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Diversity
Unit 9
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Introduction
Diversity is a major current hot topic in
organizations.
It is an issue that is still being debated and
does not yet have an encompassing
model to describe it.
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Topics of Discussion
Diversity Categories of diversity
Ways diversity viewed in workplace
Diversity issues
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Diversity
Diversity - simply means differences
Can be visual (race/gender/age)
Can be personality/behavioral
(extrovert/introvert or outgoing/shy)
Can be background (education/hometown)
Can be actual or perceived
Exposure reduces perception of diversity
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Diversity
Categories:Primary categories- genetic differences that
affect self-image and socialization
Age, race, gender, etc.Secondary categories- learned characteristics
that are acquired and modified throughout life
Things you can work on and change
Education, work experience, income lvl, geographiclocation, etc.
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Diversity Awareness
Exploration of cultural assumptions
Name game
Personalize the experience Class Divided
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Diversity and issues
PROS Ethicsright thing to do
Increases d.m. capabilities
Increases creativity Can enhance performance (div. talents)
CONS
Lower satisfaction More conflict
Can inhibit work being done
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Major points
Diversity and the discussion of minority status
are far from being resolved.
Important to balance the positives of diversity
with potential negatives Because of similar-to-me bias, you should
actively work to find similarities to help diverse
members bond.
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Ethics
Unit 10
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Introduction
Ethics is another Hot Topic inorganizations
No encompassing model to describe them
most previous ethical thinking comesfrom philosophy.
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Topics of Discussion
Ethics Kohlbergs model of moral development
Moral consistency Philosophical approaches
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Ethics
Kohlbergs model of moral maturity based on Heinz
dilemmasmall down woman dying from disease,
Heinz (woman's husband), husband faces dilemma of
breaking in and stealing the drug or not (thats the
debate)would you? Why? Why not? Does he haveobligation to do so?
Created to assess level of moral maturitya psyc scale
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Kohlbergs stages
Self-centered levelmoral value resides
in external happenings rather than in
individuals and standards
Stage 1Nave moral realismaction based
on rules; motivation is punishment
Stage 2Pragmatic moralitymin
punishment but also max rewards
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Kohlbergs stages
Conformity levelmoral value resides in
performing good or right roles
Stage 3socially shared perspectives
anticipated approval or disapproval of otherand anticipated feelings of guilt.
Stage 4social system moralityaction
based on formal dishonor and guilt over harmdone to others. Socially asked to leave or
embarrassed
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Kohlbergs stages
Principled levelmoral value resides in
internalized principles of the individual
Stage 5human rights and social welfare
Gandhiconsider values and rights thatshould exist in society.
Stage 6universal ethical principles
perspectives that all human beings shoulduse on each other. Not concerned with
others, just your own ethical compass.
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Moral consistency
A newer idea that suggests that moral
maturity is measured by the consistency of
your convictions
Breaking any law is wrong
Speeding
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Philosophical approaches
Utilitarian approach Identify courses of action available, who will be affected (benefits & harms),
choose greatest benefit and least harmcost/benefits analysis
Rights approach Identify course that respects the rights of everyoneEmmanuel Kantright
to truth, privacy, etc.
Fairness or justice approach Identify fair course that does not discriminate or favor anyone
Common-good approach Identify course that benefits all
Virtue approach Identify course that a moral/upstanding person would choose and that would
be good for character
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Major points
Ethical issues continue to be of interest to
management.
You can use some of the philosophicalapproaches to help you consider potential
outcomes of decisions.