German Propaganda Poster/WWI
•Post 1800’s new nations emerge, the rise of nationalism
•Germany and Italy become new nations
•Germany united under Prussian Count Von Bismarck
•Demand for land and colonies grows after Industrial Revolution
•Competition between nations for “world power”
•Colonialism led to military build up….
•ALLIANCES were born…..
Australian Propaganda Poster/WWI
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
=
Triple Alliance
France, Russia, Britain =
Triple Entente
Australian Propaganda poster/WWI
•Eastern Europe/”Powder Keg”
•Sarajevo, Bosnia 1914
•Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
•Heir to the Austria-Hungarian Throne
•Serbians accused of plot
•Russians allied with Serbs
•Germans back up Aust-Hung.
•Declare war on Russia, August 1, 1914
World War I Erupts1914-1918
> 20 nations involved Four years Central Powers: Germany, Ottoman Turks,
Austria-Hungary Allied Powers: Britain, France, Russia Eastern and Western Front Millions of lives lost over gain of yards, feet,
inches
Military Casualties in World War : @ 9 million
Belgium 45,550, British Empire 942,135,
France 1,368,000, Greece 23,098, Italy 680,000,
Japan 1,344, Montenegro 3,000, Portugal 8,145,
Romania 300,000, Russia 1,700,000,
Serbia 45,000, United States 116,516,
Austria-Hungary 1,200,000, Bulgaria 87,495,
Germany 1,935,000, Ottoman Empire 725,000
•New Technology/Tactics/Terms
•Trench warfare/No Man’s Land
•Mines/barbed wire
•Aircraft
•Submarines
•Machine guns
•Genocide
•Poison Gas
•Armored Tanks
Life in the Trenches:
•“Stand to”-hour before dawn/enemy raids
•Morning Hate-barrage of artillery
•Breakfast “Unofficial Truce”
•Chores: refill sandbags, repair floor boards, drain trenches, clean weapons
•Dusk: most activity under cover of darkness
•Penalty for falling asleep on duty: death by firing squad
•Patrolling “No Man’s Land”: hand to hand combat if enemy encountered
RATS
•Millions infested trenches
•Gorged themselves
•Size of cats
•Spread infection
•Food contamination
LICE
•Trench Fever
TRENCH FOOT
•Fungus-cold, damp, unsanitary conditions
•Gangrene/Amputations
•Death a constant companion.
•Bombardment by snipers and shellfire.
•Estimated one-third of deaths were in the trenches
•Stalemate on the Western Front from 1914-1918…
…and the smells…rotting carcasses (Battle of Somme: 200,000 dead), shallow graves, overflowing latrines, no bathing for weeks, creosol/chloride of lime, cordite (poison gas), rotting sandbags, cigarette smoke, cooking……
Soldier with “shell shock”
By the end of World War One the British Army had dealt with 80,000 cases of shell shock.
...everyone had a 'breaking point': weak or strong, courageous or cowardly - war frightened everyone witless...'
Russian Soldier/WWI•Russia withdrew with massive losses
on Eastern Front
•Influenza virus worldwide helped bring WWI to an end
•November 1918
•Treaty of Versailles-harsh punishment, heavy reparations on Germans-
demoralized
•Everyone thought this would never happen again on such a scale….they
were wrong.
To explore: What connections can you make between WWI and the world in
2005?
•How high a price is victory?
•The question stays with us today.
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