Total Energy Model for Connected DevicesPaul Ryan, Anson Wu, Terence Smith
IEA Webinar Series, 28 April 2021
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Contents
Introduction to the IEA-4E TCP and EDNA
Overview of Total Energy Model
Demonstration of TEM Charts
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Introduction to the IEA-4E TCP and EDNA
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IEA-4E / EDNA
Annex of IEA-4E TCP
Technical analysis &
policy guidance
Efficiency of connected devices & systems
Austria, Australia, Canada, Denmark, European Comm,
France, Japan, Korea,
Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, Switzerland, UK,
USA
Operating Agent = Steven
Beletich
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Energy Implications of Device Connectivity
Energy Savings
• Digitalisation
• Intelligent efficiency
• Demand flexibility
Energy Cost
• Network standby
• Upstream energy
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Overview of Total Energy Model (TEM)
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Please Note
The TEM was commissioned by EDNA and authored by EnergyConsult. Its results do not reflect the views of the IEA, 4E, EDNA or their members
The TEM is a desktop model, based on a wide range of assumptions, and therefore contains some uncertainty
The EnergyConsult team includes:
Paul Ryan
Anson Wu
Terence Smith
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Context
Total Energy Model
V1.0 finalised in 2019
V2.0 expanded on V1.0 and was finalised in 2020 (published in March 2021)
Scope, from 2010 to 2019, and forecast to 2030
Network connected energy use:
Downstream - Energy used to create and maintain network connections, and stream video/audio
Upstream - Energy used in the data centres (DC) and wide area network (WAN)
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Scope
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The TEM Model
WAN/Core and Data Centres
Energy use model: Energy intensity (kWh per GB data)
Upstream Energy
Network Connected
Devices
Energy use model: Bottom-up stock model (energy use per device)
Downstream Energy
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Devices by Category and Group (sub-category)
LAN
Access Device
• Integrated Access Device
• Wired modem
• Wireless Modem
LAN Other
• Wireless Access Point
• Router
• Switch
• Network Extender
ICT
PC
• Desktop
• Laptop
• Imaging Equipment
Mobile
• Smartphone
Tablet
• Tablet
Storage
• NAS
Entertainment
Display
• Smart TV
• Digital Signage Display
Audio
• AV Reciever
• AV Speakers
• Portable Speakers
Media Device
• Games Console
• STB & OTT Media Player
• Casting Stick
• DVA - Video Display
Automation
Appliances
• Refrigerator
• Freezer
• Washing Machine
• Clothes Dryer
• Dishwasher
• Small Appliance
Cooking
• Oven + Cooktop
• Range Hood
IoT
• Gateway - LE to WiFi
• Blinds + Windows
• Sensors: Res - LE
• Sensors: Res - WiFi
• Sensors: Industry - LE
• Gateway: Bus
• Comm Building Control
• Sensors: Health - LE
• Smart Meters
Lighting
• Smart Lights - Wifi
• Smart Lights - LE
Space Conditioning
• Smart Thermostat
• Air Conditioners
Street Lights
• Street Lights
Audio Automation
• DVA - Speaker
Water Heating
• Water Heaters
Security
Control
• Smart Lock
Video
• IP Camera -Home
• IP Camera -Public + Business
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Energy consumption categories
Downstream
Network standby
Network active
Media Streaming
Upstream
Media streaming
Non-media
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Additional segmentation
Regions x 8 (based on supplied shipment forecasts – sourced from Juniper Research)
IP Global traffic type (as defined by CISCO)
North AmericaWest EuropeCentral & East EuropeFar East & ChinaIndia SubcontinentRest of Asia PacificLatin AmericaAfrica and Middle EastGlobal
PCTVSmartPhoneTabletsM2MNon-Smart PhoneOther
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Overview of Connected Energy Consumption
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
Ene
rgy
Co
nsu
mp
tio
n (
TWh
pa)
Upstream - Non-Streaming
Upstream - Streaming Media
Device Energy - Streaming Media
Device Energy - Network Active
Device Energy - Network Standby
Upstream
Downstream
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Detailed Upstream Energy Consumption
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Demonstration of TEM Charts
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Demonstration of TEM Charts
Explain the chart items and features
Examples of what can be examined for each of the chart tabs
Base Case
Scenarios:
Edge device network standby,
LAN,
Upstream
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