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America's Colonial Rule in
the PhilippinesBy Sonia Aggarwal and Sophia Kalogeris
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Overview SummaryThe United States imperialize the Philippines during the 1800s,
planning to use it as a base to get closer to China, and ended up making a
much bigger impression. Over time, their rule over the Philippines startedto shape the people and land that the US had taken over to become more
Americanized and modern. This style of ruling, however, was very
different from that of other imperialist countries. This style is what made
the United States imperial rule so well known to our world today.
The United States had reasoning behind their imperialist move to thePhilippines, and their plan would be sought through until the end. The US
wanted to be close to China so they could explore and access the land.
Coincidentally, the Philippines are very close to China and create a great
base for making trips to the country whenever needed. On the other hand,
Japan decided to Imperialize because they wanted to enhance production,gain nationalism, and get raw materials and resources. This colonization of
the US and many other countries created waves with the people there and
sometimes did not create the most stable environments.
The United Stated did a lot that made the Filipinos angry, and caused
them to revolt. In the Philippines, Filipino's protests were smaller and
weaker because of the lack of elites to run the protests.
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They wanted a broader voice, however their lack of leadership and
organized rebellion made for many unsuccessful movements. However, in
places like Burma, their protests were larger and had more alliances to
sustain pressure for independence.
Another tactic the United States used to govern the Philippines was theirinfluence on education in the country. The US built in good education
opportunities in the Philippines so they could be more prepared for the
work throughout the world. Whereas other countries like the Dutch, sent
the highest class students to school in Europe, and lower class students
could not go to school. In the Philippines, the US made it so that they could
learn within their own country which made education convenient and
accessible for everyone.
One way that Americas imperialism in the Philippines differed from that
of other countries is by the way that America gained its imperialism. To
easily obtain rule over the Philippines, Americans said that the reason they
wanted the Philippine Islands was to help and improve the Philippines and
the way of life for the Filipinos whereas in other countries like the Dutch
(in Indonesia), British (in Burma), and French (in Vietnam), the imperialist
country openly ruled for their own benefits such as resources and land.
Also, in the Philippines, there was a class of people who did not mind the
American rule because of the positive change that they were bringing.
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But, in countries like Indonesia, Burma, and Vietnam, most of the population
did not want the imperialist country to rule. This is how the way America
gained imperialism was different from that of other countries.
Also, the way that America ruled as an imperialist country was
different from how other imperialist countries ruled. This is because
America tried to improve the Philippines by creating equality among
separate classes and working with the Filipinos. But, the Dutch, British,
and French tried to reform the native people of the countries they ruled
over. America had even promised eventual and complete independence tothe Filipinos when they ruled unlike the European imperialist countries,
who ruled as a monarchy or dictatorship.
The imperial rule of the United States over the Philippines created
much tension and anger that would leave lasting impressions on both
parties. The two opinionated nations did not always agree on laws orgovernment or rights, and this started many uproars. However, the United
States did provide decent education for the Filipinos which was unavailable
to any other country at the time. Overall, the United States created good
and bad action in the Philippines which resulted in a country fueled with
the motivation to become independent and one day finally have a voice oftheir own.
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Reasons Behind Imperialism-
US
The main reason
why America
wanted the
Philippine islands
was because they
are close to China.
This would allow the
U.S. to easily
access and exploit
China. This is a
picture of a map ofthe American travel
route from the
Philippine Islands to
China.
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Other countries were not as interested in establishing bases like the US was.
Japan imperialized other nations because they wanted to enhance industrial
production and accelerate nationalism. They also wanted to get raw materialsand resources. This image depicts the unique reasoning behind the US
imperializing Philippines, as they try to spread their philosophies to other
nations.
Reasons Behind Imperialism- World
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y -US
One way that America easily
gained imperialism in the Philippine
Islands was by saying that they
wanted the Philippines so that they
could improve the islands and thequality of life for the
Filipinos.Americans said that they
wanted to help the Filipinos and
that ruling the Philippines was a
"social mission". This is a cartoon
that shows an American man
clothing a Filipino boy, or making
him civilized.
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Way Imperialism Was Gained-World
Other imperialist
countries in the world
gained imperialism with
force and dictatorship.
They would openly rule
over other lands for
their own benefit and
profits such as gaining
land and resources. .
This is a picture of
British soldiers invadingBurma before it came
under their rule.
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Way Imperialist Country Ruled-USAmerica ruled the Philippines
by promising the Filipinos
that they would get
eventual independence.
America said that once
the Philippines were ready
to transition toindependence and rule
themselves, they would
give the Filipinos their
independence. But, that
never ended uphappening and the
Filipinos needed to fight
for independence. This
cartoon shows America
crushing the leader of theindependence movement,
W I i li t C t R l d
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Way Imperialist Country Ruled-World
Imperialist countriesaround the world
ruled openly as
dictators. They would
often try to reform the
natives instead oftrying to help them
and improve their
way of life. In this
picture, John Bull,
who is often depictedas a character of
imperialism, is an
imperialist and
dictator over all of the
countries that Britain
ruled over.
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Unlike many other imperialist countries, the United States built in good education
opportunities in the Philippines. This education made the Filipinos more prepared for
the work throughout the world. The image below depicts a crowded classroom of
learning students at the University of the Philippines.
Influence of Imperialist on Education-US
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Other countries like Britain placed only the highest class students in school.
However, because they did not have their own schools, they often sent the students
to other countries to learn. Usually lower class students could not go to school, whichmade many native citizens resentful of the imperial rule. This image shows a small
class of British elite children that were in a British school in Burma.
Influence of Imperialist on Education-World
P I R i T I i li
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Protests In Reaction To Imperialism-
US
Filipinos protests were smaller and weaker because of the lack of elites to run
the protests. They wanted a broader voice within existing barriers, and tried
their best to make a significant movement in the Philippines. This image
depicts the small and unprepared army of the Philippines. The men do not
have proper uniforms and do not have a big enough group to make asi nificant im act.
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Protests In Reaction To Imperialism-
World
Other nations around the world did not have such a hard time with their protests. In places like Burma,
their protests were larger and had more alliances to sustain pressure for independence. Other places
had more radical or political demands as oppose to the Filipinos demand to be heard. This image
depicts a scene from the battle of Manilla, which may seem to show both sides to be completely
prepared and organized, however, history shows that in battles like this one the Filipinos were veryunorganized and seemed to be not fully trained for a formal battle.
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Pictography1. "Britain Octopus Cartoon" Illistrated Cartoon. Wikiwillows2011. Accessed June 12, 2013.
https://wikiwillows2011.wikispaces.com/Imperialism
2. "Civilizing the Natives". Political Cartoon. Agta. Accessed June 13, 2013. http://agta.4t.com/photographynegritothemes.html
3. "How the United States Purchased and Pacified the Philippines". Photograph. Accessed June 11, 2013. http://japanfocus.org/-
paul_a_-kramer/1745
4. "Kids in Classroom". Photograph. University of the Philippines Diliman. Accessed June 12, 2013. http://www.upd.edu.ph/
5. "Map: Dewey Sails to the Philippines". Map. Authentichistory. Accessed June 11 2013. http://www.authentichistory.com/1898-1913/4-imperialism/2-saw/2-philippines/
6. "No Defense for the British Empire". Drawing. SocialWorker, Accessed June 13, 2013.http://socialistworker.co.uk/art/8882/No+defence+for+the+British+empire
7. "Political Cartoon". Illustrated Cartoon. Punch. Accessed June 12, 2013. http://punch.photoshelter.com/gallery/-
/G0000vKN2v8ZjQ.g/
8. "Schools and Education, 1898". Photograph. Xtimeline. Accessed June 13, 2013.
http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=493911
9. "The Battle of Manila, February 1899". Postcard Painting. Boundless. Accessed June 12, 2013. https://www.boundless.com/
10. "Today's Document: Following the Spanish-American War Tensions". Cartoon. Tumblr. Accessed June 11, 2013.
http://todaysdocument.tumblr.com/post/42275416664/following-the-spanish-american-war-tensions
Article Source:
Boudreau, Vince, "America's Colonial Rule in the Philippines," inAmerican Compared: American
History in International Perspective, 1991.
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