PWlgP'WS?TTS,'T ' ' ..- - r, i- ' 1,1 l"

12 THE SUN, FRIDAY, AUGUST 4, 1916.

AND NKW TOIIK rRKSS.

Fill WAY, AUGUST 4, 1010.

Entered at the Post Office at Nn York MVtcond Claaa Mall Matter.

Snhacrlpilona br Mall. I'ftaloald.DATt.v, Per .MonthOAlt.V. I'rr Veal ,nilNUAV. I'r MmilhHI'.SDAV no (.'Miia.iul, J'r Month....SUNDAY. Per Year JDAIM A N I I SUMlAY, IVr Yer.... SDAILY AND SUNDAY. IVr Monlti.

Kountoi It AIM.DAILY. rr MonthHUNDAY. Par Month. 3DAILY AND SUNDAY. Per Month

THR F.VKN'I.Nfl SUV. Per Month.. .. tTHK t:vt:NtNtl KPN. Per Year ... MTHE EVUNINtl Mo. 1 M

All eherka. tnonry nrdtr', Ac. to bamada payable to Tin: St;.

Reader) of Tnr. Fix Itaving town for thesummer Binthe uni h.ivn thi .tally andSunday and evening editions delivered tothem In any part of Ihl country or tairnpeon the terms aisled a hot p. Addreaaes(hanged ae often h desired Onltr throughnewsdealer nt illrcitly of I'JtilUatlon Ofttce.Telephone 2300 Heekmsn.

Published dally, Imiudlng fimday, ly theSun Printing anil Publishing Aaaoclatlon atMO Xasaati street. In the nnrnngh of Man-

hattan. Nr York. President, frank A.Muneey. I An Nassau afreet;Krvln Wordman. I Mi Nassau atreets

It, II Tltherlngtnn. IftO Naaaautreats Treaaurer, Win. T. Dawart, 10 Nat-a- u

ureal,

London nfllrc. Fleet alraalParis otncr, (1 Itue da Ik Mlchodlerf, off

Rut du Uuatre Sepicmlire.Waahlnittoii nfflre. Illhtx ttulldtng.Brooklyn oltlce. Knom Kagte Build-la-

S03 Washington etrect

oar trtrhtta w'.o mor u uilt imann.icrlpt atttl ilhitir,iitiu Jot puhUtation ictthto Artra rritrtrH nriirUh returnrit thrv msafla all cnr srnH Mantpt fur ffwr pnrtHttt.

Tke Preilrlent nit the FifteenthAmendment.

Picsiilciil Wii.hon'.h mimIoii onwonitin Miffi'iict'. us cxplnltied by Mr.Tumi'i.ty, Is hi t while he voled forwoman suffrage In New .lervy. belielleves linn each Slate should settleIhe qucMlon fur Itself, and Hint noState should have woman suffrageforced upon It hyjjte Yote. of three-fourth- s'

of hII the Stutes In rntlllcu-tlo- n

of nn iiineiiilinent of the KetlernlOinstltttllon.

This Is tin In'elllKllile ihisIHoii.If President Wilson's theory of the

State's supreme right to determinethe character of Its electorate lmilprevailed In Ihe year of our laurtleighteen hundred and eventy. theright of inlored citizens of the UnitedStates to tote would not then haveleen extended to New .lerey.ware. Maryland, Kentucky, Califor-nia and Orepin.

Thoe l Stale- - had fulled to rat-ify Ihe Ameiidmenl whenHamiitov I'ixii, ii Secretary ofState, cerillied lliat ratltlcatlon bytwenty-nin- e oilier State made theamendment valid, to all Intents nndptirMip,, u pari of the Constitutionof the United Slnte.

The ratltlcatlon by ihe twenty-nin- e

States established negro suffrage In

the other l Stales of Ihe Union.What difference In moral or legal

or principle docs Presi-dent Wilson u between n Fed-

eral amendment providing that theright or citizen of the United Suiteto vote shall nut be dented or abridgedby the United Statei or by any Stnteon account of race, color or previouscondition of servitude and a Ktsleralamendment providing that the rightto vote shall nut tie denied or abridgedon account of ex?

What a Nationwide Strike of Rail-road Men Mean.

V,'o give a good deal of space thismorning to an article describing cer-tain activities of the PennsylvaniaRnllrnnd which nre commonly un-

known to or unconsidered by personsnot directly concerned In the tr.niporlntlon Industry of the country.From It our readers will gain an Ideanot only of what the Pennsylvania Isdoing, hut of the Intricate organiza-tion nnd far reaching social serviceof the enrrler corporations In all partsof Ihe country. The Pennsylvania Isnot nlone In contributing to the wel-

fare of the nation otherwise thnn byhauling John Ioe or Richard Hoe andtheir goods about the country: everyrailroad Is nn ngent nf education, dis-cipline, and man conservation.

If Ihe public will give thought tothe fads set forth In this article. Itwill have a fresh conception of thedelicacy nnd extent nf the great struc-ture brains and energy have built upwhich Is threatened with destructionby the menace of a general, nation-wide strike of the railroad employee'brotherhoods. That destruction wouldIn Its Immediate effects deserve, thename of n calamity and In Its nltl-mat- fl

results of a catastrophe. Yet ItIs the purpose of those in whose powerthe decision lies to Invite this dis-aster, without permitting the Inter-ventlo- n

of any representative ofmen. women and children who

nre dependent on these public utilitiesfur their means of subsistence !

The Protection of (ienlui.In 1!K)S Congress appropriated

000 for an allegorical group in mar-ble entitled "Armed Peace Protecting(lenliis" for the pediment nt the enslentrance of Ihe House side of theCapitol of Washington, This group, u

brilliant achievement on the part ofIheeeulptor, Paul BAari.LTT, was un-

veiled ceremoniously on Wednesduy,nnd Speaker Clark and Representa-tive Blayukn of Texns furnished theoratory for the occasion.

The present House of Representa-tives htm been deeply Impressed bythe timely apiiearnnce of this newornament to the Capitol. Have not

. both the executive and the legisl-ative branches of the Government d

practical enthusiasm fnrnrmedpence during the past three years, tothe end that American genius, artis-tic, literary, sclent lite, commercial andI olltlcnl, might I' defended from thedisasters that have befallen Ihe crea-

tive men of the Old World?II Is true that mauy highly gifted

EvbSBBBIB

American have lost their lives aim?tho present Administration cnme Intopower, nn (be high sens and In Mexico.Hevernl Americans whose Junius witsreeogn lued by the world at Inrge per-

ished when Ihe I.iiltiinln went ilown.Mexican hnndlts In I heir lmitdermmnethltles httYc made no distinction be-

tween Americans isseelng erenllvenilntls nnd those of a more common-

place Intellectual mnketip. In fact,liift genius has paid n high price

lit killed, wounded nnd missing sincelite time nf iheM'rosldeiitlal Innugurn-tlo- n

on Mr rclt 4, 101 a.Possibly the enthuslnsm dlsptnyed

mi Wednefitlny Ity our nnllnnnlfor Setilpior IIarti.ktt'k tine

work of itrt wits due to the belief thntthe recent large impropriations foritir eotinlry's defence nntdc by Con-

gress will lie so brindled by expertthnt American genius will 1 In some-uh-

less danger of extinction In thelinmedlnte future thnn It hits beenduring the past three years.

Armed I'Pitce Protecting denim Is

a lofty and stimulating conception,worthy Immortality In mnrblc.

Caseoaeat.To the lawyers the matter of Hour.

Daviii C.sr.MKNT was perfectly plain,or utterly hopeless, nccordlng to theside from which It was viewed. To

the alienists It was something In

which to return n negative answer:Ihe man was not Insane. To theclergy It was something which weshall not discover, for priests aredumb. To the novelists, of whomthere are so few In Ihe world, thecae might not npiear to lie eitherplain or hopeless or marked withmailnei". If there wn one novelistIn whom were combined certain ofthe talents of bis' fellows he mightlay before u a picture so plain, sovivid, so understanding, of the manwlio was hauged yesterday thnt allwould know why ltoor.a Caskmcntdid the things he did.

We know what Caskmcnt saw In

the Congo and In Putumayo and whathe did for thoe wretched places, butIt would take a great novelist, per-

haps ne of the Frenchmen, to sayhow It affected the nuin himself.Was Ireland much present In histhought us he worked In the tropics?Did he think of the Hrlll-- h Govern-ment as a trant or ns something tobe purified by work of the kind thaihe was doing? The Inner, It wouldeein, for he welcomed the accolade

thnt was his reward. Why hedragged his knighthood and himselfto (iermnny the present fncts do notexplain to the satisfaction of thosewho have studied the pur.xle. One ofthe Kngllsh novelists who signed Ihelietltlou for clemency might make thepuzzle clear In a book, for Chestkr-ro-

Is a muster at explaining Inver-

sions of the mind. Perhaps he couldshow why a dreamer who Miught free-

dom for nn Island of Individualistsshould have gone for aid to Prussia.It is not a weirder case than that ofthe Napoleon nf Nottlug Hill.

Thnt picture of Casement's Instnight at sen and the landing on IheIrlb coast might be left to CoNHtn.who could show us the dogged reso-

lution of this strange adventurer atthe end of his voyage, going ashoreto certain failure. The arrest, thetrial, these could be written by al-

most any one. They were not a partof Cahkmf.nt. but of the windmill ntwhich he had tilted. For the end ofthe story, Haiot. The lmrlier bung-man- ,

the stroke of the prison bell,the men and women on l heir kneesoutside the wulU, all belong to Hauuyuud lo no one else.

But there Is no novelist who coulddo It all mid make It clear. So It

must rest that this was a black trai-tor, or a hero rebel, and that he Is

punished, or martyred. The worldwill he of several minds about It.There will be some to believe thnt It

was Justice: others, that It was acrime. Many consider It stupidity.A few will look nn It ns a futile thing,akin to executing n riddle.

German?'! Thlrty-tr- e Peace Mcetlags.

On Ihe anniversary of the Invasionof Belgium Germany takes publicstock of her wnr achievements. AnInternational treaty securing the

of the territory of a smnllState became a "mere scrap of paper"two yearn ago y when Germanguns were turned upon Llfge and aconquest cnrrylng with It the deva.ration nf a land, the destruction nfcities and the subjugation nf a peo-

ple was begun. The feat was re-

peated In northern France, Serblnnnd Montenegro. The conquests werelauded ns triumphs nf the Germannrms nnd efficiency j the conqueredterritory was pointed out ns evidenceof Germany's victory nnd the bnsUfor ponce negotlntlons.

In taking slock of the result nf thelast two years thirty-liv- e speakersIn as many German cities discussedthe terms of honorable tience. AtLeipzig Krikdhich Natmann, memlier nf the Itelchstng. said :

"Tu-dn- y wc niuat fac the fact thatour achlevemetitB ao far have not ou- -

vlnced thr enemy that tlia lilitorlclias fallen In our favor."

Resides disclosing an InconsiderateI and ttnappreclntlve foe, Mr, Nad-- I

mann Indicated that the ruthlessmethods of war, the violation of Iherights of humanity, had not met wlihthe success that might have been

In his guarded reference lothe submarine warfare he said thatIn Germany It was believed that afinal decision of the war couUI bobrought about by "a particular blow,"Hut that the programme of "fright-fulness- "

Is noi entirely abandonedmay be Judged by the remarks of an-

other memlier of the Reichstag, whosaid that the Government or the na

tion hns no occasion for showing"tender consideration toward Kng-lan- d

and Its population, which Is try-

ing to starve us lo death."In the sieecbes there was an ex

pression of an apparently earnest desire for pence. "The German nallonwas ever pence loving. I'be desirefor peace stirs most strongly In nilnations, but nerhnps most of all In

Germnny." Kvery human being In

the wnrrlng nations yearns for pence,yet "the Governments of our enemieswill not is'inill this feeling to haveany Influence upon their fictions." A

Germany annihilated nnd deprived oflis economic resources was exhibitedus the result nf n humiliating pence.A tight to the finish was the only al-

ternate e. The demands thnt mustbe enforced were thus stated byGkorok Hkkmiabii of the I'oaWv'iCy.cttuttp:

"We must either collr.'t an IndemnityIn caah or If In place of rash we atecompelled to take land, this will havenothing to do with the principle ofwhether one approves or disapprove!of annexation."

A belter understanding of conditions In Germnny thnn the outsideworld has would be necessary In es-

timating how near the speeches ofthese advocates of nn honorablesnce represent the feeling of the

German people. Rut In nil nf themthere nppcurs a decidedly differenttone from the expressions of twoyears ago, when Ihe German nrmywas entering Belgium triumphantand practically unopposed. There Is

less about spreading the blessings ofGerman kultur and less nf the divineright to victory. There Is less of conquest nnd more of defence, more ofholding what we have won."

Mexican Intervention at Last.Too. long have we withheld the pub

lication of our very frnnk nnd en-

tirely sincere congratulations to thePresident on the latest triumph ofService to Humanity In the southerndistrict nf Texas.

There", on .Inly .11. the soldiers ofCarranza, crossing the internationalboundary near Fort Hancock, ren-

dered highly efllclent aid to the au-

thorities of the Stnte of Texas andof the United States In the safeguarding of citizens of this country andthe protection of their properly fromihe attacks of bandits. The penceif the threatened community was as- -

sured by the presence nn Its soil ofthe vnllant troops of the du factoGovernment of Mexico; the weak anddistressed Government of the UnitedStates, having demonstrated Its In

capacity to save Its ieople. receivedthe generous assistance nf our power-

ful nelghlsir on the Vuiiith.

Just as Chinn, large hut ltnsitent,welcomes the reassuring Invasions ofalien troops to put down robber bandsnnd police her disorderly elements, sothe American people will rejoice thatthe maintenance of order on theSouthern frontier hns enlisted the In-

terest of Dr. Wilson's protege: nndthey will look forward to that timewhen talk of Mexican interventionwill have acquired a novel nnd comforting significance.

When Ihe Police Take Side.The street, subway and elevated

lines must he kept in operation, notfor the benefit of ihelr owners, norfor the benefit of the men employedon them, but for the heuetlt of thepublic.

If an attempt Is made to close therailways, all the resources f the citymust lie exercised for the protectionof the public. It Is commonly as-

serted thut In labor disputes the po-

lice roust not lie employed on eitherside. This Implies thnt there are buttwo sides to such disputes. In a con-

test nffeetlng a public utility such Is

not the case. These struggles havethree sides, and the police must takethe side of the public, whose Inter-

est In the maintenance of service isvltnl and whose importance completelyovershadows that of either of theother parties.

If men want lo quit work, li Is

their right so to do; If others wantto work, thai is their right : and theduty of the civic authorities is toprotect nil In the exercise of theirrights. Thus doing, they will be partlinns of the public; nnd that kindof partisanship Is In every respectand aspect admirable.

There Is one fact that grows moreapparent every day. The people oftills country are going to hold the Ad-

ministration to strict accountability.

The 'New York State Democraticcommutes asserts that PresidentWilson "Initiated" national prepared-ness. Was that when he discovered.losEriins".'

Miss Host k a SeiiwiMHEn complainsthat HBNnT Fomi Is mure exclusivethan the average Kurnpenn king. Whyshouldn't he be? He has royalties toburn.

Mr. IIaulkt of Muncle, I ml., whoplayed a piano continuously for llftyhours and Ave minutes, is qiinllflcdfor apartment house life in New York,

Sefior Cariunza apparently fearsthat the KYIend of Humanity mny boton broad minded lo be the Friend ofMexico.

Secretary MoAnoo y Issued awarning to Treasury Department nfll- -

lulu against undue political activity,A'ttra rout IVoPiofo,

They will ho held to that strict ac-countability for which the Adminis-tration Is now famous throughout thoworld.

The campaign Is still young, hutwoman has nlremly registered.

One or the aalonlihlaa myatarlaaconnected with the war is the question

why the German Wnr Office persist-ently underrated the lighting power ofRussia.

Sea sharks may come and sea shnrksmay go, hut Ihe lonn sharks we havealways with us.

One of the chief worries of theAdministration springs from the factthat November Is so far an ay.

The aviators who Imttled atheight of twelve thousand feet will beenvied by golf players. They had nogallery to annoy them.

Many h Congressman Is now worry-ing over the question .whether he hnsdestroyed his political fences by hisattitude toward nationil defences.

Nn wonder a mind Is Inconsistentthat Is under the undue Influence ofState Rights Ideals at one momentand li carried away by the shadowyclaims of Humanity at another.

Mr. Wilson must regret already thuthe didn't put Colonel Housa In chargeof his campaign.

The Democrats should adopt an Income tax of 101 per cent, per annumnnd let the Farm Loan Board advancemoney to the Individual to meet hisdeficiency.

The Deutschland Is the puasyfootero the sea.

ADVICE TO TROLLEY MEN.

An Kxperlenced Railroad WorkerCoiiaseU Them to Peace.

To the EniTon or The Scn Sir: I

have been n railroad man oer thirtyyears. I was mixed up in one ranroaamess a number of years ano. The menafter a struggle lost their Jobs. Theorsanlxers went Into buslneas. Old menunable to get a Job again died Inmisery without a roof over their heads.Many men are yet aufferlnir hardshipsfrom that unfortunate utrlke.

Htreet car men of New York, so backto your Jobs. Do not llaten to thetalkative pleaders with promises, but re-

member ynur family. Remember thatjour employer has been father undmother to many of you. Many of youhave been on the Job over thirty years.If you know of a hotter Job. go take It,If nut, set tosether and eo back on yourJobs, You are not happy and you know- -

It. You long for the lontroller or thebark end ; en hack. The people of thecity of New York lespect you, StandBy them. Mand by the men who save

ou jour Job. On back. Listen lo alallroad man nf

TM1KTT YKAP.A KxFERIENCE.

New Yor.K, Auituat 3.

Ihe Atlllnde nt the New York Kail-wa-

Company.

To thk KoiTOti or The Sun Mr.- - TheNew York Rallwajs Company's letterIn The Sun this mornlns addrcss-e- tothe people of New York city meritswilier reflection. Hut not only reflec-

tion. It demands cooperative responae.The New York Itallwjys Company

has proieil lt Rood faith, fairness nndefllclenc.v. These virtues are clearlytestified to In Its recent aurlvl

of a frivolous "Investigation"and In Its delivery of the major p.'utof the now most extensive municipaltsausportatlon service on earth. Further-more, Hm entire administration standsproof aiMlnct the eaelens efforts ofpetty aaltalors of nil kinds who con-

duct an eatabllahed business nf amelllnprout prortt promising claims asalnt cor-

porations because the corporation assuch seeiiia fair value.

The letli-- r referred to, which It be-

hooves every New Yorker to pondereoberly, expounds n very plain, eaallyunderstood Isaue: on one hand aboutIS, nun xutlatleil employees and on lh"other a small Kiotip of possibly tenfhrewd alien trouble makersupon what they cajculate as a coldblooded business enterprise Thej standto loae nothlnir And If their enter-prise la eiiKinietpd to an Issue whichthey may cnaractetlre as n success thejwill have attained lepulatlon of stilti- - j

clent promise to warrant and encour.iKeanother similar enterprise elsewhere.Incidentally they will have picked up anice little bank roll out of the funds oftheir organization and otherwise.

In the meantime, n cent of a walk- -

out Uliiiiii men become Idle and tenidle ones become very busy, pi Inupalljamong newspaper Inlet viewers, (ieneralbusiness slows up and normal profits,1. one too hi rue now, shrink, If theIssue develops Into an Indefinite dead-lock ever' one In the city becomes aparty to general Inconvenience ami loss

for increase satisfied. What thenOenetnl consequent depression

Itself some time winter In

noticeable additions to (lie iinemplojedranks and Increase In the cost of liv-

ing. Hniall merchants along affectedavenues must recover, Prices of theirgoods must go up.

As for recognition of the union, Itremains jet he demonstrated Hint It

has added one lota to ueneral welfareanywhere on earth simply shifts theload from one set of shoulders to an-

other tentatively. Ita dlicct consequenceli. Inefficiency at high marketIts indited one creation of or'

the

rsf,

passes thin a reielverslilp, aimthe formerly sMllslied nowthe satisfied V) striker, up asthe unqualified dupe, because It .e

eventuallj p.tjs theThe only escapes with a

whole Is the agitator. In Ibispurtlculai Instance his activities areciimlnal. have too much of himIk letoforc, Hi nt.

Nbw York, August

First America Hoiiient,Nui eiiMiisb pal first,so the shnll mine to uorstAnd shall find her fu puised,Not enough In put her first

And ilrtlrlrnl

Nnt In put bar flrtSo Ihe bomb on her ahall htuatAmi war "he lie Immersed;Not enough In put har

, And lent.

thus must she ha nrattSn nlher nation dunt

nn har the thing aecuraad,Only thus mutt aha be tint

Am ealeUatlHclMMDIUgOH WlDON,

CAVE DWELLERS, BEWARE!

Those Who OhMract lire EscapesWill Be .Severely Panlihed.

To tub KniTon or the Sun Sir: Thisletter may lie taken as notice by alltenants thnt nn energetic enmpniirn forIhe clearance of hoth front slid rearnre capes will lm t.gun at onoo.

Inquiry Is somethnes made of the(Tenement House Department as towhether plants may not be keptthe fire escapes. The law requires flicescapes to lie denied of nil oli'tructlnnsvlintsoever,

.Special wnrnlug Is git en to those whoblock up tire escape opetilnxs hatch-way- s

thHl these cases win ire severelydealt with. This condition oftenfrom the desire of parents to safeguardchildren, whom they permit to play onthe Are escapes.

The law on the subject Is mandatory.The added rink which such ii practiceentolls Is irreater than any disadvantagethat may accrue from keeping childrenoff the (Ire cfenpes.

John J. McnniT,Commissioner.

Tknemknt Hocsr. Dipaiitment, Aug. S.

MORE Qs FOR HUGHES.

Practical Ones, This Time, and MuchKalrer to the Group.

"It doesn't seem to me," said oneAuthor to another, ns they temporarilyseparated themselves from the Group,"that those ten questions we put toMr. Hughes constitute n fair deal."

"He dasscn't complain," suldother Author. "Kvery kind of a GroupIs going to ask him ten questions."

"I didn't menu that It Isn't fair toMr. Hughes." sold the first Author."It Isn't fair to us. It's such a wasteof opportunity. What good does Itdo you or me or Meredith Nicholsonto nsk Mr. Hughes about the FederalHeserve law? If he told us what waswrong with It we couldn't put It in astorj", could we? And as for Informa-tion about the seamen's bill, PeteKyne Is the only one of us who turnsout sen stuff,"

The. other Author became curious."What's your Idea 7" he demanded."We should ask questions that mean

something," the first Author replied,"nnd every one of us should nsk tenntiestlons. .Inst to show that I'm notselfish I've drawn up the questionswhich Augustus Thomas should ask.Listen:

Ito Jou ramember "Arltnna."?Would Mlfxoura" atnnd a rel?l, do

nu think?Did "Alahama" make a ireat lmpra.lon

on ou?IMdn't nu laulh at "The Kirl nf

VVmiM ou adUaa alt parjona runningfi.r Conirr to raad "The rapltnl"?

Ware j nu ahle tn at ea- - for "A Man"f lh World"?

Waitn't "Mra, Larnnsn ell'a llnnta" anHttracllta Htla?

Ifn't nu think a tM nf iha lnarai Inrychnto came ftnm "The WitchingHour"?

What arena In "Tha llrvt Moon"thrllla.l you inopt, nr ou Ihare?

Name any Maxiran nua-!n- n that . notdifpnjed of In "tllo drandr

The second clapped hishands.

"That's fine, perfectly fine," hesniil. "I shall ask him whetherthinks flcnee. In my 'Slaves of Pas-sion," should have married PagohertHlgglns or let well enough .thine."

"And I," said the first Author, "In-tend to ilem.inj Ids views on the pro-priety of QlorU Hemstitch's conductin Chapter XIV. of "Well, What ofIt?'

"There's only one difficulty about nilthis." jinld the second Author. "Sev-eral of us have written only five orsix books or plays. And there mustIs- - ten questions."

"Plenty of time." si Id the firstAuthor cheerfully. who atoshort will have a collide of weeks tocatch up."

NEGLECTED PRECAUTIONS.

Indictment of Aldermnnlr Mn ofOmission nnd Commission.

To the Kuitor or Tun Scn--.s- ir A-

lderman DowlliiK sas ever) reielx-Iii- k

busln in the city l .1 pest bole ofthe worst type and that system offuhlnx refuse from the streets Intothe sewers Is lespouslble for the presentepidemic and a force of men shouldbe employed rid the basins of theirgelm laden contents, The Hoard ofKstunatc took no action upon this,It was well that they not The nr- -

cumulations In the basins would causeno disease In ten thousand je.irs If theywere kept moist, and the murerefuse can be washed Into placesby constant and thorouKh ttuslihiKless there will lie to dry and be raisedby winds, the rapid p.issacc ofvehicles and dty street sweeping,

To employ men to elevate thismutter into the open air, a pot ofwhich Is always spilled and besmearsthe pavements adjacent where It would

and turn pestilential dustbe wafted Into the throats and lungs ofevery passer or carried Into houses andthere Inhaled by children, would be afatal error. No surer means of startingK plague could be devised. These basinsshould only be cleaned In winter and anydrippings should be promptly flushedback Into them.

Laht spring when the appropriation ofUriil.fliin was tn ditch the remote

Hay marshes In an effort to

have been 11 voided,AncilliiAi.n P.

HiiooKi.rN. August 3,

"The Ureal American NVivel."

To no: KniTon op TlIK St'N Ifthe "great American noval" were writ-

ten, do jmi rally think It would bepublished?

Our publishers tell us that they areconstantly on the lookout for genius,but If they ever find It I am afraid theyare rather aid to shy like n frightenedhorse.

Atllstlcally speaking, the dominatingcharacteristic of this community Is loveof the conventional, M,

Nkw Yoiik, August 3,

nnd all are liable to icrtaln menace Pni.'r houss where It Is again stirredIncidental lo anarchism Kventuallj aU, ,j the wmugful dry sweeping Insideunion may be recognised and demand nu, then Inhaled b Infants.

willnext

tn

It

prices andcounter

Hilces

weren't

ganizntion of big huslness, the essential eliminate Innocuous andtit for tat,

j purveying salt marsh moo,ullncs I

And as for sntlalled demands, If the that the money should be appro-compan- y

has to retrench nieel them, pilled for street cleaning mid hellerservice is Impilted, If the company apparatus fr that purpose If It mustHilda some other way of meeting them be expended for sanitation. No alien-eithe- r

local luxation rates In one wayition was paid to my suggestion. Mador another tlse or transportation rales theie been It would sei.ni reasonable toundergo revision, or llniilly Ihe com-- 1 suppose that the present rdipcmlc mightpuny

1') worker,looms

s

v.bo hill.one who

linle

We had1'itANKi.iN

3,

America andlo her

worst

enough

Inlint

siiltb

limyno

Hrlig

upon

and

the

"tn

Author

he

"

"Those

that

thethe

thatto

anddid

thethese

the

theto

foultlon

dry Into to

passedlamalca

WitKKS.

Nlr:

to

lour Tainted Oueatlnna,To Tils r.l'ITou or TUB Six Mi.' Who

nre Ihe signers nf t lie. "ran Pulnlail yurs.lion." in mir PreslneniUI , Hniit,,t,Charles K Hughes

Hove many have vntea"Are they nil t'nlted States citizens?Where . their hut tote cut?

Ci.itTI HTopntw.Mount Vggsns, Auguit 3,

.

THE INDUSTRIAL

A Concise Survey of One of Many Greet antl Social FaMca Threat bf tba

Purpose of Ihe I'nlled to Paralyxe the Carrier Sjsieais of (be Valtti Slate,

The railroads nf the ITnltcd States Ina few dajs will be face to face with thegiealest labor crisis In their hlstorj--.

The Ifio.non trainmen have been can-

vassed by their brotherhoods, and theballots ate now being counted to de

termine whether the men are In favor ofvisiting disaster upon the railroads, andIhe entire country as well, by suddenlyhalting the transportation system.

In the present higher wage movementthe four brotherhoods have stated pub-

licly and emphatically that they will notgo Into another arbitration. The rail-toa-

have signified their willingness toatguc the demands of the trainmen be- -

fere nn impartial tribunal, preferablythe Interstate Commerce Commission,the best Informed body of men in thecountry on railroad matters. Or. therailroads will nccept arbitration underthe provisions of the Newlands act.

Some Interesting nnd nceurate statis-tics, with particular reference to thewages nf engineers, conductors, firemenand brakemen of the PennsylvaniaTtallrnad system, which has nearly ZS,-0-

trainmen In Its emploj", arc hero pre-sented. Let the public decide whetherIhe men who operate the trains have areal grievance, whether they have sufll-cle-

cause to take part In a nationalstrike.

The following table shows the aver-ng- e

nntiunl wages lu !!13 of approxi-mately

system:2D, 000 trainmen on the Pennsyl-

vaniaI

i:r.ii-i-. i.Pasnengcr asrtlca II. 'IJKrrltht serrlcc 1,(01Yinl service 1,151

CnsnvcToaa,Paangar aervlra 1 ;ifreight sertlte 1,3.--;

Tar, I aartleeFiansirs.

Poaaanger aorlce o

1'rrlghl anlre I

Yard service :jllKay .

P.miancf r sen Ice . .... jSFreight "aralceVnrd srrvfea 1.0:1

In normal limes the PennsylvaniaRailroad sjstem has 2.'0,0nn employeesrr, Its payrolls. It has always paid thehighest prevailing rate of wages paid torailroad employees In the tenltory Inwhich It operates, ftul more than that.the policy of the Pennsylvania has beento insure that all Its relations with Itsmen should be charncterlied by fairnessnnd fi lendllness.

The Pennsylvania has ntway repng-n'ze- d

the right nf any man to laborupon whatever terms he and his em-ployer may agree, whether he belongsto a labor organization or not.

have always lieen given fullopportunity to redress their grievanceswhether they were associated withtabor unions or not.

Tn develop Its organization, to assureItself of the lojalty of Its men and tobuild up an efficient and economicaltransportation enterprise, tlio Pennsjl-ni- a

Railroad system has, as expe-ilrn-

'suggested, worked nut many plansfor Improving conditions

Pioneer among American ralboads toretire and pension Its emplojees was I

the I'ennsj Ivanla. On January 1, lSnn.plan was formulated and put Into ef-fe-

on both the Kastern anil Westernlines, which virtually assures n cotnpe-tim- e

to everv man who makes the Mr-vic- e

his principal life work All pen-sions are paid out of Ihe funds ofthe railroad, no com (buttons whateverbeing made bv the emplojces, Quiteappropi l.iti ly the I'ennsj Ivanla referswith pride to the pension list .is Its"Honor Roll," which has had S..M7 re-

tired employees on It since the pensionwere established. Of this

number Of? have died, leaving 1.025ti tired employees still receding pen-

sions at tl'e end of .1 11110. 1916. TheI. Ines Mast and Lines West pensionfunds have paid out In the sixteen je.irstli.it have elapsed slnie thej first begani;!'iig pensions, 1 1 2.f Wi,l !U 1. In thep.it few yenis thej have been distribut-ing pensions to honor roll men at thelate of about l.,"CMi,tiu0 a jear, or moret'lau SI.11OO a day. In June of this yeartwelve engineers, conductors and brake-me- n

were among thoe who wete re-

tired on pensions.The Pennsylvania was probably the

flist railroad In the coimtry to uuu.iur.itea safe and cheap plan of insurance furItr vast army of tollers.Jl.OMO.iMiO Is paid out eachby the relief funds of the system on ac-

count of illness ,ue to nntunil causes andphjslcnl disability a the result of ace.deut and death. The tellef funds on theEastern nnd Western lines, s.r.ce tbtlrorganization In l.'1'. nnd w, respec-tively, have paid out benefits amountingto ne.irl fl.'i. ,'"o These funds aremaintained finui monthb p.ijuients bytneinliors, income and profits front In-

vestments, appropriations fmni thevarious subsidiary compnnles of the sys-

tem and gifts and legacies. The r.ill-toa- d

guarantees that all the obligationso' the fund" will be met nnd also paysthe operating expenses, which Includefree rent of oftices and the salaries ofneatly .I11",

Nearly three decades ago, when sav-ings banks In the t'nlted States, espe-e- l.

illy In the rural districts, wete fewand far between, a number of em-ployees woiklng at small stations nn thelines east of Pittsburg, petitioned thePennsylvania Rnilrnad to lend Its as-sistance to the end that they might have

IS SEABURYA Curious Situation Created by the

Primary Law.To nir. KniTon or thk Sun sir. lu

Thk Sl'N to-d- you say: "It wasmade known jeslerday that Judge Sea-hni- y

was willing to have his namein the ptlniarles und In the event

of his selccllon ns the candidate fnrf tii'..eii..r 1 t,i eitncnsti tint Stlol.t '

Judge SeaburyV eiippnitcrs and the I

Judge himself would seem to have for- - '

gotten Article VI., Section in, of theConstitution of New York, which pro-vid-

. "The Judges of the Court of Ap-

peals a a Bhall not hold any otherotllre or public trust, All vntcn for anyof them, for any other than 11 Judicialolllce given by Ihe Legislature or Un-

people, shall he void,"Judge Seabury must resign his pres-

ent olllce 'before the primaries nre heldor votes cast for him In the primariescannot be counted. Monaonock,

Nkw York, August 3,

Itllt K a nomination ona Judge ,111 "nfllrc"?

Hew tm rrnnnunr It.Magistral Hrsiighla navar grough.

STRUCTURE WHICHSTRIKE MENACES.

some safe nnd convenient place to savea portion of their wages. The sugges-tion appealed so strongly to the board ofdirectors that on January 2, 1888, lessthan six months after the men petitionedthe railroad, the Employees' Savingsfund was established, under Ihe Juris-diction and management of the executiveodlcers. The fund was first started onthe lines east, and Inter n similar sav-

ings fund was established on the west-ern lines. The Pennsylvania guaranteesthe principal nnd Interest on nil ac-

counts, the Interest rate allowed IwlngRij per cent., and all expenses of oper-ation nre paid by the railroad.

Probably no single factor lias beenmore Important In the social and educa-tional life of the Pennsylvania than theRailroad Young Men's Christian Asso-

ciation. There are thirty-eig- branchesnow In operation on the system, with atotal membership of several thousand.Ihey are all equipped with readingrooms nnd many of them have groundsfor outdoor sports. The last of these tolc Installed was In the new station inNew York city, which provides to mem-

bers nil the conveniences of a modernclub, libraries, reading rooms, pool nndbilliard tables, bowling alleys, gym-

nasium, baths nnd sleeping accommo-dations for train crews nnd others.There are lecture rooms where promi-nent speakers are often heard and class100ms In which Instruction Is given onsubjects pertaining to railroading.

The, attention of Pennsylvania Rail-- ,load officials was called in 1910 to thefact that there was a number of em-- 1

ployees carried upon the railroad's pay-tol- ls

who, because of their age or physicaldlsrthillty, could not perform service andwere In destitute condition nnd neededfinancial aid. An Investigation of thesecases led to the adoption of the policyby the railroad of providing In excep-tionally deserving and distressing casesfor such of Its Indigent nnd needy em-ployees w.10 by accident or some other

'unavoidable cause became Incapable ofperforming setvlre, rouseo,uently pre-venting them from earning a livelihood,thus Involving the comforts and necessi-ties of not only themselves, but In manyInstances of those dependent upon themfor support. Since 1 ! 1 0 gratuities to theamount of about l.'n.Ono have been dis-bursed by the Pennsylvania. At thepiesenl time forty six such gratuities,totaling II, 13S a jear, oier $."; amonth, are being paid, II Is also the

of the Pennsylvania to provideemployment for widows and children ofemployees killed In the railroad servicewherever It is possible so to do.

Twenty jears ago crj-- few Italiansweie employed on the Pennsylvania sys-- Itern. -. however, on the lines) eastof Pittsburg alone there are close toK.,000 of them on the payrolls, owingto the lack of education among the ma-jority nf theae Italian employees, and

.owing to their Ignorance nf the Kng-llsh language and American customs,they have been often misled by deceiv-ing labor organizers and thus have,througli strike", been caused lo leavetheir positions, causing a great deil oftrouble for themselves as well as forthe rallioail To ovetcotne these troubles,If possible, aail at the same time edu-cat- e

the Italian workeis, the rnlltoadcompany during the last four yearshas iiinducted by cortespondence andlectures an eilucntinn.il course In Kng-- ,llsh and Italian. The course Is givenfree to all who apply for It, and Is de-

signed to prove of advantage to thoIndividual and the railroad, sincethrough sn h education the ltnli.ni em-ployee rlts himself for a better position,while the road secures a better andmore clfl. lent employee, Hetween 2, "Onand 3.000 Italian employees have beenenrolled as students In this coutse.

For several years the PennsylvaniaRailroad has cnndui tid a orrespoudeucecourse In eledricil engineering Thiscourse of Instruction together ui i

pamphlets and iniiUi'loti matter, isgiven flee to all elllploj ees in the - r- -

ice !r kins appli.titioi iliei.f.ir .Morethan ln.oon students have been enrolled111 tile electtlcal eiigitHellng eotnse.

Perhaps uowliif i railroad serviceare training, skill .md ch trader morenecessity than at the lore telegraphkey Realizing (his, the Peiuisj IvanlaRailroad staTttd the work of trainingf.e- - Its set v c tie Kfr.d of operatorsthat t needs The adiool of telegraphynt Hcdford, Pa . w is organized in lint",with twenty-e'sli- l students enrolledSince that tone b tweeu lion and ,",nu

joung men hive been graduated fromthe sehoul ,n sk lied railro.i I telegripboperators and qlven places n the rill-load'- s

orcnnlzaliouMechanics n' the li'ghest skill md

ato being "irnd out eveivj car at shops nt the lines cist of Pitts-bur- g

where nppieutice .ebools exist, lu11' 10 the first nf these free schools otInstruction was established at Altoona.Pa , for the benefit of apprentices whodid not have the advantage of collegetraining, Thirty pupils were enmlledthen. Similar schools have been openedsince at Philadelphia, Pa., Hart Isburg,P.i , and Wilmington, Pel,, nnd plansare under way for tho further extensionof these schools tn all short on theeastern lines where apprentices ate em-ployed. It Is estimated that the Peun-- jsyhanla Railroad at the present tlmoIs sending between too and ."00 apprcn-- 1

tires to school and paying them for thetime they spend there. Thus far 300

Isppientlces have completed the coutse

President Wilson's Classic I'tteranreson the War.

To THK LlllTon OK TlIB SI N ()' Pies,blent Wilson has made three classic ut-

terances about the world wnr. and thejwill probably be copied Into the school I

histories, He first Issued a proclania- -

Hon telling 11s that we must be "neutialeven In thought" nbout It. As soon aswe had ered from the disgustcaused by this, he told us he was "tooproud to light." At the dinner of theLeague to Knfoice Peace, speaking ofthe war. he told us that "with Its causesand objects we are not concerned." ItIs true that we are n composite people.,hut are there any people In the t'nltedSI. lies besides President Wilson who are"neutral even In thought" who am "tooproud to llnbl" and who are not "con-cerned with the causes and objects ofthe war"?

If there are, they will vole for Presi-dent Wilson, Mr. Hughes ought lo getall the other votes.

Lawrkncr (IniiKiN.Nkw York, August 3,

A I'e.t.If ever you happen n hear

A terrible fraraa ami jelp,I've murdered the paranu who aava

"I'm loo ympstbttlg tu help."

A RAILROAD

Tnmnportalien, Educational- -

Brotherhoods

Approximatelytwehemohtii

ELIGIBLE?

and graduated from the schools, tmprovision of thin chop school lajtruc.Hon, In addition to the, Instruction Inthe actual trade processes In the, thv?has been an Incentive for more and jahlo boya to lake up apprenticeship, nihas proved a sound business rropotltAlin Increasing tho ability arpcts of thirailroad.

Several years ago thn different dl.visions of the eastern lines tUrtaschools where experienced men gv0 In.structlons to the division employee ,the proper manipulation nf slgn.il t,1Interlocking appliances. To train evpert engineers, capable of directing nlplanning Installations, thn rallrn.vi tconstantly appointing special signal jp.prentices.

Ity means of the Krank Thomsoischolarships, two of which are nwnriHench year, to the sons of living andceased employees of nil the. r,illrn.ifembraced In the Pennsylvania ejatamIs afforded nn opportunity of n,n,, .Ing a technical education In ordir toenable them to qualify for employniar.twith Ihe railroad. The Thomson triv. .

arshlps, each of which amounts to (,iaa J'car, were established In ISA? n4endowed In the sum of tl20,nnn hj ththree surviving children of ."ratik Thm, .

son, late president of tho IVnnylvanThe awards nre mado on a purely eonpetltlvo basis, the examinations hainsconducted ench year by the college ertrance examination board of New Ynr1.

city. Of the eighteen young men whohave thus far won scholarships, i,chave already completed their cn'.tit.course and are now working and "n,Ing good" on the I'ennsj Ivanla.

As a memorial to the late John nn-Sims- ,

formerly secretary of the Pa.,sytvanla Railroad Company, two irfscholarships wete established it ct'nlvcrslty of Pennsylvania lu 100''view of Mr. Slms's long connectlot, we1the Peiuisj Ivanla one scholarship

open exclusively to IVitnajlvat '

Railroad emplnj-ee- s or to sons of llvl .or deceased employees of the entireteni. Awards of thn Sltns memor1scholarships for Pennsylvania eml"'ees are made upon the basis nf en.

pctltlve examinations. In the sameas the Prank Thomson sclml itslilps a

allotted.The John IMg.ir Thomson

situated In Philadelphia. TheRailroad does not manage nr

trnl it, but some of its itiipmtant ."

eer are directly Interested in the aelm

nnd every Pennsylvania employe.. aS,ni.

be keenly Interested In It because .

mission l to cine for educate and .

ill the world the or'di.u. daughtersra bund men who have lost their live

'n the service The school was npee!on pecember t. 1 and for thinthree years 11 1ms In en iiii.tv fulll!' c

Its purpose. Three little git Is n.'cuph.lIn Us:'. To-da- y between thirty ,nforty girls are sharing Its benefits, ,

Including those now In attendance nv100 ch ldren have been admitted n

Its opening In admitting pupil" !.school preference ,M given under M

Thomson's will to daughters of empl"'ees killed while lu discharge of the r

duties on the PennsJ Ivaoia Ratlins I

lines Tt nut of thirtj-tlv- e girlswere educated at tin school, the rec iIshow that thirty-on- e engaged lu bn- -

ness or professional vvntk.Rest for Its employees bis long

been put on an 0rg.1nl7.ed basN byPennsylvania Railroad On theec"'lines the railroad uutiaseinent has

rest houses at freight yard-nn- d

termini, where train .rcs e .

changnl in furniture alone aim...--no una hs been spent and mi'n'--nan.-

costs over $.m,non :itimiallj'. TV

turn on the Investment lu test h"'i',conies in the form of better ervln fr mi

the men. A dear brain Is cededoperate trains safity. lu furnishing '

rest bouses the railroad stippl il "

onlv the essentials, tid. cunboini. '

atorles and rcwtiiurntits. but it -- imp".means of amusement, sttdi ns n,

papers, periodicals, lllir.ities and mm'.Some of the bouses even are lilted wtmechanical appliances for Instructionair br.ikes and Injectors, and l.l'l.men nre on hand to give Instruct!In conjunction with th- - rest houses ar-

rangements nn made to get meals vtile least pos-ib- le eOft

tt Is the deVgn o the Pctisj IvvRailroad to to ike it" service o attnlive that men who enter H will ir .

it their life vvoik Tlnte are at t

ptesent tlni' more than '.'.noi" semployees who hive been In the servmore than fotty yeir-- , an. I nioie the1,500 men who have served fmtv irand have Peen pland on tic ".i"' e'roll' and ret'-e- d There nr. i'.'m--

.

ni.itily Sao men ei the r iilro.nl - P''-roll- s

who have b. en In ll emp'.n o,

than tl'ty je.irs N'e.iil.v .'.. 'emplojees it. between sixty rin.l "eienty years of nuc A census reieti1'taken nf the nftlccrs of the I'ennsj h a-

gives striking evidence of the i v '

t.iilioad pursues In training men "17s tanking olllrers 1T1 nr !S per 'have bean with the rallrmd all of t

business life outgrowths of thenf employment on Ihe pan-

sy Ivanla are the veteran emplojeesoclatlons, organizations formed ' v --

men themselves. Including both the r '

and flle and ofllccrs. mi twelve d vl "

Men who have worked for tbe mi1'"'more than twi my-on- e je.irs ire el

as veterans. ii:or,it: l'i it"IhtnoKl.VN, August 3.

RAILROAD PAY.

Another Comparison of t'nmirtinllnI'lnlcr LxNtlng Srliriliilvi.

To Tin: KniTon or Tut: Scv s"think II, !' Hulls has not rl.-ir-

Ihe lettet of a inemb. r ' t

It of It It. T In toe llrt pH". '

writer yets the same as llrnther Pc3t, cents an hour; but only woiks fit '

hours a dav and quotes llgures f.. :l

number of hours for 3 US days, It' it

llutls works elcvui hours for a stia!:1'day nnd makes ovettlme, nhlu'i ''writer does not get 4 chance to dn IIday's pay only amounts to '.' !'! iki

.!.!) ii.

Now, the four biotln rhoods air a

Ing for an eight hour day with tci c

pay, which Is f :t !o. white ihe masking for eleven noma pav f." --

hours work. I have been a nienl..'Hie II. of It. R. T. since 1900 and I ai

Just as proud of that orK.itn.at. "iany member lu It, bill live in '

Yotk city, where I pa.v more for a " i"'than ! nr fie a mouth, ns the '

Tyrone, and 1 have no Mi bv

lot nn whl'il In lilac vegetible ' t

will kei p me a pail of thebuying an;, ami I am raising 'besides. Mumhiii or 1! or It T

Nr.w York, August 3,

Dl