Unit 0 Exam and Intro to States/Phases of Matter
Agenda
10 min: Take seats, pass out exams, review instructions.
45 min: Unit 0 Exam30 min: Intro to States of Matter
Catalyst (3 min) I Do: The States of Matter (8 min) We Do: Review Energy/Heating and Cooling Diagrams
(10 min) You Do: Questions (9 min)
5 min: Closing
Exam Instructions
The test is comprised of 28 multiple choice questions.
DO NOT WRITE ON THE EXAM SHEET.Record your answers on a blank sheet of paper.When you finish, raise your hand for Ms. Hagan to
collect your examLabel your folder with your first and last name and
period. Add all papers to your folder, put in this order:
do nows/catalysts, classwork, homework and notes.
Objective and Essential Question
Objective 1: SWBAT differentiate among the four states of matter.
Objective 2: SWBAT relate the behavior of the four states of matter to the energy and motion of their particles.
Essential Question: How can we differentiate among the different states of matter in terms of the motion and energy of their particles?
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
THE SHAPE AND VOLUME OF THE
STATES OF MATTER?
Video of Solid, Liquids and Gases
GASES
Take shape and volume of their container
Particles are separated from each other
Particles move in a straight line and random manner
LIQUIDS
Have definite volume and take the shape of their containers
Particles are closely spaced
Motion is random but limited
Particles slip past and collide with near neighbors
SOLIDS
Have definite shape and volume
Particles are in fixed positions
Particles collide only with near neighbors
Notes: States of Matter
Shape Volume Compress? Energy and Motion of Particles
Solid Definite Fixed Very hard to compress
Lowest energy, lowest motion/speed
Liquid Indefinite Fixed Hard to compress
Medium energy, medium motion /peed
Gas Indefinite Volume of Container
Easy to compress
Highest energy, fastest motion/speed
QUESTION LEADS TO KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY!!
But WHY do the molecules have different energies and motions in different states?
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Theory that all matter is composed of atoms and molecules that are in constant motion
The particles move at random and are composed of kinetic energy
The more energy (heat) a particle has, the faster it will move
Gas Liquid Solid
Highest energy, fastest motion
Lowest energy, slowest motion
KMT: Ice vs. Steam
Which has a higher temperature (more heat)?Which has more energy?Which has particles that are moving faster?
STEAM ICE
VS
STEAM ICE
Molecules have high energy (temperature)
Molecules move fast and collide in a random motion
Molecules vibrateEnergy
(temperature) is low Molecules are
tightly packed
KMT: ICE vs. STEAM
SIMULATION OF KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY
http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter
We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram
Where is the energy of the particles the highest? The lowest?
Energy = Heat (temp)
We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram
What state of matter do you expect the substance to be at A and E?
Energy = Heat (temp)
We Do: Analyze a Heating/Cooling Diagram
A, C, and E represent the three states of matter. Draw a diagram showing how the arrangement of their particles and how they would fill a container.
Energy = Heat (temp)
Unit 1: Homework #1
1. In what way are liquids and gases alike? In what way are liquids and solids different?
2. Based on your understanding of particle motion, explain why gases take up more space than the same amount of liquid.
3. How can we describe the different states of matter in terms of the motion and energy of their particles?
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