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TSB
ITU Standardization and its new Environment
Accra, Ghana, 27 May 2004
by
Houlin ZHAODirector
Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB)International Telecommunication Union, Geneva
Place des Nations - CH-1211 Geneva 20 - SwitzerlandTel: +41 22 730 5851 Fax: +41 22 730 5853
E-mail: [email protected] Home page address: http://www.itu.int
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TSB
1837 Invention of the first electric telegraph1844 Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine
between Washington and Baltimore1865 Foundation of the International Telegraph Union by twenty States17 May with the adoption of the first Convention. First Telegraph Regulations.1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone
1924 Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative Committee)1925 Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative Committee)1927 Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative Committee)1932 Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes name to
International Telecommunication Union
1947 ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations1956 Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International
Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)1992 Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors:
ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D replaces TCD
ITU Landmarks
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TSBStructure of the ITU
PlenipotentiaryConference
RadiocommunicationSector
TelecommunicationStandardization Sector Development Sector
World Conferenceson International
Telecommunications
WorldTelecommunication
StandardizationAssembly (WTSA)
Council
Radio RegulationsBoard
StudyGroups
DirectorSecretary-GeneralDeputy Secretary-General
CoordinationCommittee
General Secretariat
StudyGroups
StudyGroups
AdvisoryGroup
Bureau
Director
Bureau
AdvisoryGroup Director
Bureau
AdvisoryGroup
World/RegionalConferences
RadiocommunicationAssembly
World/RegionalConferences
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TSBFunctions of ITU-T
"The functions of the Telecommunication Standardization Sector
shall be, bearing in mind the particular concerns of the developing
countries, to fulfill the purposes of the Union relating to
telecommunication standardization, as stated in Article 1 of this
Constitution, by studying technical, operating and tariff Questions
and adopting Recommendations on them with a view to
standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis"
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TSBCCITT and ITU-T
CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee):1956 1st Plenary Assembly 1960 2nd Plenary Assembly Red Books1964 3rd Plenary Assembly Blue Books1968 4th Plenary Assembly White Books1972 5th Plenary Assembly Green Books
1976 6th Plenary Assembly Orange Books1980 7th Plenary Assembly Yellow Books1984 8th Plenary Assembly Red Books1988 9th Plenary Assembly Blue Books
ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union - Telecom. Standardization Sector):1993 1st World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-93), Helsinki1996 2nd World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96), Geneva2000 3rd World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA-2000), Montreal
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TSBOrganizational Structure of ITU-T
WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATION ASSEMBLY
TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATIONADVISORY GROUP
STUDY GROUP
WORKINGPARTY
R
STUDY GROUP STUDY GROUP
WORKINGPARTY
WORKINGPARTY
R R R
R = RAPPORTEUR GROUP
- Workshop / forum - Focus Group- Joint Group- Project team
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TSBITU-T Study Groups and TSAG
Study Group 2: Operational aspects of service provision, networks and performance
Study Group 3: Tariff and accounting principles including relatedtelecommunications economic and policy issues
Study Group 4: Telecommunication management, including TMN
Study Group 5: Protection against electromagnetic environment effects
Study Group 6: Outside plant
Study Group 9: Integrated broadband cable networks and television and sound transmission
Study Group 11: Signalling requirements and protocols
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TSBITU-T Study Groups and TSAG
Study Group 12: End-to-end transmission performance of
networksand terminals
Study Group 13: Multi-protocol and IP-based networks and
their internetworking
Study Group 15: Optical and other transport networks
Study Group 16: Multimedia services, systems and terminals
Study Group 17: Data networks and telecommunication software
SSG: IMT-2000 and Beyond
TSAG: Telecommunication Standardization Advisory Group(Priorities: IP, Mobility, next generation, security, …)
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3 months minimum
1 month minimum
4 weeks
SG or WPmeeting
SG or WPdetermination
Chairman'srequest
Edited textavailable
Consultation period
Director'sannouncement
Director's request
Textdistributed
Director'snotification
Deadline forMember States' replies
SGdecision
SGmeeting
7 working days
maximum
Approval of new and revised Recommendations -Sequence of events (TAP)
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TSB
Approved
Director’s Notification
SG or WP
Meeting
Edited Text
for LC
Director’s Announcement
and Posting for LC
(a)
(b)
(c)
Comment Resolution
Edited Text
Available
Director’s Announcement
and Posting
SG Meeting
(a)
(a)
(b)
Director’s Announcement
and Posting for AR
(b)
3 weeks
4 weeks LC
3 weeks AR
LC: Last Call AR: Additional Review
AAP Sequence of Events(extract from Rec. A.8)
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• Questions (projects)• Contributions driven (normal contributions, delayed contributions,
temporary documents)• face-to-face meeting:
- debate, determination, approval of reports, approval of Questions - SG/WP meetings: decision making; Rapporteur meetings: develop texts• Decision = consensus, unanimous agreements• Recommendations (Amendments, Corrigenda, supplements)
draft Recommendations, determined draft Recommendationsapproved Recommendations, pre-published Recommendations,published Recommendations
• Implementor’s Guides• Meeting reports• Electronic submissions, web consultations, email, ftp• Paperless meeting – LAN/Wireless – LAN connections in meeting rooms
Working methods
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TSBITU-T Recommendations Series (1)
Series A Organization of the work of the ITU-T
Series B Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification
Series C General telecommunication statistics
Series D General tariff principles
Series E Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human factors
Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services
Series G Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks
Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems
Series I Integrated services digital network
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Series J Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals
Series K Protection against interference
Series L Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant
Series M TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephone circuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits
Series N Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits
Series O Specifications of measuring equipment
Series P Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks
ITU-T Recommendations Series (2)
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TSBITU-T Recommendations Series (3)
Series Q Switching and signalling
Series R Telegraph transmission
Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment
Series T Terminals for telematic services
Series U Telegraph switching
Series V Data communication over the telephone network
Series X Data networks and open system communication
Series Y Global information infrastructure and internet protocol aspects
Series Z Languages and general software aspects for telecommunicationsystems
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TSBBest Sellers of ITU-T Recommendations09.2001-01.2004
Best selling texts (in the order of download number from 09/01-01/04):
H.248.x series H.323 Z.100 H.263 G.707 H.262
H.324 E.164 M.3100 H.245 Q.764 X.680
G.703 H.223 G.728 Q.761 T.38 Q.762
G.783 Q.850 Q.763 Q.931 T.30 G.729
Some well-known ITU-T Recommendations:
E.190 E.212G.652 G.655 G.692 G.720 G.723 Annex A+disk G.780-series (SDH) G.826 G.957 G.982 G.990-series (xDSL)H.248 H.324 H.450 I.365 I.432 I.731 J.112 J.117M.3010 M.3100 M.3400Q.931 Q.1700-series (IMT-2000)T.37 T.38 V.34 V.44 V.59 V.90 V.92X.25 X.36 X.509 X.680-series (ASN.1) X.690 X.840-seriesY.1310 Y.1540
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before 1988 1989-1993 1993-1996 1997-2000 2001-2004
Approval time
4 years
2 years
18 months
9 months (exceptional
case: 5 months)
2-9
months
Publication time
2-4 years
2 years
1-1.5 year
6-12
months
3-9 months
Notes: 1. Pre-published Recommendations, available on ITU-T Website, from a few days
to four weeks after approval of the text. 2. Recs in force, pre-published, superseded/obsolete: available on ITU-T Website. 3. Forms of publication: paper, CD-ROM, electronic bookshop, online, etc.
4. FREE ONLINE ACCESS SINCE JANUARY 2001 (one free access per member, 3 free downloads for public) 5. “Approval time” counted between “determination/consent” and final approval
Approval and publication time of Recommendations
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TSBITU-T's main work areas
Three major items:
- IP-related issues
- IMT-2000
- Accounting rates
Other items:
- Multi-media, access networks (xDSL), optical transmission,security, numbering and addressing, inter-operabilities, IPR, etc.
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TSBITU-T’s work on voice coding
7 kHz band - wideband (G.722-series)
4 kHz band - analogue
64 kbit/s - PCM, G.711, 1972
32 kbit/s - ADPCM, G.721, 1984
16 kbit/s - G.728, 1992
8 kbit/s - G.729, 1996
4 kbit/s - G.4kbps
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TSBITU-T’s work on still picture coding
Classic facsimile (G3, G4) T.4, T.6
B/W still pictures (JBIG) T.82, T.83
Cont. tone colour (JPEG) T.81
(lossless) (JPEG-LS) T.86
(JPEG-2000) T.800
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TSBITU-T’s work on moving picture coding
H.261 - video coding at n x 64 kbit/s
H.262 - generic video and audio coding
H.263 - video coding for low bit rates
H.264 - improved multimedia video coding (vs. MPEG-4)
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Year9.6 kbit/s28.8 kbit/s
56.6 kbit/s
128 kbit/s
2 Mbit/s
640 kbit/s
8 Mbit/s
25 Mbit/s
50 Mbit/s
1989 1997 2000
Analog modems
ISDN
HDSL/ADSL
VDSL
OPTICALACCESS
622 Mbit/s
Access network
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TSBITU-T’s products for IP-networks
E.164 …
G.707 (SDH), G.709 (OTN), G.722 (7 kHz), G.728 (16 kbit/s), G.729 (8 kbit/s), G.99x (xDSL) …
H.248 (gateway), H.323 (multimedia systems) …
I.365 (FR), I.432 (B-ISDN), I.732 (ATM) …
J.112 (Cable TV), J.16x + J.17x (IPCablecom) …
M.3120 (CORBA for TMN) …
Q.933 (DSS1), Q.1300 (TASC), Q.1930 (BICC), Q.27xx (B-ISDN), Q.29xx (DSS2) …
T.37, T.38 (IPfax), T.12x (multimedia conference) …
V.29 (9.6 K modem), V.34 (34 kbit/s), V.90/V.92 (56 kbit/s) …
X.25, X.75, X.76 (FR), X.85 (IP over SDH), X.86 (Ethernet over LAPS), X.121, X.4xx (MHS), X.5xx (Directory), particularly X.509, X.68x/X.69x (ASN.1), X.8xx (security), X.9xx (ODP) …
Y-series: dedicated to IP and GII
Z.100 (SDL), Z.14x (TTCN), Z.3xx (MM languages) ……
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Specified IMT-2000 systems and its spectrums
Interworking functions to be used with existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems
Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000 systems
New Generation of mobile systems
ITU-T’s mobile communications
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Quality of Service (QoS)
Numbering and routing
Security
Tariffs and Accounting rates
Interworking
Ensuring global interoperability
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TSB
Administrations (65/832)
Members: 189
ROAs (63/461)
Members: 163
SIOs (121/664)
Members: 173
Associates (31/53)
Members: 82
U.S.A. 144
FT 43
Nortel 29+12+12
eAccess 5
China 95
Telekomunikacja Polska 38
NTT 47 + 3
OFS Fitel 5
U.K. 55
China Telecom. Corp. 29
Alcatel 9+8+2+9+12+2+1
Opticom 3
Germany 45
BT 27
Cisco Systems 34
SwissQual 3
France 33
Deutsche Telekom 26
Siemens 25+1+5
Telekom Srpske 3
India 32
KDDI 19
ETRI 29
ACCA Networks 2
Brazil 31
Bharat Sanchar Nigam 18
Huawei Tech. 25
AULM 2
Syrian Arab Rep. 30
Telenor ASA 17
Lucent Tech. 12+9+1+2
ElectriPHY 2
Italy 29
AT & T 14
L.M. Ericsson 21+1
Harris 2
Canada 26
NTT DoCoMo 14
ZTE 21
Octasic Semicond. 2
Japan 25
Telecom Italia 13
Infineon 13+1+1+1
Okinasa Photonics 2
Korea (Rep. of) 22
TeliaSonera 13
NEC 12
Telchemy 2
Russian Federation 20
BELGACOM 11
Fujitsu 11
Teraburst Networks 2
Total: 587(70%)
Total: 282 (61%)
Total: 371 (56%)
Total: 35 (66%)
Top Members participation (2003)
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NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada
Country Number of Delegates
China 95
India 32
Brazil 31
Syrian Arab Republic 30
Korea (Rep. of) 22
Russian Federation 20
Hungary 15
Israel 15
Australia 14
Thailand 13
Mexico 12
Switzerland 11
Ukraine 11
Total: 321
Top 13 attendees, except G7 countries, Administrations, 2003
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.
.
Company Number of Delegates Country
Telekomunikacja Polska 38 Poland
China Telecommunications Corp 29 China
Bharat Sanchar Nigam 18 India
Telenor ASA 17 Norway
TeliaSonera 13 Sweden
BELGACOM 11 Belgium
Community of Yugoslav PTT 10 Serbia and Montenegro
Swisscom 10 Switzerland
Telekom Austria 10 Austria
Rostelecom 9 Russian Federation
China Unicom 7 China
China Mobile Comm. Corp 6 China
KT Corporation 6 Korea (Rep. of)
Total: 184NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada
Top 13 attendees, except G7 countries, ROAs, 2003
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Company Number of delegates CountryETRI 29 Korea (Rep. Of)
Huawei Technologies 25 China
L.M. Ericsson 21 Sweden
ZTE 21 China
Samsung Electronics 10 Korea (Rep. Of)
ITEK 9 Denmark
Lucent Tech. Nederland 9 Netherlands
Nokia Corporation 9 Finland
Alcatel Bell 8 Belgium
Tellabs Oy 8 Finland
Matalink 5 Israel
Actelis Networks 3 Israel
GIGA ApS 3 Denmark
Total: 160
NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada
Top 13 attendees, except G7 countries, SIOs, 2003
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NB: G7: USA, France, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada
Company Number of Delegates Country
SwissQual 3 Switzerland
Telecom Srpske 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina
AULM 2 Switzerland
ASTRI 1 China
RAD Data Communications 1 Israel
Transmode Systems 1 Sweden
Tyco Electronics Raychem 1 Belgium
Total: 12
Top attendees, except G7 countries, Associates, 2003
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International SDOs: ISO, IEC, WSC; ISO/IEC JTC1
Regional SDOs: ATIS, TIA, TSACC, TTA, TTC, ARIB, CCSA, ETSI, ACIF, GSC
For internet: IETF/ISOC, ICANN, ccTLDs, etc.
Many Forums/SDOs: such as IEEE, 3GPPs, ATM, TMF, …
Regional Telecom organizations: APT, ATU, CITEL, RCC, CEPT, ETNO, …
etc…
International Cooperation
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A.4 A.5
A.6
ASN.1 Consortium ARIB (Association of Radio Industries and Businesses)
ARIB
ATM Forum ATM Forum Committee T1
DSL Forum Committee T1 CCSA
ETIS (e-and telecommunication info. services)
CCSA ECMA
FRF (Frame Relay Forum) DSL Forum ETSI
IMTC (Multimedia) ECMA Standardizing Information & Communication Systems
IEEE
IPDR Organization ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)
JCTEA
IPv6 Forum FRF NIST
MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) Forum
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
SCTE
MSF (Multiservice Switching Forum) ISOC/IETF (Internet Society/Internet Engineering Task Force)
TIA
OASIS JCTEA (Japan Cable Television Engineering Association)
TTA
OIF (Optical Internetworking Forum) MPLS Forum TTC
OMG (Object Management Group) NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)
SDL Forum Society OASIS
TM Forum (Tele Management Forum) OIF
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) OMG
SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers)
TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)
TM Forum
TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association)
TTC (Telecommunication Technology Committee)
W3C
Members for Rec. A.4, A.5 and A.6 Forums/SDOs
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WTSA-2004: 5-14 October, Florianópolis, Brazil
TSAG: 12-16 July, Geneva, Switzerland
Final meetings of ITU-T Study Groups: January-June
ITU Council-2004: 9-18 June, Geneva, Switzerland
Preparation of the 2nd Phase of WSIS
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MAIN ACTIVITIES in 2004
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