Title: VALIDATION OF A QUESTIONNAIRE THAT IDENTIFIESTHE RISK OF DEVELOPING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE INMEXICAN ADULTS

Author(s): A.Suverza-Fernandez,1 O. Perichart-Perera,2

S. K. Loza- Hirishaka,1 A. Zarate-Collado,1 K. Haua-Navarro1;1Health, Iberoamericana Universtiy, Mexico, Mexico, 2InstitutoNacional de Perinatologıa, Mexico, Mexico

Learning Outcome: To validate a screening questionnaire thatidentifies mexican population in risk of cardiovascular disease

Text: Cardiovascular disease is an important public health problemall over the world. There are no validated questionnaires to identifyCVD risk in the Mexican population. The objective of this study wasto validate a questionnaire (CIREC) to identify risk factors fordeveloping CVD by measuring metabolic and clinical parameters thatare recognized as main risk factors for CVD. A questionnaire was e-mailed to University employees (Mexico). From 143 subjects thatanswered, 30 resulted as having risk and 21 subjects agreed toparticipate (10 men, 11 women �18 years old). We test the ability ofthe questionnaire to predict risk by relating it with metabolicparameters and with the Framingham criteria (FRAMIN).Cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides andglucose levels were analyzed. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI),body fat percentage (%BF), and abdominal circumference weremeasured. CIREC classified 70% of men and 64% of women as havingCVD risk. Positive and significant correlations (CIREC-FRAMIN)were found (r�0.571, p�0.007), and with total cholesterol levels(CIREC r�0.442, p�0.04; FRAMIN r�549, p�0.010). Using clusteranalysis, subjects were classified as having risk or not having riskaccording to FRAMIN variables. With this classification we created acontingency table. CIREC correlated well with the new FRAMINgroups (chi-square; r�0.612, p�0.003); its sensitivity was 100% andspecificity was 58%. The evaluated questionnaire (CIREC) correlatedwell with total cholesterol levels. Even though the sample is verysmall, the sensitivity of the questionnaire appeared to be excellentand could be tested in a larger Mexican population.

Funding Disclosure: None

Title: VALIDATION OF CAPILLARY BLOOD FOR THE ASSESSMENTOF DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN CHILDREN

Author(s): J. C. Lawrence, E. D. McAuley, M. S. Johnson, J. Munoz,B. A. Gower; Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham,Birmingham, AL

Learning Outcome: After reading this presentation, participants willunderstand that use of capillary blood obtained with the finger-puncturemethod, for pediatric disease-risk screening, may be a useful alternative tovenipuncture that can be performed more easily in clinical or communityhealth settings.

Text: Research Outcome: Due to the rapid increase in childhood obesity,simple screening for obesity-related risk factors may be desirable for use inclinical or community health settings. Because children view venipuncture aspainful, stressful and invasive, less-invasive methods for outpatient screeningare needed. The primary objective of this study was to determine if measuresof insulin, glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol obtained from capillaryblood correlated with those obtained from venous blood. A secondary objectivewas to determine if waist circumference was associated with serumconcentrations of obesity-related disease risk factors. Methods: 21 children(mean age 10.3�2.0 years) were evaluated at the General Clinical ResearchCenter outpatient clinic at the University of Alabama-Birmingham. Subjectswere evaluated in the fasted state. 5cc of blood was drawn by venipunctureand �0.5cc by finger puncture. Height, weight and waist circumference weremeasured. Sera were assayed for insulin, glucose, triglyceride and totalcholesterol concentrations. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, paired t-test,regression analysis and Bland-Altman plots. Results: Venous and capillarymeasures of each analyte were significantly correlated (correlation coefficientsof 0.74 - 0.96; P�0.001 for all). Capillary glucose and triglycerides averaged5.1% and 8.1% higher, respectively, than corresponding venous values; totalcholesterol and insulin did not differ. Waist circumference was significantlycorrelated with both venous and capillary insulin and with capillarycholesterol. Conclusions: Capillary blood obtained via finger-puncture methodmay be a useful alternative to venipuncture for pediatric disease-risk screeningthat can be performed more easily in clinical or community health settings.

Funding Disclosure: General Clinical Research Center grant MO1-RR-00032, Clinical Nutrition Research Unit grant P30-DK56336 and theDepartment of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham.

Title: TYPE 2 DIABETES AMONG YOUTH: PREVALENCE ANDAWARENESS

Author(s): E. C. K. Lasley, R. E. Litchfield; Iowa State University,Ames, IA

Learning Outcome: To identify the prevalence of youth at high riskfor type 2 diabetes and healthcare provider awareness and knowledgeof ADA screening guidelines.

Text: Prevalence of overweight among youth continues to rise with aconsequent rise in type 2 diabetes. Yet, the exact prevalence of type 2diabetes in the youth population is not well understood. AmericanDiabetes Association (ADA) guidelines to screen youth for type 2diabetes were used to: 1. examine prevalence of youth meeting ADAcriteria; and 2. examine awareness and knowledge of ADA criteriaamong healthcare providers. Heights and weights were measured in509 fourth and fifth grade children to determine overweight statusaccording to BMI-for-age growth charts. A parent survey queried forfamily history related to ADA screening guidelines to determineyouth considered high risk. Interviews were conducted withhealthcare providers to examine awareness and knowledge of ADAscreening guidelines. Overweight (BMI � 85%) was observed in 198(38.9%) of the youth, but was not different between boys and girls(39.7% vs. 38.1% respectively). Of 49 youth considered high risk fortype 2 diabetes by ADA guidelines, 12 (24.5%) had been screened.Interviews revealed a lack of confidence regarding awareness of ADAscreening guidelines and thirst, overweight and family history werethe most common signs that elicit screening of youth. Healthcareproviders identified insurance, lifestyle, and lack of public awarenessas barriers to screening and treatment. Nearly 10% of youth in thispopulation were considered high risk for type 2 diabetes indicatingthe need for increased awareness and screening; however, currenthealthcare practices are not conducive to implementation of the ADAguidelines.

Funding Disclosure: The Wellmark Foundation, Iowans Fit ForLife funded through CDC Nutrition and Physical Activity Program

Title: FOODSERVICES, NUTRITIONAL CARE AND STAFFING AREASSOCIATED WITH RISK OF MALNUTRITION IN LONG-TERMCAREAuthor(s): N. Carrier,1 D. Ouellet,2 G. E. West3; 1Ecole des sciences desaliments, de nutrition et d’etudes familiales, Universite de Moncton,Moncton, NB, Canada, 2Departement des sciences des aliments et denutrition, Universite Laval, Quebec, PQ, Canada, 3Departementd’economie agroalimentaire et des sciences de la consommation, UniversiteLaval, Quebec, PQ, Canada

Learning Outcome: Recognize that risk of malnutrition is quite commonin LTC and that institutional factors such as those related to foodservices,nutritional care, and staffing, can impact risk of malnutrition in bothcognitively intact and cognitively impaired residents

Text: This cross-sectional, population-based study investigates institutionaldeterminants of risk of malnutrition among nursing home residents. The 132cognitively intact and 263 cognitively impaired residents aged 65 or older whoparticipated in this study came from 38 public long-term care (LTC) facilities.Participants were screened for risk of malnutrition, and demographic andmedical data were gathered from their medical charts. Information onparticipants’ dining experience, as well as foodservices, nutritional care andother institutional factors were also gathered. Ordered logistic regressionswere used to separately examine relationships between risk of malnutritionand institutional factors for cognitively intact and cognitively impairedresidents. Findings indicated that 39% of participants were highly ormoderately at risk of malnutrition. Risk was significantly higher incognitively impaired participants (49.2%) compared to cognitively intactparticipants (17.6%). Menu cycle length (28-days vs 21-days), difficultymanipulating dishes, lids and food packages, type of food delivery system(bulk vs tray), and oral supplementation were significantly associated withrisk of malnutrition in both groups of residents. Therapeutic diets, nutritionalscreening, and ratio of residents per resident assistant were also significantlyassociated with risk among cognitively impaired residents. Risk ofmalnutrition is quite common among LTC residents, especially among thosewho are cognitively impaired. Several institutional factors were found to havedifferential impacts on risk depending on cognitive status. These differencesshould be considered when determining which institutional factors should bemodified to reduce the risk of malnutrition in LTC.

Funding Disclosure: Medical Research Funds of New Brunswick(MRFNB)

SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 30

POSTER SESSION: PROFESSIONAL SKILLS/NUTRITION ASSESSMENT/MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY

A-32 / August 2007 Suppl 3—Abstracts Volume 107 Number 8