Tuscan CitiesTuscan Cities
The Culture of Death, The Culture of Death, Judgment, and PunishmentJudgment, and Punishment
ObsessiObsession with on with DeathDeathand and
DecayDecay
Illness and HopelessnessIllness and Hopelessness
Old Age and Old Age and the Body:the Body:
Lots of Lots of Reminders of Reminders of
DecayDecay
Death Comes InevitablyDeath Comes Inevitably
All Ages All Ages AffectedAffected
Attention to Attention to Avoiding Avoiding
DeathDeathEven at the Even at the
Last MomentLast Moment
Moment of Moment of DeathDeathand and
TemptatioTemptation: The Ars n: The Ars MoriendiMoriendi
Miracles Miracles Happen:Happen:
AscertainiAscertaining Deathng Death
Transport of the CadaverTransport of the Cadaver
The CasketThe Casket
Death and SensualityDeath and Sensuality
InternmentInternment
Decay of the BodyDecay of the BodyAfter Death EmphasizedAfter Death Emphasized
Elaborate Elaborate and and
expensive expensive tombstombs
Grave Grave RobbingRobbing
Office for Office for the Deadthe Dead
HellHell
ResurrectiResurrection of the on of the dead and dead and the Last the Last
JudgmentJudgment
Taken to Taken to be Judgedbe Judged
Guilt Guilt ExpiationExpiation
: : Scrovegni Scrovegni Chapel in Chapel in
PaduaPadua
Universal Universal Judgment: Judgment: When and When and
WhereWhere
Justice in Justice in the Arena the Arena
Chapel Chapel (Giotto)(Giotto)
Two Kinds of Justice Two Kinds of Justice (Lorenzetti)(Lorenzetti)
Good Good GovernmentGovernmentFrescos in Frescos in
SienaSiena
Distributive Justice Distributive Justice (Lorenzetti(Lorenzetti))
Commutative JusticeCommutative Justice
PurgatoryPurgatory
Role of the Role of the Blessed Virgin as Blessed Virgin as
IntercessorIntercessor
ArtisticArtisticOpportunitOpportunit
y,y,Creativity Creativity
and and Sadistic Sadistic
EntertainmEntertainmentent
Hell and Hell and Graphic Graphic TortureTorture
Clergy Clergy andandLaity Laity were were both both
includedincluded
PunishmePunishments fit the nts fit the crime or crime or sin -- in sin -- in
this case this case an an
obsession obsession with with
WealthWealth
Punishment Fitting the Sin:Punishment Fitting the Sin:Clerical CelibacyClerical Celibacy
Eternal and Eternal and appropriate appropriate punishmentpunishment
ss
Sexual Sexual obsessions obsessions and ideas and ideas about the about the physical physical
bodybody
Demons Demons actively actively
and and graphicalgraphically punish ly punish sinnerssinners
Serious Serious and comic and comic value. Can value. Can
these these images images really really
terrify?terrify?
Satan Satan himself himself helpshelps
Simony Simony andand
Bribery: Bribery: Common Common Clerical Clerical
SinsSins
The The End??End??
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