What is a distinguishing characteristic of each and every person?
Fingerprints - every person has their own fingerprint
DNA - every person has their own DNA signatureEach element has it's own unique electron configuration
They tell us where in an atom the LAST electron is located, and where each element "lives" on the periodic table.
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION
Suppose you want to send a letter to a friend somewhere in the United States
After the street name?
This is similar to an electron in an atom. The electron configuration is the electron's address in the atom.
Aside from the Zip Code -- what will the post office look at first?
After the state, what is the next thing the post office will need?
After the city?
The Basics - where is the electron located?
1. The Energy Level ( it is similar to the state when you mail a letter)
2.The Sublevel (it is similar to the city)
# 1 - 7: 7 rows on the periodic table
s, p, d, f : these are the letters used to represent sublevels
Some "states" are larger than others so they can have more "cities." Likewise, the larger the energy level the more sublevels they can contain.
Energy level 1 can only have an s sublevel
Energy level 2 can only have an s & p sublevel
Energy level 3 can only have an s, p & d sublevel
Energy level 4 - 7 can have s, p, d & f sublevels
4. The Spin (number)
3. The Orbital (is similar to the street)
Some "cities" have more "streets" than others
s has one
p has three
d has five
f has seven
All orbitals can hold 2 electrons and they must be of opposite spin
OR
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
H
He N Co
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
Homework
1s 1s
2s 2s
3s 3s
4s 4s
5s 5s 6s 6s
7s 7s
3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d
4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d 4d
4f
4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f 4f
5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d
5d
5f
5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d
6d
2p 2p 2p 2p 2p 2p
3p 3p 3p 3p 3p 3p
4p 4p 4p 4p 4p 4p
5p 5p 5p 5p 5p 5p
6p 6p 6p 6p 6p 6p
7p 7p 7p 7p 7p 7p
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
Electron Configuration
Shorthand form of Orbital Fill Diagrams
The only difference:
Orbital Fill uses orbitals and half arrows
1s
Electron Configuration uses exponents
1s2
1s
Example: Nitrogen
1s2
Orbital FillDiagram
2s 2p
ElectronConfiguration 2s2 2p3
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
Electron Configuration
C
Co
Kr
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
Homework
1s1
2s1
3s1
4s1
5s1
6s1
7s1
1s2
2s2
3s2
4s2
5s2
6s2
7s2
3d1
4d1
5d1
6d1
3d2
4d2
5d2
6d2
3d3
4d3
5d3
6d3
3d4
4d4
5d4
6d4
3d5
4d5
5d5
6d5
3d6
4d6
5d6
6d6
3d7
4d7
5d7
6d7
3d8
4d8
5d8
6d8
3d9
4d9
5d9
6d9
3d10
4d10
5d10
6d10
4f1
5f1
4f2
5f2
4f3
5f3
4f4
5f4
4f5
5f5
4f6
5f6
4f7
5f7
4f8
5f8
4f9
5f9
4f10
5f10
4f11
5f11
4f12
5f12
4f13
5f13
4f14
5f14
2p1
3p1
4p1
5p1
6p1
7p1
2p2
3p2
4p2
5p2
6p2
7p2
2p3
3p3
4p3
5p3
6p3
7p3
2p4
3p4
4p4
5p4
6p4
7p4
2p5
3p5
4p5
5p5
6p5
7p5
2p6
3p6
4p6
5p6
6p6
7p6
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
Abbreviated Electron ConfigurationUses the noble gases to skip parts of the electron configuration
He1s2
Ne2p6
Ar3p6
Kr4p6
Xe5p6
Rn6p6
[He] 2e- 1s2
[Ne] 10e- 2p6
[Ar] 18e- 3p6
[Kr] 36e- 4p6
[Xe] 54e- 5p6
[Rn] 86e- 6p6
symbol # e- ending e- conf.
Find the Noble Gas that comes before the element on the periodic table.
Example: Tin -- Sn (50 e-)
ElectronConfig. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p2
Abb. e-Config.
5s24d105p2[Kr]36e-
Noble gas = Krypton (36e-)
Start e- config.after 4p6
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
Abbreviated Electron Configuration
[He]
[Ne]
[Ar]
[Kr]
[Xe]
[Rn]
2e-
symbol # e- ending e- conf.
10e-
18e-
36e-
54e-
86e-
1s2
2p6
3p6
4p6
5p6
6p6
As
Dy U
Rb
Sc
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s 4p 4d 4f
5s 5p 5d 5f
6s 6p 6d
7s 7p
Homework
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