The Timeline Of Photography.

Photography Through The Years. 450BC-Present Day.By Molly Wilkinson.

Photography And Artists.

Photography caused many artists to stop painting portraits and start painting images cameras couldn’t capture. Abstract pieces. Before the camera was created, people had their portraits painted. When the camera became mass produced, people no longer wanted their person painted but photographed as it did not take so long and it made them look more like they genuinely did.

Camera Obscura

First used in 450BC-390BC, Camera Obscura was a lens less pinhole camera. Latin; camera for "vaulted room", Obscura for "dark.”Camera Obscura is when you are in a dark room and there is a small hole in the wall. The image coming in from outside through the small hole is then projected upon the wall. It is projected upside down.

Giphantie

Giphantie is a novel by Tiphaigne de la Roche. It was published in 1760. It is most famous for predicting the modern day process of photography.

The Prediction“You know, that rays of light reflected from different bodies form pictures, paint the image reflected on all polished surfaces, for example, on the retina of the eye, on water, and on glass. The spirits have sought to fix these fleeting images; they have made a subtle matter by means of which a picture is formed in the twinkling of an eye. They coat a piece of canvas with this matter, and place it in front of the object to be taken. The first effect of this cloth is similar to that of a mirror, but by means of its viscous nature the prepared canvas, as is not the case with the mirror, retains a facsimile of the image. The mirror represents images faithfully, but retains none; our canvas reflects them no less faithfully, but retains them all. This impression of the image is instantaneous. The canvas is then removed and deposited in a dark place. An hour later the impression is dry, and you have a picture the more precious in that no art can imitate its truthfulness.”

18201820 is the year The First Ever Permanent Photo was taken. It took eight hours to develop. It was taken by scientist Nicephore Neipce. He called it View From The Window Of Le Gras. He put a silver coin in nitric acid then put cooking salt into the nitric acid. He then plastered the mixture onto the paper giving it 6 coatings of the stuff. Nicephore Neipce also tried this on nickels, metal and glass.

1833

This is the year that the inventor of the permanent photograph Neipce died. Louis Daguerre, a man working with Neipce carried on Neipce’s work. Dagurerre took pictures on copper plates. His photos only needed half an hour to develop. His method of taking pictures was widely used in Paris when the craze was to have and take pictures of dead people. A Post Mortem Portrait.

Cyanotype ProcessAlso referred to as the photogram or The Blue Print Process, the cyanotype process was created by astronomer John Herschel so he could produce his astronomical findings with more ease. He used hyposulphite of soda as his photographic fixer to fix pictures and make them permanent.

1844-1855

First photographic negative was taken by a man called William Henry Fox Talbot – a rival of Daguerre and also the creator of the negative picture. It was of a window in his home – Lacock Abbey. The lightest areas of the photographed subject appear darkest and the darkest areas appear lightest. The negative image was poor in quality compared to the Daguerrotype but unlike the Daguerrotype, it could be copied many times. William Henry Fox Talbot made a book of photography called the Pencil Of Nature. The photographic negative was called the Calotype.

Wet Plate Process

Otherwise known as the Collodion Process and created by Frederic Scott Archer, the wet plate process was introduced to the world in the 1850s and became very popular as it was cheaper then the Daguerrotype and the The Collodion process produced a negative image on glass. This was an improvement over the Calotype process, invented by William Henry Fox Talbot, which relied on paper negatives, and the daguerreotype, which produced a one-of-a-kind positive image and could not be replicated.

First Moving Images

Created in 1878 by a man called Eadward James Muybridge, the first ever moving image was of a galloping horse. Muybridge wanted to show the world that when a horse gallops, it takes all four feet off the ground. 12 photographs were taken, one after each other and then put together to show a horse galloping.

1889

The first mass market camera was produced. Interchangeable lenses were not available for this camera, the lens was set. Stationary. It was a very simple box with a fixed lens and only one shutter speed. It was preloaded with 100 exposures and was needed to be sent back and reloaded when film was full.

1905Oscar Barnack created the first 35mm film camera called Ur Leica. He reduced the format of the negative.

1935

The first instant camera was produced in this year by company Polaroid. This camera allowed the person to take the photo and for the photo to come out straight away, the person having to shake it a little for the picture to appear.

1986

First mega pixel camera was made. 5x7 inch

digital digital photo quality print.

1991

Kodak released first ever professional camera for photo journalists.