WELCOME BACK MINIONS!!!Time to get to work!

HOT… COLD… ALL RELATIVE TO ME…

• Tell me about how the weather FEELS as of late…

• Tell me about the hottest day you remember.

• Tell me about the coldest day you remember.

HOT? COLD?• Is there a “HOT” or a “COLD” in science?

• How do we measure “HOT” and “COLD”?

TEMPERATURE!• What is “Temperature”?

• A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in matter.

• Matter is made of particles always moving. The faster they move, the more kinetic energy there is, thus the greater the temperature will be.

• Since we cannot measure the kinetic energy of EVERY SINGLE PARTICLE… We take a sample and find the “average”. This is Temperature.

HOW TO MEASURE TEMPERATURE…

• Thermometer!• Liquid in a glass tube.

• The tube is heated, this heats the liquid inside, the liquid expands thus it moves up the tube.

• The opposite is true when it is a lower temperature.

MEASUREMENT…• Three Temperature Scales

• Fahrenheit• Celcius• Kelvin

FAHRENHEIT…• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit• According to an article Fahrenheit

wrote in 1724, he based his scale on three reference points of temperature. • he used a mixture of ice, water, and

ammonium chloride, a salt, that stable temperature was defined as 0 °F.

• The second point, at 32 degrees, was a mixture of ice and water without the ammonium chloride at a 1:1 ratio.

• The third point, 96 degrees, was approximately the human body temperature, then called "blood-heat".

CELCIUS…• Anders Celcius• The unit was known until 1948 as

"centigrade" from the Latin centum translated as 100 and gradus translated as "steps".• Two different points

• 0° Celcius is the freezing point of water• 100° Celcius is the boiling point of water

KELVIN• William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin

• He wrote:

• “…the need for a scale whereby "infinite cold"“.

• This is absolute zero. • (Point where matter stops moving)

REVIEW• What is temperature?

• A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles in matter.

• What is used to measure temperature?• Thermometer

• Which scale is based off of “Absolute zero”?• Kelvin

• Which scale is based off of “Water Freezing”?• Celcius

• Which scale is based off of the freezing of “Brine”?• Fahrenheit

HOMEWORK!!!• Read Chapter 14, section 1

• (Pages 472-477)• Make sure you have the vocabulary as well!