --> 6 17 28 4115kVA 12kW minutes --> 9 17 2420kVA 16kW minutes --> 6 11 1730kVA 24kW minutes --> 6 9Note: External Battery Cabinets autonomy does not include internal batteries.Please note: for long autonomy times, data are approximate ± 5%
LOAD 10kVA 15kVA 20kVA 30kVA 10kVA 15kVA 20kVA 30kVA8kW 12kW 16kW 24kW 8kW 12kW 16kW 24kW
% [min] [min] [min] [min] [min] [min] [min] [min]100% 65 38 25 15 131 78 52 3090% 75 43 29 17 150 90 60 3580% 88 51 34 20 172 105 72 4170% 105 61 41 24 200 124 86 4960% 127 75 51 29 239 149 105 6050% 158 96 65 38 298 185 131 7840% 205 127 88 51 387 239 172 10530% 290 179 127 75 536 338 239 14920% 463 290 205 127 832 535 388 23910% 982 636 463 290 1721 1128 832 536
Internal Battery Strings
38Ah 65Ah
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Ni-Cd Battery
– Some application require high life despite of the price (Very High Price !!)
– The Voltage/Cell for Ni-Cd Batt. change like this:• 1,4 V/el in Floating• 1,07 V/el in end of Discharge
– If you have an UPS design with Lead Acid Battery to switch with Ni-Cd is necessary to increase the Number of Cells in the same ratio as the V/el• For instance Hinet requires 192 Cells in Pb and for Ni-Cd
192* (2,25/1,4) = 308 Ni-Cd Cells
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Ni-Cd Battery
– The Low Battery Limit must be adjusted in the same way • 308* 1,07 = 329 Volt
– Hinet allow to easily adjust these limits so it’s open to be supplied with Ni-Cd Batteries.
– The recharge current for Ni-Cd Battery must be well regulated
– The Hinet Battery charger feed a constant current that can be 1- 3.5 - 7 Amp up to Floating Point were the Float voltage will be held Fixed.•
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Nfinity Extended Batt. CabinetNfinity Extended Batt. CabinetNfinity Extended Batt. CabinetNfinity Extended Batt. Cabinet This Cabinet Allow to use the same Intelligent Battery
Module of Nfinity frame– P/N is N900Exx00000
It is a Matching Cabinet Need two Intellislot Battery Card (IBC),
– 1on Nfinity, 1 on the Cabinet + serial cable for communication
– 2 shipped with each Extended Battery Cabinet The DC Power connection cable
– P/Ns: NPNPEXTBC3, NPNPEXTBC15• These include specially designed connectors
In the UPS configuration Menu select :• Change Settings (press <Return>)• Intellislot Battery Cabinet (press <Return>)• enter the quantity of extended Battery Cabinet installed• press Return and ESC
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Nfinity External Batt. CabinetNfinity External Batt. CabinetNfinity External Batt. CabinetNfinity External Batt. Cabinet Can 10 years batteries be used?
– Not inside the main UPS Frame• Only 5 years Battery Modules are designed for Nfinity
UPS
– By using the External Battery Cabinet:• New version has same front bezels as Nfinity• Cabinet type: CZ1 Size 90Ah/120V with Battery Charger • Batteries Used are Power Batteries SLF12105• Note the difference between:
External Battery Cabinet and Extended Battery Cabinet• External BC is not an “Intelligent” backed up Battery
– does not use Nfinity Battery Modules– the Battery Module will not disconnect from the others
when a failure is detected
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing
EXTERNAL BATTERY CABINET CZ1 the Old and New one
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Battery SizingBattery SizingBattery SizingBattery Sizing Where is the Battery charger ?
– located in the Power Module – the charger has a temperature compensation with
a current limited to 3,2A– Others functions of the Power Module are:
• Power Factor Correction Circuit working with PWM at 20kHz.
• Input Power Factor close to 0,99 (see following slide)• Output Inverter • Starting from version G3 (mid-2002) :Able to accept three phase and single phase input line• Older G2 modules cannot be fitted in new 3x1 frames
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Thank you for your Thank you for your attentionattentionFor more questions contact:Product Support Desk on
http://my.liebert-hiross.com
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