Download - webinar 02 photovoltaics

7/28/2019 webinar 02 photovoltaics

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Email:[email protected] Tele: 871 722 9522 Skype: todosolarmexico

Demonstration of PV system design

Using PVSYSTDr. Jeffery Lee Johnson

CTO Todo-Solar

Coahuila, Mexico
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Agenda

Resources

A review of the basic principles of Photovoltaic Engineering

What is PV Systemdesign?

Initial Project Assessment: Matching Kwh of consumption (energyneeded) to solar Kwh produced using an actual Case Study

Case Study in Design : A real time design demonstration using PVSYS

Comparison of predicted performance to actual performance

Special features of PVSYST, compatibility with other resources

TodoSolar and TodoSolarKids


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Resources

Doc Solstices Seasoned SentimentsThe question of the day that is on everybodys minds

Does Solar Energy have a future ?


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Resources

Doc Solstices Seasoned SentimentsThe question of the day that is on everybodys minds

Does Solar Energy have a future ?

Solar Energy is here and is here to stay


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BASIC PRINCIPLES OF

PHOTOVOLTAIC ENGINEERING


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Key Concepts and Equations

The mathematics of PV engineering relies mostly on a singleequation - The Schockley diode equation

Watts peak : The Power output of a panel under specific conditions

1000 W / m2 solar radiation normal (perpendicular to surface) at 25C and 1 atm.

A normalized quantity that is helpful but not useful and is confusing

Specific yieldThe PV designers best friend

Specific yield is the Kwh produced per KWp installed per day (Kwh/KW/day)

It is normalized quantity independent of total size of system

Specific yield depends on

Geographical location and climate (solar resource)

Installation and orientation

Design by matching components for optimum performance


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The Shockley Diode Equation(The physics of the P-N Junction)

KatmVVkTewhere

V

VI

kT

eVII

thermal

thermal

30026

1exp1exp 00


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A First Look at the Diode Equation

VVI

kTeVII

thermal

1exp1exp 00

BLUE CURVE


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Effect on diode equation

Photo-active materials

(semiconductors)

Photon


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The photovoltaic Equation and curve

0II I

PH

th

IVVII

1exp0 RED CURVE


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The Photodiode is at the heart of every opto-

electronic device including solar cells

Electr ical diode

Photodiodes Solar Cells

Lasers

Power = I x V


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The Solar Cell Isc and Voc


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Variation with Temperature and Irradiation


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1ln

0I

I

kT

qV

ph

OC

Variation of Isc and Voc with Radiation

Voc varies logarithmically

with illumination

ISC varies linearly in proportion with illumination

ISC d VOC i i i h


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ISC and VOC variation with

Temperature

Voc Is inversely proportional with

temperature

ISC varies little

with changes in

temperature

1ln

0I

I

kT

qV

ph

OC

1ln

0I

I

kT

qV

ph

OC


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Solar Cell Power

0

1exp

max

0

dV

dPV

VVIIVP

VIP

themal

L

0max dI

dPI


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Maximum Power point tracking

All modern inverters have MPPT capability that optimizes the power point for a

string or array of solar panels


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WHAT IS PV SYSTEM DESIGN?


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Panel and series characteristics

String is a series of panels with

predetermined current and

voltage output

V = V1 + V2+ Vn= Vi

I = I1 = I2= In


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Inverter characteristics

Inverters have input requirements

Number of DC inputs

Minimum/Maximum current

Minimum/Maximum Voltage

MPPT range of Voltage

M t hi th l ith i t i


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Matching the panels with inverter is

called String Sizing

M t hi th l ith i t i


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Matching the panels with inverter is

called String Sizing

Inverters have Output characteristics

Peak Power

Specific Yield

Grid connection compatibility

Annual Production of energy

Kwh

M t hi ll t t t th d i d


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Matching all components to generate the desired power

and energy output for a client is the called PV system

Design


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INITIAL PROJECT ANALYSISA CASE STUDY IN DETERMINING KWH NEEDED

C ll d f Cli


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Collect data from Client

Utility bill provides

consumption and prices for ayear

We know the precise

geographical location

A site visit provides:

the area available

orientation possibilities

shading issues

Grid connection

Electrical interface

We can now begin the design

U i ti d t ti t i i


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Needs 26,823 Kwh per year. Using a Specific yield of 4.5. this client

needs a minimum system of 16 KW

Using consumption needs to estimate sizing


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A CASE STUDY IN PV SYSTEM DESIGN

USING PVSYST

PV


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PVSYST Simulation Software

http://www.pvsyst.com/
http://www.pvsyst.com/http://www.pvsyst.com/


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DEMO


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COMPARING PREDICTED WITH

ACTUAL PERFORMANCE

USING SYSTEM MONITORING
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Twitter: @TodoSolarKidsTwitter: @TodoSolar
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